Limited by single metal active sites and low electrical conductivity, designing nickel‐based metal–organic framework (MOF) materials with high capacity and high energy density remains a challenge. Herein, a series of bi/multimetallic MOF‐74 family materials in situ grown on carbon cloth (CC) by doping Mx+ ions in Ni‐MOF‐74 is fabricated: NiM‐MOF@CC (M = Mn2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Al3+, Fe3+), and NiCoM‐MOF@CC (M = Mn2+, Zn2+, Al3+, Fe3+). The type and ratio of doping metal ions can be adjusted while the original topology is preserved. Different metal ions are confirmed by X‐ray absorption fine structure (XAFS). Furthermore, these Ni‐based MOF electrodes are directly utilized as cathodes for aqueous nickel–zinc batteries (NZBs). Among all the as‐prepared electrodes, NiCo‐MOF@CC‐3 (NCM@CC‐3), with an optimized Co/Ni ratio of 1:1, exhibits the best electrical conductivity, which is according to the density functional theory (DFT) theoretical calculations. The NCM@CC‐3//Zn@CC battery achieves a high specific capacity of 1.77 mAh cm–2, a high areal energy density of 2.97 mWh cm–2, and high cycling stability of 83% capacity retention rate after 6000 cycles. The synthetic strategy based on the coordination effect of metal ions and the concept of binder‐free electrodes provide a new direction for the synthesis of high‐performance materials in the energy‐storage field.

In Situ Synthesis of MOF‐74 Family for High Areal Energy Density of Aqueous Nickel–Zinc Batteries

Metal–organic frameworks and derived materials as photocatalysts for water splitting and carbon dioxide reduction

Supercapacitors (SCs) are highly promising electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices. SCs display an outstanding power performance, excellent reversibility, long-term stability, simple operation, and high feasibility for integration into electronic devices, including consumer electronics, memory backup systems, and industrial power and energy management systems. The electrode materials determine the cell capacitance, operating voltage, power density, energy density, and time constant of SCs. Transition metal-based electrode materials (TMEMs) are among the most promising electrodes for SCs, due to their outstanding energy density, specific capacitance, and quick charging/discharging rates, in addition to their ease of preparation in a high yield from low-cost and earth-abundant resources. Binary transition metal sulfides (BTMSs) possess various advantages relative to other TMEMs, including higher storage capacity, higher electrical conductivity, excellent redox properties, better specific capacitance, quicker electron/ion diffusion, and superior reversibility with long cycle life. Herein, the inventory and the recent progress in the rational design of BTMS electrodes for SCs are deliberated, spaning from the preparation methods to the operative conditions, performance, and mechanism. To help assist in the further development of BTMS electrodes for efficient and durable SCs, current underlying challenges and possible solutions are identified and addressed, with emphasis on device performance vs BTMS type and relative merits. 

Engineering of Transition Metal Sulfide Nanostructures as Efficient Electrodes for High-Performance Supercapacitors

Nitrogenous MOFs and their composites as high-performance electrode material for supercapacitors: Recent advances and perspectives

Supercapacitors are important energy storage devices due to their long circular life and high power density. However, the low energy density of supercapacitors hinders their widespread application. Therefore, the development and research of novel electrode materials to improve their electrochemical behavior in supercapacitor applications becomes crucial. The application of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with high porosity, controllable pore structure, and large specific surface area in supercapacitors has been widely explored by researchers. In this review, we mainly conclude the latest research progress of pure MOFs and their composites (MOF composites, MOF derivatives) in the application of supercapacitors. Finally, we also provide personal insights on the current challenges and future development prospects of these materials in the application of supercapacitors. • The applications of MOFs and their composites in supercapacitors were discussed. • Optimized composition and structure can improve capacitor performance of MOFs. • It is important to build good electrolyte compatibility and low space resistance. • The relationship between nanostructures and properties has been summarized. 

Metal organic frameworks and their composites for supercapacitor application

Controlling the growth of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) at the micro-/nanoscopic scale will result in new physical properties and novel functions into the materials without changing the chemical identities and the characteristic features of the MOFs themselves. Herein, we report a facile approach to synthesize a series of MOFs [Co-MOF, CoxNiy-MOFs (x and y represent the molar ratio of Co2+ and Ni2+ and x/y = 1:1, 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, and 1:20), and Ni-MOF] with a one-dimensional micro-/nanoscaled rod-like architecture. From Co-MOF to CoxNiy-MOFs to Ni-MOF, the diameters of the rods turn to be spindly with the increase of Ni2+ content which will facilitate the supercapacitor performances. Interestingly, Co1Ni20-MOF exhibits a highest specific capacity of 597 F g-1 at 0.5 A g-1 and excellent cycle performance (retained 93.59% after 4000 cycles) among these MOF materials owing to its micro-/nanorod structure with a smaller diameter and the synergy effect between the optimum molar ratio of Co2+ and Ni2+.

From Co-MOF to CoNi-MOF to Ni-MOF: A Facile Synthesis of 1D Micro-/Nanomaterials.

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From Co-MOF to CoNi-MOF to Ni-MOF: A Facile Synthesis of 1D Micro-/Nanomaterials.