https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00753181/document

Influence of dry grinding in a ball mill on the length of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and their dispersion and percolation behaviour in melt mixed polycarbonate composites

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were filled into polycarbonate (PC) by large scale extruder, and some studies were carried out on as-produced composite. The results showed PC composite containing 1 wt.% of MWCNTs had a tensile strength 4.5% higher than neat PC, and the elastic modulus of PC/MWCNTs composite increased obviously with MWCNTs loadings. The electrical resistivity measurements indicated a percolation of MWCNTs near 5 wt.% (3.4 vol.%) for the composite. Either the decrease in the fluidity of the composite melts with the increase of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) loadings or the unexpected shortening of CNTs in extrusion was supposed to have weakened the effects of CNTs as a reinforcing agent or a conductive filler.

Study on polycarbonate/multi-walled carbon nanotubes composite produced by melt processing

Structural modification of carbon nanotubes by various ball milling

Small-scale melt mixing was performed for composites based on polypropylene (PP) and 0.5–7.5 wt % multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) to determine if masterbatch (MB) dilution is a more effective form of nanofiller dispersion than direct nanotube incorporation. The methods were compared using composites of five different PP types, each filled with 2 wt % MWCNTs. After the determination of the specific mechanical energy (SME) input in the MB dilution process, the direct-incorporation mixing time was adjusted to achieve comparable SME values. Interestingly, the electrical resistivity of MB-prepared samples with 2 wt % MWCNTs was higher than that of those prepared using direct incorporation—despite their better dispersion—suggesting more pronounced MWCNT shortening in the two-step procedure. In summary, this study on PP suggests that the masterbatch approach is suitable for the dispersion of MWCNTs and holds advantages in nanotube dispersion, albeit at the cost of slightly increased electrical resistivity.

Melt-Mixed PP/MWCNT Composites: Influence of CNT Incorporation Strategy and Matrix Viscosity on Filler Dispersion and Electrical Resistivity.

Short carbon nanotubes produced by cryogenic crushing

PC-mediated shortening of carbon nanotubes

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PC-mediated shortening of carbon nanotubes