As the Thoroughbreds race for the final stretch, 44 hooves flash and thunder creating a cacophony of tortured air and turf. Orchestrated by selective breeding for physiology and biomechanics, expressed as speed, the millennia-old symphony of man and beast reaches its climax. At nearly 73 kilometers per hour (45 mph) over half a ton of flesh and bone dwarfs its limpet-like jockey as, eyes wild and nostrils flaring, their necks stretch for glory. Beneath each resplendent livery-adorned, latherin-splattered coat hides a monstrous heart trilling at 4 beats per second, and each minute, driving over 400 L (105 gallons) of oxygen-rich blood from lungs to muscles. Matching breath to stride frequency, those lungs will inhale 16 L (4 gallons) of air each stride moving >1,000 L/min in and out of each nostril - and yet failing. Engorged with blood and stretched to breaking point, those lungs can no longer redden the arterial blood but leave it dusky and cyanotic. Their exquisitely thin blood-gas barrier, a mere 10.5 μm thick (1/50,000 of an inch), ruptures, and red cells invade the lungs. After the race is won and lost, long after the frenetic crowd has quieted and gone, that blood will clog and inflame the airways. For a few horses, those who bleed extensively, it will overflow their lungs and spray from their nostrils incarnadining the walls of their stall: a horrifically poignant canvas that strikes at horse racing's very core. That exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH) occurs is a medical and physiological reality. That every reasonable exigency is not taken to reduce/prevent it would be a travesty. This review is not intended to provide an exhaustive coverage of EIPH for which the reader is referred to recent reviews, rather, after a brief reminder of its physiologic and pathologic bases, focus is brought on the latest developments in EIPH discovery as this informs state-of-the-art knowledge, the implementation of that knowledge and recommendations for future research and treatment.

/pdf/exercise-induced-pulmonary-hemorrhage-where-are-we-now-4inuo4ev81.pdf

Exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage: where are we now?

The invention is directed to methods of using Ig compositions to prevent and/or treat humans, livestock and/or domesticated animals suffering from stress induced respiratory disorders. The Ig composition comprises a concentrated amount of one or more immunoglobulins selected from the group consisting of alpha, beta, and gamma globulins. Preferably, the Ig composition comprises other antibodies identified as providing an immune response and/or immune factors such as complement and transfer factors. The Ig composition preferably includes immunoglobulins specific to a variety of antigens. In a preferred method, an equine Ig composition is used to treat exercise induced pulmonary hemorrhage in horses.

Methods of making and using immunoglobulin (Ig) compositions

The Effectiveness of Immunotherapy in Treating Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage

/pdf/estudo-da-correlacao-entre-a-hemorragia-pulmonar-induzida-10azvo0jjy.pdf

Estudo da correlação entre a hemorragia pulmonar induzida por exercício e alterações das vias aéreas anteriores e traquéia identificadas por exame endoscópico em eqüinos da raça Puro Sangue Inglês no Jockey Club de São Paulo

A method of making a blood product for administration to patient animals to prevent or mitigate a specific condition or disease includes pre-treating one or more donor animals, collecting blood from the donor animals after pre-treatment, and processing the collected blood to make a blood product for administering to one or more patient animals. The pre-treatment step is designed to optimize the levels of one or more components in the blood that play a role in preventing or treating a specific condition or disease.

Method of Producing a Designer Blood Product, Method of Using a Designer Blood Product, and Diet for Selectively Enhancing Blood Profile

Passive immunotherapy of equine respiratory disease: treatment of acutely ill horses with equine immunoglobulin.

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Passive immunotherapy of equine respiratory disease: treatment of acutely ill horses with equine immunoglobulin.