A roadmap for security challenges in the Internet of Things

In Internet of Things (IoT), the massive connectivity of devices and enormous data on the air have made information susceptible to different type of attacks. Cryptographic algorithms are used to provide confidentiality and maintain the integrity of the information. But small size, limited computational capability, limited memory, and power resources of the devices make it difficult to use the resource intensive traditional cryptographic algorithms for information security. In this scenario it becomes impertinent to develop lightweight security schemes for IoT. A thorough study on the lightweight cryptography as a solution to the security problem of resource-constrained devices in IoT has been presented in this work. This paper is a comprehensive attempt to provide an in-depth and state of the art survey of available lightweight cryptographic primitives till 2019. In this paper 21 lightweight block ciphers, 19 lightweight stream ciphers, 9 lightweight hash functions and 5 variants of elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) has been discussed i.e. in total 54 LWC primitives are compared in their respective classes. The comparison of the ciphers has been carried out in terms of chip area, energy and power, hardware and software efficiency, throughput, latency and figure of merit (FoM). Based on the findings it can be observed that AES and ECC are the most suitable for used lightweight cryptographic primitives. Several open research problems in the field of lightweight cryptography have also been identified.

Lightweight Cryptography: A Solution to Secure IoT

Low Cost Cryptography.- Quark: A Lightweight Hash.- PRINTcipher: A Block Cipher for IC-Printing.- Sponge-Based Pseudo-Random Number Generators.- Efficient Implementations I.- A High Speed Coprocessor for Elliptic Curve Scalar Multiplications over .- Co-Z Addition Formulae and Binary Ladders on Elliptic Curves.- Efficient Techniques for High-Speed Elliptic Curve Cryptography.- Side-Channel Attacks and Countermeasures I.- Analysis and Improvement of the Random Delay Countermeasure of CHES 2009.- New Results on Instruction Cache Attacks.- Correlation-Enhanced Power Analysis Collision Attack.- Side-Channel Analysis of Six SHA-3 Candidates.- Tamper Resistance and Hardware Trojans.- Flash Memory 'Bumping' Attacks.- Self-referencing: A Scalable Side-Channel Approach for Hardware Trojan Detection.- When Failure Analysis Meets Side-Channel Attacks.- Efficient Implementations II.- Fast Exhaustive Search for Polynomial Systems in .- 256 Bit Standardized Crypto for 650 GE - GOST Revisited.- Mixed Bases for Efficient Inversion in and Conversion Matrices of SubBytes of AES.- SHA-3.- Developing a Hardware Evaluation Method for SHA-3 Candidates.- Fair and Comprehensive Methodology for Comparing Hardware Performance of Fourteen Round Two SHA-3 Candidates Using FPGAs.- Performance Analysis of the SHA-3 Candidates on Exotic Multi-core Architectures.- XBX: eXternal Benchmarking eXtension for the SUPERCOP Crypto Benchmarking Framework.- Fault Attacks and Countermeasures.- Public Key Perturbation of Randomized RSA Implementations.- Fault Sensitivity Analysis.- PUFs and RNGs.- An Alternative to Error Correction for SRAM-Like PUFs.- New High Entropy Element for FPGA Based True Random Number Generators.- The Glitch PUF: A New Delay-PUF Architecture Exploiting Glitch Shapes.- New Designs.- Garbled Circuits for Leakage-Resilience: Hardware Implementation and Evaluation of One-Time Programs.- ARMADILLO: A Multi-purpose Cryptographic Primitive Dedicated to Hardware.- Side-Channel Attacks and Countermeasures II.- Provably Secure Higher-Order Masking of AES.- Algebraic Side-Channel Analysis in the Presence of Errors.- Coordinate Blinding over Large Prime Fields.

Cryptographic hardware and embedded systems : CHES 2010 : 12th international workshop, Santa Barbara, USA, August 17-20, 2010 : proceedings

The rate of implementation of the Internet of Things (IoT) devices is increasing drastically. With that, the security issues of these connected devices and their associated network is concerning. In some applications, a security breach in an IoT device can lead to serious ramifications. For instance, hacking into a control system of a manufacturing plant can put the entire production process to a stop; intruding on critical biomedical devices such as a pacemaker or an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator can potentially risk the life of the user. Therefore, the security challenges of such devices against cyber-attacks are of paramount importance and critical when it comes to determining the future success of IoT. In this paper, a systemization of knowledge regarding the lightweight cryptographic algorithms area for IoT based devices has been provided to better understand the limitation of IoT devices and their design constraints. We identified in this study not only the real-world applications of IoT devices with their constraint resources but also the security challenges and security threats related to IoT devices. Also, we provided an exhaustive survey of lightweight cryptographic algorithms proposed by various researchers. According to this survey, we recommended two lightweight algorithms to address the security needs of IoT devices.

Lightweight Cryptography for the Internet of Things

Physical implementation of the memristor at industrial scale sparked the interest from various disciplines, ranging from physics, nanotechnology, electrical engineering, neuroscience, to intelligent robotics. As any promising new technology, it has raised hopes and questions; it is an extremely challenging task to live up to the high expectations and to devise revolutionary and feasible future applications for memristive devices. The possibility of gathering prominent scientists in the heart of the Silicon Valley given by the 2011 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks held in San Jose, CA, has offered us the unique opportunity of organizing a series of special events on the present status and future perspectives in neuromorphic memristor science. This book presents a selection of the remarkable contributions given by the leaders of the field and it may serve as inspiration and future reference to all researchers that want to explore the extraordinary possibilities given by this revolutionary concept.

Advances in Neuromorphic Memristor Science and Applications

I n 2011, we are entering a decade where Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) systems will become ubiquitous, slowly but surely replacing its old ancestor: the barcode. With the RFID technology come many advantages such as faster retailing, continuous control along the supply chain, real-time monitoring and localization of items, etc. However, all these benefits come to the condition of secure systems, especially in sensitive application areas such as military, finance, pharmaceutics, etc. Additionally, the privacy aspect involved with this technology could become a major issue in the perspective of a global adoption. In the past few years, an increasing number of researchers concentrates their efforts into providing secure solutions for RFID systems. After several attempts to integrate traditional cryptographic primitives into small, embedded, and extremely resource constrained devices, the results were mostly unsatisfactory. As a conclusion, a new branch of cryptography, commonly called Lightweight Cryptography, emerged to address the issues of these tiny ubiquitous devices. This Thesis presents a comprehensive engineering to lightweight cryptography, proposes a classification and explores its various ramifications by giving key examples in each of them. We select two of these branches, ultralightweight cryptography and symmetric-key cryptography, and propose a cryptographic primitive in each of them. In the case of symmetric-key cryptography, we propose a stream cipher that has a footprint among the smallest in the published literature and aims at being implemented on printed electronics RFID tags. Then, we compare different cryptographic primitives based on their key parameters: throughput, area, power consumption and level of security. Our main concern is the integrability of these selected primitives into real passive

http://autoidlab.cs.adelaide.edu.au/sites/default/files/thesis/matheu_Thesis.pdf

Lightweight Cryptography for Passive RFID Tags

Adaptive Security Management for Body Sensor Networks in Medical Scenario

The physical interconnection for optical transport networks has critical relevance in the overall network performance and deployment costs. As telecommunication services and technologies evolve, the provisioning of higher capacity and reliability levels is becoming essential for the proper development of Next Generation Networks. Currently, there is a lack of specific procedures that describe the basic guidelines to design such networks better than “best possible performance for the lowest investment”. Therefore, the research from different points of view will allow a broader space of possibilities when designing the physical network interconnection. This paper develops and presents a methodology in order to deal with aspects related to the interconnection problem of optical transport networks. This methodology is presented as independent puzzle pieces, covering diverse topics going from novel design criteria to well-known organized topologies. These can be used to investigate the influence of the physical interconnection of networks over their performance properties, and draw conclusions to improve the current decision support techniques related to this theme. In addition, several examples of the use of this methodology are presented.

/pdf/a-methodology-for-physical-interconnection-decisions-of-next-2acvaoqrni.pdf

A Methodology for Physical Interconnection Decisions of Next Generation Transport Networks

Since sensor nodes are energy constrained devices, optimizing the energy efficiency of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a key issue. In this paper we present a new, simple and easy to implement protocol to reduce the energy consumption of nodes. The purpose of the proposed algorithm is to monitor the transmission power of sensor nodes while communicating. The algorithm has been studied, analyzed and then implemented on the nodes. The quantitative and qualitative analysis present similar results, and with the proposed solution a reduction of 50% of the energy spent in the transmission process compared with the standard specifications has been achieved.

Adaptive Emitting Power Control Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

The design of hardware-oriented ciphers has an increasingly important role to play with emerging ubiquitous and pervasive computing devices, such as low cost passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags. The importance of such ciphers are further highlighted by novel manufacturing technologies, such as printed ink to develop extremely low cost RFID tags. Such developments bring new challenges, especially in terms of providing security, both to protect privacy as well as to enable applications dependent on security, such as e-tickets. In this paper we present a new stream cipher, A2U2, which uses principles of stream cipher design and approaches from block cipher design. Our lightweight cryptographic primitive has taken into consideration the extremely resource limited environment of printed ink tags, to develop a cipher that can be implemented with less than 300 gates, with the added benefit of high throughput provided by stream ciphers.

http://autoidlab.cs.adelaide.edu.au/sites/default/files/publications/papers/05764619.pdf

A2U2: A stream cipher for printed electronics RFID tags

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Mathieu David

Author Tools

Chat about Author