Hemodialysis patients require spiritual care due to their spiritual distress. This study aimed to investigate the effect of spiritual care on spiritual experiences of hemodialysis patients. This randomized controlled trial was conducted in 2017 at hemodialysis departments of Baqiyatallah and Cham ran hospitals in Tehran. The volunteer patients were selected by available sampling according to the inclusion criteria. Participants were randomly assigned to intervention and control groups. Interventions were performed in the educational-supportive nursing system according to the patients' self-care ability. Eight individual counseling sessions, 15–45 min, face-to-face, during dialysis, once a week were implemented for intervention group. Developing the relationship with God, self, people and nature were the main goals of care. Daily spiritual experience questionnaire was completed by patients before and three months after the intervention. There was no significant difference in the spiritual experience score of the intervention (75.20 ± 9.14) and control group (76.63 ± 10.03), before the intervention (P = 0.523). There was a statistically significant difference between the intervention (82.93 ± 5.69) and the control group score (77.24 ± 12.09) three months after the intervention (P < 0.0001). Due to the need for holistic and community-oriented care and the positive effect of this study, the use of the Sound Heart Model is recommended for Muslim patients.

Effect of Spiritual Care Based on the Sound Heart Model on Spiritual Experiences of Hemodialysis Patients.

Investigation of the effect of sensorimotor exercises on proprioceptive perceptions among children with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy

/pdf/tthyr-amwzsh-br-rtqy-sbkh-zndgy-bymrn-hmwdylyzy-32jaqr1xw5.pdf

تأثیر آموزش بر ارتقای سبک زندگی بیماران همودیالیزی

Background:
Feeding problems can limit the participation of children with cerebral palsy (CP) in the daily activities of life, especially feeding and eating. The aim of this study was to determine frequency of primary oral reflexes and oral motor dysfunction in children with CP in the city of Arak.
Material & Methods: 
This study was a descriptive-analytic and cross-sectional study that has been done on children with CP 2-15 years old. The participants were chosen by a convenience sampling from the rehabilitation clinics in the city of Arak in 2017. The presence of primary abnormal oral reflexes including Bite, Rooting, and Tongue Thrust was evaluated; and Oral motor assessment scale was used to evaluate oral motor function. . The data were analyzed using statistical tests including chi-squared test.
Results: 
Based on the present results, primitive oral reflexes (bite, rooting, tongue thrust) was found at levels of IV and V Gross Motor Function Classification System Expanded &Revised(GMFCS E&R) and at level of III Manual Abilities Classification System and type of quadriplegia spastic. The highest frequency of passive in oral motor was observed in level of V and functional in oral motor in levels of I and II GMFCS E&R. Furthermore, there was significant difference between gross motor function and oral motor function.
Conclusions: 
The study results demonstrated a significant difference between GMFCS E&R levels and oral motor function. Therefore, it was suggested that particular attention should be paid to oral motor function in terms of evaluations of gross motor function.

Frequency of Oral Motor Dysfunction during Feeding and Some of Its Effective Factors in Children with Cerebral Palsy

Author Address 1. PhD Student, Department of Sport Injury, Alborz Campus University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; 2. PhD of sport medicine and health, Professor of Tehran University, Tehran, Iran; 3. PhD of Rehabilitation Science, Assistant Professor of Bu Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran; 4. Assistant Professor of University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. * Corresponding author: Tehran, University of Tehran, Faculty of Physical Education. * Tel: (+98) 21-61118873 ,* Email: rrajabi@ut.ac.ir

The effect of sensorimotor training on the moving capability of hand in students with cerebral palsy of Spastic Hemiplegia

Introduction: Assessing the abilities of children with cerebral palsy has an important role in planning intervention and providing services by relevant organizations such as Iran’s Welfare Organization. Through classifying hand functions, the Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) helps to achieve this goal. MACS has been recently translated into Farsi but further studies need to be carried out regarding its reliability. Therefore, this study aimed at determining the test-retest and inter-rater reliabilities of the Farsi version of the MACS in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Materials and Methods: For investigating the reliability of the Persian version of the MACS, inter-rater and test–retest reliability was assessed by comparing ratings of 6 occupational therapists who measured videotaped hand functions of 39 cerebral-palsied Children (23 boys, 16 girls; age range: 4-18 years, mean: 93.12 months) during daily activities.  Participants were affected by various types of CP. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and the weighted kappa coefficient were used for statistical analysis of data using SPSS version 16. Significance level was set at P ≤ 0.05. Results: Findings indicated high inter-rater reliability between 6 occupational therapists so that the first- and the second-round ICC values respectively were 0.96 and 0.95. Weighted kappa coefficient was higher than 0.75, again revealing excellent agreement. With regard to test–retest reliability, the ICC values for occupational therapists were found to be 0.98 and weighted kappa coefficient was 0.75 which showed excellent agreement between raters’ measurements. Conclusion: The Persian version of the MACS has a high test-retest and inter-rater reliability and is seemed to be appropriate for assessing the manual ability of Iranian children with CP Keywords: Assessment tool, Cerebral palsy, Reliability, Manual ability classiﬁcation system

http://jrrs.mui.ac.ir/index.php/jrrs/article/download/422/939

Test-retest and inter-rater reliabilities of the of Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) - Farsi version in children with cerebral palsy

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Test-retest and inter-rater reliabilities of the of Manual Ability Classification System (MACS) - Farsi version in children with cerebral palsy