  
Las investigaciones en el rugby seven consideran demandas durante el juego, antropometría y aptitud física. En Chile este deporte no es profesional. El objetivo fue evaluar las posibles diferencias entre el rendimiento en pruebas físicas y características antropométricas, y asociar este rendimiento con el estado nutricional en jugadoras de rugby seven del centro-sur de Chile. Participaron 38 jugadoras adultas de tres equipos no profesionales, se les midió características antropométricas con balanza y estadiómetro, test de salto vertical con alfombra de saltos, velocidad y agilidad con fotocélulas en pruebas de campo. Para comparar los tres equipos se utilizó ANOVA de un factor y tamaño del efecto, la asociación se determinó con regresión lineal y coeficiente beta. Se utilizó el programa STATA v.14 (p < .05). Hubo diferencias entre los tres equipos en los saltos countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), velocidad en 30 metros y test de agilidad de Illinois (p < .05) con tamaños del efecto generalmente altos, y diferencias en el índice de masa corporal (IMC) (p = .015) con tamaños del efecto bajo, moderado y alto. Cuando existió mayor IMC hubo menos probabilidades de aumentar el rendimiento en CMJ, SJ, velocidad en 30 metros y agilidad, y al ajustar por variables de confusión estas probabilidades fueron menores (p < .05). Ante las diferencias en los saltos, velocidad y agilidad, y a la relación inversa de estas con el IMC se sugiere mantener un nivel preparación que permita mejorar el rendimiento del rugby seven femenino en la zona.  
Abstract. Research in rugby seven considers demands during the game, anthropometry and physical fitness. In Chile this sport is non-professional. The aim was to evaluate the possible differences between performance in physical tests and anthropometric characteristics, and to associate this performance with the nutritional status in rugby seven players from south-central Chile. 38 adult players from three non-professional teams participated, anthropometric characteristics was measured with scale and stadiometer, vertical jump test with jumping mat, speed and agility with photocells in field tests. One-way ANOVA and effect size were used to compare the three teams, and the association was determined with linear regression using the beta coefficient. The STATA v.14 program was used (p < .05). There were differences between the three teams in the countermovement jump (CMJ), squat jump (SJ), 30-meter sprint, and Illinois agility test (p < .05) with generally high effect sizes, and differences in the body mass index (BMI) (p = .015) with low, moderate, and high effect sizes. When there was a higher BMI, there were less probabilities of increasing performance in CMJ, SJ, 30-meter speed and agility, and when adjusting for confounding variables, these probabilities were lower (p < .05). Given the differences in jumping, speed and agility, and the inverse relationship of these with the BMI, it is suggested to maintain a level of preparation that allows improving the performance of women's rugby seven in the area.

Rugby seven femenino en el centro-sur de Chile: asociación entre fuerza explosiva, velocidad, agilidad y estado nutricional (Women's rugby seven in south-central Chile: association between explosive strength, speed, agility and nutritional status)

Estudio descriptivo y comparativo de características Antropométricas, funcionales y motoras de jugadores de Rugby en categorías mayores

Revisión narrativa del rol de la sentadilla en los programas de acondicionamiento neuromuscular y rehabilitación

Estudar a composicao corporal de jogadores de futebol em relacao a idade cronologica e anos de treinamento sao importantes indicadores na avaliacao, diagnostico, prescricao e controle do treinamento. Objetivo: Analisar a composicao corporal de jogadores profissionais de futebol em relacao a idade cronologica. Metodos: A amostra foi composta por 95 jogadores profissionais que atuavam na primeira divisao do campeonato do futebol Peruano. Foram avaliadas as variaveis: Idade cronologica, anos de treinamento, peso, estatura, 6 dobras cutâneas, % de gordura, massa gorda (MG) e massa livre de gordura (MLG ). A idade cronologica foi classificada em 5 grupos de idade (18-21, 22-25, 26-29, 30-33 e 34-37 anos). Utilizou-se estatistica descritiva e ANOVA (Tukey) par as comparacoes entre grupos. Resultados: Nao houve diferenca na estatura, percentual de gordura e massa gorda (p> 0,05). Houve aumentos significativos no peso corporal (5,4 kg) e massa magra (4,7 kg) em relacao a idade cronologica. Os aumentos significativos de ambas as variaveissao atingidos no rango dos 26-29 anos com uma media de 12,6±2,2 anos de treinamento. Conclusoes: A massa corporal total e massa magra aumentaram significativamente em relacao a idade cronologica, observando-se valores mais elevados em idades mais avancadas. Estes resultados sugerem que nos programas de treinamento, os jogadores de futebol devem ser classificados por grupos de idade.

/pdf/composicion-corporal-de-futbolistas-profesionales-en-funcion-2fyk84x4qn.pdf

Composición corporal de futbolistas profesionales en función de la edad cronológica

The strap suspension training is a well-known and practiced resistance training methods. Despite its frequent use, there is lack of methods of control and prescription of the loads (eg. intensity and volume) during exercising with this device and method. The aim of the present study was to propose a new practical approach in the control and prescription of physical load during resistance suspension strap training considering basic terminology. In suspension training with straps, setting the exercise using different subjection point height, rope length, distance from subjection point and attack angle could change both the intensity and the volume of the load. Considering the above, this information should be addressed by human science professionals, athletes and coaches in the designing and execution of conditioning and training programs using this method of suspension training, in order to make an optimal approach to a more individualized prescription. Likewise, the calculation and the use of attack angles and their variations together with the Suspension Training Total Resistance Load values give the possibility of making a more objective approach for the determination of an adequate training load, which based on the client's perception, could allow practitioners to generate a beneficial overload and obtain greater physical and physiological improvements.

Physical load control and prescription during resistance suspension strap training

The purpose of the present study has been to compare the knee flexo-extension exercise performed with the muscular belt (TM) with the half squat exercise using different intensities. Likewise, the effort perceived by the subjects at each point was compared. Twelve active male subjects were chosen for such purpose, they underwent vastus lateralis electromyographic recordings. The results obtained suggest that there is not a significant difference when comparing the exercise done with the TM and no extra load to the half squat exercise with an external load of 50 % of a maximal repetition (1RM). Likewise, there were no differences found between the TM with 10kg of extra load and the half squat with external load of 60 % of 1RM, and for the TM with 20 kg extra load and the half squat exercise with external load of 70 % of 1RM. It can be derived from the results obtained that exercising with the TM can be a rather efficient alternative for strength training; among its many advantages it can be remarked its “easy to use” handling, low economic cost, and, above all, the fact that it can be a training method that can avoid injuries since it does not need excessively high external loads.

/pdf/analisis-electromiografico-y-de-percepcion-de-esfuerzo-del-g89xqicx6v.pdf

Análisis electromiográfico y de percepción de esfuerzo del tirante musculador con respecto al ejercicio de medio squat

Indices antropométricos de porporcionalidad corporal de jugadores cadetes y juveniles de rugby

Resumen Se realizo un estudio sobre la repercusion que la preparacion fisica de pretemporada y competicion tiene en un equipo de futbol profesional, fundamentada en la Planificacion Contemporanea tipo ATR. Formaron parte de la muestra 26 jugadores, cuya edad media era de 25±3,77 anos. Se hizo un test antropometrico (somatotipo, sumatorio de pliegues, IMC, porcentaje de masa grasa y masa muscular) y una evaluacion funcional (Fuerza Explosiva y Resistencia Aerobica Especifica para futbolistas). Los resultados muestran aumento de peso a mitad de temporada, con diferencias estadisticamente significativas. El somatotipo evoluciono de Mesomorfo Balanceado (pretemporada) a Meso Endomorfico (competicion), apreciandose una mayor mesomorfia y masa muscular en temporada, pero con diferencias no significativas. Se ha observado una mejora importante en aquellos parametros relacionados con la resistencia aerobica. Los datos obtenidos en fuerza especifica reflejan aumentos considerables en la segunda evaluacion frente a la primera y una disminucion en la tercera respecto de la segunda (agosto-septiembre-diciembre). Sin embargo, vuelven a aumentar en marzo, tras una modificacion en la planificacion del entrenamiento. Los resultados aconsejan realizar bloques mas amplios de fuerza especifica en equilibrio con el trabajo de resistencia y demas cualidades del futbol, teniendo en cuenta el momento de la competicion y el puesto en el equipo. Summary A survey has been carried out on the effects that pre-season and competition physical preparation, based on ATR Contemporaneus Planning type, have on a professional football team. For the sampling, 26 players with an average age of 25±3,77 years were taken. On one hand, there was an anthropometric test (somatotype, skinfolds addition, IMC, fat mass and muscle mass percentage) and, on the other, there was a functional assessment (explosive force and specific aerobic endurance for football players). The results show a weight increase at midseason with significantly statistic differences. The somatotype changed from Balanced Mesomorphic type (pre-season) to Meso-endomorphic type (during competition), a greater mesomorphy and muscle content (mass) was shown during season, but there was not a significant difference. An important improvement was shown in those parameters related to aerobic endurance. Data collected show a considerable increase in specific strength for the second assessment compared to the first one, but a reduction in the third one as compared to the second one (August-September-December). However, after a change in the training planning, another increase is shown in March. Given the results obtained, it is recommended to get wider specific force blocks balanced with the endurance work and others football qualities, taking into account the competition moment and the position in the team.

Modificaciones morfofuncionales con un sistema de entrenamiento A.T.R. en un equipo de fútbol profesional.

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Análisis electromiográfico y de percepción de esfuerzo del tirante musculador con respecto al ejercicio de medio squat

Indices antropométricos de porporcionalidad corporal de jugadores cadetes y juveniles de rugby

Modificaciones morfofuncionales con un sistema de entrenamiento A.T.R. en un equipo de fútbol profesional.