A systematic review of digital twin about physical entities, virtual models, twin data, and applications

CFD analysis of the characteristics of a proportional flow control valve with an innovative opening shape

This paper discusses a digital twin-based approach for designing and redesigning flexible assembly systems. The digital twin allows modeling the parameters of the production system at different levels including assembly process, production station, and line level. The approach allows dynamically updating the digital twin in runtime, synthesizing data from multiple 2D–3D sensors in order to have up-to-date information about the actual production process. The model integrates both geometrical information and semantics. The model is used in combination with an artificial intelligence logic in order to derive alternative configurations of the production system. The overall approach is discussed with the help of a case study coming from the automotive industry. The case study introduces a production system integrating humans and autonomous mobile dual arm workers.

https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/10/4620/pdf

Digital Twin for Designing and Reconfiguring Human–Robot Collaborative Assembly Lines

A numerical investigation in characteristics of flow force under cavitation state inside the water hydraulic poppet valves

Analysis of a proportional control valve flow coefficient with the usage of a CFD method

Reduction of the flow forces in a small hydraulic seat valve as alternative approach to improve the valve characteristics

A digital twin of a manufacturing system is a digital copy of the physical manufacturing system that consists of various digital models at multiple scales and levels. Digital twins that communicate with their physical counterparts throughout their lifecycle are the basis for data-driven factories. The problem with developing digital models that form the digital twin is that they operate with large amounts of heterogeneous data. Since the models represent simplifications of the physical world, managing the heterogeneous data and linking the data with the digital twin represent a challenge. The paper proposes a five-step approach to planning data-driven digital twins of manufacturing systems and their processes. The approach guides the user from breaking down the system and the underlying building blocks of the processes into four groups. The development of a digital model includes predefined necessary parameters that allow a digital model connecting with a real manufacturing system. The connection enables the control of the real manufacturing system and allows the creation of the digital twin. Presentation and visualization of a system functioning based on the digital twin for different participants is presented in the last step. The suitability of the approach for the industrial environment is illustrated using the case study of planning the digital twin for material logistics of the manufacturing system.

A Five-Step Approach to Planning Data-Driven Digital Twins for Discrete Manufacturing Systems

/pdf/cfd-simulacija-smanjenja-sila-protoka-fluida-u-hidraulicnom-4ysb8au987.pdf

CFD simulacija smanjenja sila protoka fluida u hidrauličnom ventilu

/pdf/piezo-actuators-for-the-use-in-hydraulic-and-pneumatic-3thl2h1g1i.pdf

Piezo actuators for the use in hydraulic and pneumatic valves

This paper presents a new approach of modelling and simulation of hydraulic spool valves by using already known simple mathematical expressions for describing the sliding spool geometry. The main objective of the research is to divide the hydraulic sliding spool into functional elements which can be described analytically. Such models can be implemented as micro components into any hydraulic simulation tool’s library. By using such an approach hydraulic valves can be designed with different shapes of spool metering edges in combination with other functional elements in a very flexible way. The user can find the most appropriate spool construction for the desired hydraulic system performance in a very short time. This can be done in advance before designing the real system. The paper treats and presents only one of the several different geometrical shapes of spool metering edges and corresponding mathematical models of the volume flow characteristics, which we have developed. Simulation results are verified and confirmed with experimental tests using the real valve geometry.

pdf/modelling-of-hydraulic-spool-valves-with-special-designed-5ax47q7dj9.pdf

Modelling of Hydraulic Spool-Valves with Special Designed Metering Edges

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