Glaucoma associated with uveitis

Multifocal Intraocular Lens Explantation: A Case Series of 50 Eyes

RNAs are central to all gene expression through the control of protein synthesis. Four major nucleosides, adenosine, guanosine, cytidine and uridine, compose RNAs and provide sequence variation, but are limited in contributions to structural variation as well as distinct chemical properties. The ability of RNAs to play multiple roles in cellular metabolism is made possible by extensive variation in length, conformational dynamics, and the over 100 post-transcriptional modifications. There are several reviews of the biochemical pathways leading to RNA modification, but the physicochemical nature of modified nucleosides and how they facilitate RNA function is of keen interest, particularly with regard to the contributions of modified nucleosides. Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are the most extensively modified RNAs. The diversity of modifications provide versatility to the chemical and structural environments. The added chemistry, conformation and dynamics of modified nucleosides occurring at the termini of stems in tRNA’s cloverleaf secondary structure affect the global three-dimensional conformation, produce unique recognition determinants for macromolecules to recognize tRNAs, and affect the accurate and efficient decoding ability of tRNAs. This review will discuss the impact of specific chemical moieties on the structure, stability, electrochemical properties, and function of tRNAs.

https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/7/1/29/pdf

Chemical and Conformational Diversity of Modified Nucleosides Affects tRNA Structure and Function

Purpose: To evaluate the extent of capsular bag shrinkage after cataract surgery with intraocular lens (IOL) implantation and develop a regression formula to predict postoperative capsular bag size.

Setting: Eye Hospital, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.

Methods: The axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth, and corneal radius in 58 eyes were measured preoperatively. Cataract surgery was by phacoemulsification followed by implantation of a 3-piece, acrylic, posterior chamber IOL. The capsular bag diameter and anterior capsulorhexis were measured intraoperatively and 1 day and 1, 3, and 6 months postoperatively using a Koch capsule measuring ring (HumanOptics).

Results: The mean capsular bag size was 10.53 mm intraoperatively, 10.31 mm at 1 day, 9.62 mm at 1 month, 9.07 mm at 3 months, and 9.01 mm at 6 months. The mean capsular bag shrinkage over the entire postoperative period was 14.8% (P<.001). Of the parameters studied, only AL had a positive correlation with capsule shrinkage. The correlation was moderate but statistically significant (P = .001).

Conclusions: A correlation was found between capsular bag shrinkage and AL. Using preoperative biometric data, a regression formula of moderate validity was determined to predict capsular bag shrinkage.

Capsule measuring ring to predict capsular bag diameter and follow its course after foldable intraocular lens implantation

Purpose: To evaluate the long-term outcome in eyes having primary anterior chamber intraocular lens (AC IOL) implantation. Setting: Kimura Eye and Internal Medicine Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan. Methods: Primary AC IOL implantation was performed in 171 eyes from 1983 to 1988. Two lenses were implanted: the open C-loop Simcoe lens and the 4-point fixation Kelman lens. In 86 eyes that had a mean follow-up of 9 years 7 months, visual acuity, corneal endothelial cell density, pupil shape, and the presence of associated complications were examined. Results: Although the final visual acuity was 0.5 or better in 60 eyes (69%), corneal endothelial cell density was less than 2000 cells/mm2 in 46 eyes (57%). Postoperative complications included a deformed pupil in 48 eyes (56%) and bullous keratopathy in 12 eyes (14%). In 14 eyes the AC IOL was explanted; 11 of these were the open C-loop Simcoe lens. Conclusion: Although our findings show that the open C-loop AC IOL (Simcoe) is contraindicated, implantation of the 4-point fixation AC IOL may be acceptable in selected cases.

Long-term follow-up of primary anterior chamber intraocular lens implantation

We conducted a retrospective review of 102 patients who had intraocular lens (IOL) explantation or exchange over a 7.5 year period. Seventy-one patients had IOL exchange while 31 had lens removal without exchange. Anterior chamber IOLs comprised 66.7% of the lenses removed. The most frequent indication for anterior chamber IOL explantation was pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PBK), followed by the uveitis-glaucoma-hyphema syndrome and cystoid macular edema. Of the IOLs removed, 17.6% were irissupported, with PBK being the most common indication for removal. Posterior chamber IOLs comprised 15.7% of the explanted lenses in this series. Lens dislocation/decentration was the leading indication for IOL removal in the posterior chamber IOL group. Among the 71 patients who had IOL exchange, 71.8% received an anterior chamber lens and 28.2% received a posterior chamber lens. Visual outcome following IOL exchange or removal showed that 40 patients (39%) improved, 47 patients (46%) had the same vision, and 15 patients (15%) had worse vision postoperatively. The most common reason for a worsening of vision postoperatively was corneal decompensation, followed by glaucoma and cystoid macular edema. Analysis of the clinical results revealed that 86.3% of the patients who had an exchange with an anterior chamber IOL had a successful outcome with either improvement or stabilization of the ocular condition. Nineh~ percent of the patients wlio received a posterior chamber IOL had a successful clinical outcome.

Intraocular lens explantation and exchange. A review of lens styles, clinical indications, clinical results, and visual outcome.

Quantitative aspects of metal ion binding to certain transfer RNA anticodon loop modified nucleosides.

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Intraocular lens explantation and exchange. A review of lens styles, clinical indications, clinical results, and visual outcome.

Quantitative aspects of metal ion binding to certain transfer RNA anticodon loop modified nucleosides.