Dielectric barrier discharges (silent discharges) are used to excite a large number of excimers radiating in the VUV, UV or visible spectral range. The excited species include rare-gas dimers, halogen dimers as well as rare-gas halogen excimers and mercury halogen excimers. In many cases narrow-band UV radiation of typically 1–17 nm halfwidth and remarkable efficiency (1–10%) could be generated. Thus, dielectric barrier discharges provide a simple, versatile arrangement to study the basic reaction kinetics of excimer formation and also bear a substantial potential for large-scale industrial UV processes.

Generation of excimer emission in dielectric barrier discharges

Stimulated emission pumping (SEP) is a new method for sub‐Doppler spectroscopy and efficient state‐selective preparation of highly excited rotational–vibrational levels of small molecules. The sensitivity of SEP has been examined by exciting the I2(B 0+u–X 1Σ+g) 17–0 P(38) line and stimulating the P(38) and R(36) lines of the 17–11, 17–10, and 17–9 bands. All observed effects when the two laser pulses were temporally separated could be accounted for by a master equation model.

Selective vibrational excitation by stimulated emission pumping

An in extenso analysis of the (B-X) I2 iodine absorption spectrum recorded by means of Fourier Transform Spectroscopy is presented. It is shown that the 100 000 recorded transitions covering the 11 000-20 040 cm-1 range and published in several Atlases may be recalculated by means of only 46 constants : 45 are Dunham coefficients describing the vibrational and rotational constants of both X state (up to v" = 19) and B state (up to v' = 80, situated only at 1.6 cm-1 from the dissociation limit of the B state), and one empirical scaling factor which takes account of neglected centrifugal constants higher than Mv. The overall standard error between computed and measured wavenumbers is equal to 0.002 cm -1 in agreement with the differences of numerous independent absolute wavenumbers and the computed ones.

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/jpa-00210032/document

Description of the absorption spectrum of iodine recorded by means of Fourier Transform Spectroscopy : the (B-X) system

Although the diatomic halogens are endowed with a wide range of intravalence-shell electronic states, the number and variety of these states is far from obvious in one-photon absorption from the ground state where only a few regions of structured absorption are present at visible and UV wavelengths. Selection rules on angular momentum and parity are key players in enforcing this sparse structure, but Franck- Condon effects also exercise considerable influence by directing transitions into regions where the transition dipole is small o r into a continuum where much of the detail is lost: further, a simultaneous excitation of two o r more electrons is formally forbidden in single-photon transitions. Some of the obstacles to one-photon absorption are avoided in the sequential absorption of two o r three photons using the conveniently placed, low-lying excited sQtes in the visible region for the initial step, in effect broadening the perspective from the ground state to include that from the lower ex...

Multiphoton Spectra and States of Halogens

A 2 ps pulse derived by frequency doubling the amplified output of a CW mode-locked dye laser has been used to probe the gain characteristics of XeCl in the 308 nm region. Energy saturation parameters were measured for the four main laser transition. The gain kinetics of XeCl were investigated by observing the temporal gain recovery after the passage of a saturating picosecond pulse, and the contribution of the various relaxation processes to the XeCl gain dynamics is discussed. Evidence suggests that vibrational relaxation in the upper laser level is incomplete during the effective lifetime of XeCl*. Taken together, these measurements have permitted the determination of a stimulated emission cross section of general utility. To demonstrate the potential of XeCl for high power amplification, a picosecond pulse was amplified to a power of ∼20 GW.

Picosecond amplification and kinetic studies of XeCl

Reanalysis of the D → X fluorescence spectrum of I2

Energy ordering of the B and C states in XeCl, XeBr, and KrCl, from temperature dependence of emission spectra

A method for studying the pressure and temperature dependence of rare gas halide and halogen emissions is described. The tesla discharge utilized in this method is characterized in detail with respect to its temporal behavior and its radiant output. The light is found to be produced in moderately intense pulses as short as 0.5 μs in duration. Average dc radiant powers for strong emitters can exceed 5 mW. The method appears suitable for the study of most emitters that can be produced by electron beam excitation.

The tesla discharge as a spectroscopic source for the study of excimer laser transitions.

The OH A2Σ+ → X2Π system is used as a diagnostic tool for temperature measurements of Tesla discharges in Ar and He seeded with 0.5 torr H2O. From relative intensities of low-N′ lines in the 0-0 band we obtain temperatures which are independent of pressure for the range 100–650 torr and which are only a few degrees higher than the estimated wall temperatures. A check on the theoretical line strengths for OH A → X shows 1% agreement for main-branch transitions but only 5% agreement for satellite lines. Self-absorption problems are encountered and corrected for in the He discharge work; from the ≈10% magnitude of the correction, there are significant amounts (8 mtorr) of ground-state OH produced in the He Tesla discharge.

Temperatures of Tesla discharges from OH A → X intensity measurements

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Papers

Reanalysis of the D → X fluorescence spectrum of I2

Energy ordering of the B and C states in XeCl, XeBr, and KrCl, from temperature dependence of emission spectra

The tesla discharge as a spectroscopic source for the study of excimer laser transitions.

Temperatures of Tesla discharges from OH A → X intensity measurements