A system and method for communicating information between a first party and a second party, comprising the steps of receiving, by an intermediary, an identifier of desired information and accounting information for a transaction involving the information from the first party, transmitting an identifier of the first party to the second party, and negotiating, by the intermediary, a comprehension function for obscuring at least a portion of the information communicated between the first party and the second party. The data transmission may be made secure with respect to the intermediary by providing an asymmetric key or direct key exchange for encryption of the communication between the first and second party. The data transmission may be made secure with respect to the second party by maintaining the information in encrypted format at the second party, with the decryption key held only by the intermediary, and transmitting a secure composite of the decryption key and a new encryption key to the second party for transcoding of the data record, and providing the new decryption key to the first party, so that the information transmitted to the first party can be comprehended by it.

System and method for secure three-party communications

In this paper, the fundamental insecurities hampering a scalable, wide-spread deployment of biometric authentication are examined, and a cryptosystem capable of using fingerprint data as its key is presented. For our application, we focus on situations where a private key stored on a smartcard is used for authentication in a networked environment, and we assume an attacker can launch o -line attacks against a stolen card.Juels and Sudan's fuzzy vault is used as a starting point for building and analyzing a secure authentication scheme using fingerprints and smartcards called a figerprint vault. Fingerprint minutiae coordinates mi are encoded as elements in a nite eld F and the secret key is encoded in a polynomial f(x) over F[x]. The polynomial is evaluated at the minutiae locations, and the pairs (mi, f(mi)) are stored along with random (ci, di) cha points such that di ≠ f(ci). Given a matching fingerprint, a valid user can seperate out enough true points from the cha points to reconstruct f(x), and hence the original secret key.The parameters of the vault are selected such that the attacker's vault unlocking complexity is maximized, subject to zero unlocking complexity with a matching fingerprint and a reasonable amount of error. For a feature location measurement variance of 9 pixels, the optimal vault is 269 times more difficult to unlock for an attacker compared to a user posessing a matching fingerprint, along with approximately a 30% chance of unlocking failure.

Secure smartcardbased fingerprint authentication

A survey of approaches combining safety and security for industrial control systems

A system and method authenticates users via any two or three of 1) Something the user knows; 2) Something the user has; and 3) A physical characteristic of the user.

System and method for authenticating users using two or more factors

With the fast development in ad hoc wireless communications and vehicular technology, it is foreseeable that, in the near future, traffic information will be collected and disseminated in real-time by mobile sensors instead of fixed sensors used in the current infrastructure-based traffic information systems. A distributed network of vehicles such as a vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) can easily turn into an infrastructure-less self-organizing traffic information system, where any vehicle can participate in collecting and reporting useful traffic information such as section travel time, flow rate, and density. Disseminating traffic information relies on broadcasting protocols. Recently, there have been a significant number of broadcasting protocols for VANETs reported in the literature. In this paper, we classify and provide an in-depth review of these protocols.

A Review of Information Dissemination Protocols for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

SESAMEV4 is a security architecture that supports role based access control with single sign-on facilities for heterogenous distributed network environments. Several vulnerabilities are identified in SESAMEV4's user authentication process. This paper proposes four options for enhancing this user authentication process by integrating smart cards into SESAMEV4. The proposals are shown to successfully increase the level of security of SESAMEV4 and will be shown to correctly operate with existing SESAMEV4 applications and servers, with no modifications required to the applications or servers.

Enhancing SESAMEV4 with smart cards

A heterogeneous location network is one that derives location information from multiple sources and provides various location based services to users irrespective of the device used. User privacy is an important issue that needs to be addressed for the growth of heterogeneous location networks. We propose a secure framework for assuring user privacy in heterogeneous location networks. We also present lightweight cryptographic protocols along with an analysis of the computation requirements and security capabilities of the proposed framework.

A Secure Framework for User Privacy in Heterogeneous Location Networks

Secret-sharing schemes describe methods to securely share a secret among a group of participants. A properly constructed secret-sharing scheme guarantees that the share belonging to one participant does not reveal anything about the shares of others or even the secret itself. Besides being used to distribute a secret, secret-sharing schemes have also been used in secure multi-party computations and redundant residue number systems for error correction codes. In this paper, we propose that the secret-sharing scheme be used as a primitive in a Network-based Intrusion Detection System (NIDS) to detect attacks in encrypted Networks. Encrypted networks such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) fully encrypt network traffic which can include both malicious and non-malicious traffic. Traditional NIDS cannot monitor such encrypted traffic. We therefore describe how our work uses a combination of Shamir's secret-sharing scheme and randomised network proxies to enable a traditional NIDS to function normally in a VPN environment.

Detecting Attacks in Encrypted Networks using Secret-sharing Schemes

SESAMEV4 is a security architecture that supports role based access control with single sign-on facilities for heterogenous distributed network environments. Several vulnerabilities are identified in SESAMEV4’s user authentication process. This paper proposes four options for enhancing this user authentication process by integrating smart cards into SESAMEV4. The proposals are shown to successfully increase the level of security of SESAMEV4 and will be shown to correctly operate with existing SESAMEV4 applications and servers, with no modifications required to the applications or servers.

Enhancing SESAMEV4 with Smart Cards

Proximity-Based Network Packet Filtering for IEEE 802.11 Wireless Devices

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