This invention provides methods of monitoring the expression levels of a multiplicity of genes. The methods involve hybridizing a nucleic acid sample to a high density array of oligonucleotide probes where the high density array contains oligonucleotide probes complementary to subsequences of target nucleic acids in the nucleic acid sample. In one embodiment, the method involves providing a pool of target nucleic acids comprising RNA transcripts of one or more target genes, or nucleic acids derived from the RNA transcripts, hybridizing said pool of nucleic acids to an array of oligonucleotide probes immobilized on surface, where the array comprising more than 100 different oligonucleotides and each different oligonucleotide is localized in a predetermined region of the surface, the density of the different oligonucleotides is greater than about 60 different oligonucleotides per 1 cm2, and the oligonucleotide probes are complementary to the RNA transcripts or nucleic acids derived from the RNA transcripts; and quantifying the hybridized nucleic acids in the array.

Expression monitoring by hybridization to high density oligonucleotide arrays

The invention relates to transgenic non-human animals capable of producing heterologous antibodies and methods for producing human sequence antibodies which bind to human antigens with substantial affinity.

Transgenic non-human animals capable of producing heterologous antibodies

The bending locus of trypanosome kinetoplast DNA, identified by gel electrophoresis, has tracts of a simple repeat sequence (CA5–6 T) symmetrically distributed about it, with a repeat interval of 10 base pairs The analogous bending induced when catabolite gene activating protein binds to its recognition sequence near the promoter of the Escherichia coli lac operon is centred on a site about 5–7 base pairs away from the centre of the protein binding site

The locus of sequence-directed and protein-induced DNA bending

A method and apparatus for preparation of a substrate containing a plurality of sequences. Photoremovable groups are attached to a surface of a substrate. Selected regions of the substrate are exposed to light so as to activate the selected areas. A monomer, also containing a photoremovable group, is provided to the substrate to bind at the selected areas. The process is repeated using a variety of monomers such as amino acids until sequences of a desired length are obtained. Detection methods and apparatus are also disclosed.

Very large scale immobilized polymer synthesis

Deoxyoligonucleotides can now be synthesized rapidly and in high yield because of recent advances in nucleic acid chemistry. Key innovations include solid-phase synthesis on silica-based supports and the development of stable deoxynucleoside phosphoramidites as synthons. When incorporated into manual, semiautomatic, or automatic instruments, these new procedures can be used to prepare probes, mixed probes, deoxyoligonucleotides for priming DNA synthesis, analogues of deoxyoligonucleotides, and DNA segments containing more than 100 deoxynucleotides.

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/230/4723/281.full.pdf

Gene synthesis machines: DNA chemistry and its uses

New and useful intermediate nucleotides bound to an inorganic polymer support, including the preparation thereof, and processes for the conversion to oligonucleotides which are especially useful for the synthesis of polynucleotides, particularly ribonucleic (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acids (DNA).

Process for preparing polynucleotides

Nucleosides useful in the preparation of polynucleotides

Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the chemical synthesis of deoxy oligonucleotides by the phosphoramidite method. It discusses the synthesis methodology; detailed protocols for preparing the silica support, the phosphoramidite, and deoxy oligonucleotides; and the purification of synthetic deoxyribo nucleic acid (DNA). The phosphite triester approach to DNA synthesis using deoxynucleoside phosphoramidite as synthons has become the method of choice for the preparation of deoxy oligonucleotides. The general synthetic strategy involves adding mononucleotides sequentially to a deoxynucleoside, attached covalently to a silica-based insoluble polymeric support. Reagents, starting materials, and side products are then removed simply by filtration. At the conclusion of the synthesis, the deoxy oligonucleotide is chemically freed of blocking groups, hydrolyzed from the support, and purified to homogeneity by either polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) or high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These preformed synthons are especially attractive for preparing DNA on automatic or semiautomatic DNA synthesizers, or for those who plan to manually synthesize a large number of deoxy oligonucleotides.

Chemical synthesis of deoxyoligonucleotides by the phosphoramidite method.

Chemical Synthesis and Biological Studies on Mutated Gene-control Regions

Modified inorganic polymers represented by the formula
 wherein Ⓟ is an inorganic polymer linked to the 3' or 5' -0- of the nucleoside through a base hydrolyzable covalent bond; R is H or a blocking group; R is a hydrocarbyl radical containing up to 10 carbons; each B is a nucleoside or deoxynucleoside base; and each A is H or OR. Said inorganic polymers are chemically bound to a nucleoside. The chemical bonding of the nucleoside moiety to the inorganic polymer is by means of reactive groups on the polymer which react with reactive groups of the nucleoside molecule. Such modified inorganic polymer supports are useful in the stepwise addition of nucleosides or oligonucleotides to the original nucleoside moiety of the support by a series of process steps. The starting nucleoside which is blocked in either the 3'- or the 5'-OH and the nucleoside is coupled through the unblocked hydroxy group to the polymer support bythe coupling agent. Furthermore an automated apparatus for producing a modified silica gel which is an example of a modified inorganic polymer is shown.

Process for producing modified inorganic polymers, their use in producing polynucleotides, and a reagent useful in these processes

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Mark D. Matteucci

Author Tools

Chat about Author