The present invention relates to the discovery, identification and characterization of toxic agents which are lethal to pathogens and methods for targeting such toxic agents to a pathogen or pathogen infected cells in order to treat and/or eradicate the infection. In particular, the present invention relates to toxic agents which target bacteria at different stages of the bacterial life cycle, which are delivered alone or in combination to bacteria or bacteria-infected cells. The invention relates to toxic agents which are lethal to diseased cells and methods for targeting such toxic agents to a diseased cell in order to treat and/or eradicate the disease. The present invention relates to promoter elements which are pathogen-specific or tissue-specific and the use of such promoter elements to achieve pathogen-specific or tissue-specific expression of the toxic agent(s) and/or ribozyme(s) of the present invention. Specifically, the invention relates to the delivery of one or more toxic gene products, antisense RNAs, or ribozymes, or combination thereof. The invention provides a novel system by which multiple pathogenic targets may be simultaneously targeted to cause the death of a pathogen, or cell infected with a pathogen. Further, the invention has important implications in the eradication of drug-resistant bacterium and bacterial pathogens. The invention provides a novel system by which multiple targets may be simultaneously targeted to cause the death of a diseased cell. The invention has important implications in the eradication of drug-resistant pathogens (such as antibiotic resistant bacteria) and drug-resistant diseased cells (such as drug-resistant cancer cells).

Tissue-specific and pathogen-specific toxic agents and ribozymes

Provided herein are methods, processes and apparatuses for non-invasive assessment of genetic variations.

Methods and processes for non-invasive assessment of genetic variations

A slotted pin tool, a delivery system containing the pin tool, a substrate for use I the system and methods using the pin tool and system are provided. The slotted pin tool contains a plurality of pins having slotted ends designed to fit around each loci of material deposited on a surface, such as a microarray, without contacting any of the deposited material. Sample is delivered by contacting the pin tool with the surface; the amount delivered is proportional to the velocity of the pin tool as it contacts the surface or the velocity of the liquid when movement of the pin is halted.

Method and apparatus for delivery of submicroliter volumes onto a substrate

Provided are compositions and processes that utilize genomic regions differentially methylated between a mother and her fetus to separate, isolate or enrich fetal nucleic acid from a maternal sample. The compositions and processes described herein are useful for non-invasive prenatal diagnostics, including the detection of chromosomal aneuplodies.

Processes and compositions for methylation-based enrichment of fetal nucleic acid from a maternal sample useful for non invasive prenatal diagnoses

Methods and devices are provided for manipulating droplets on a support using surface tension properties, moving the droplets along a predetermined path and merging two droplets together enabling a number of chemical reactions. Disclosed are methods for controlling the droplets volumes. Disclosed are methods and devices for synthesizing at least one oligonucleotide having a predefined sequence. Disclosed are methods and devices for synthesizing and/or assembling at least one polynucleotide product having a predefined sequence from a plurality of different oligonucleotides having a predefined sequence. In exemplary embodiments, the methods involve synthesis and/or amplification of different oligonucleotides immobilized on a solid support, release of synthesized/amplified oligonucleotides in solution to form droplets, recognition and removal of error-containing oligonucleotides, moving or combining two droplets to allow hybridization and/or ligation between two different oligonucleotides, and further chain extension reaction following hybridization and/or ligation to hierarchically generate desired length of polynucleotide products.

Methods and Microfluidic Devices for the Manipulation of Droplets in High Fidelity Polynucleotide Assembly

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for performing a large number of reactions using array assembly. In particular, the present invention features a method and apparatus for performing a large number of chemical and biological reactions by bringing two arrays into close apposition and allowing reactants on the surfaces of two arrays to come into contact. The present invention is exemplified by performing a large number of polynucleotide amplification reactions using array assembly. In addition, the present invention features a method and apparatus for coupling the amplification of polynucleotides and the detection of sequence variations, expression levels, and functions thereof.

Method and apparatus for performing large numbers of reactions using array assembly with releasable primers

Method and apparatus for performing large numbers of reactions using array assembly

La presente invention concerne un procede et un appareil destines a produire un grand nombre de reactions au moyen d'une plaque matrice. Cette invention concerne, en particulier, un procede et un appareil destines a produire un grand nombre de reactions chimiques et biologiques en placant deux plaques matrices en apposition et en permettant aux reactifs situes a la surface des ces deux plaques d'entrer en contact. L'invention est illustree par la production d'un grand nombre de reactions inherentes a l'amplification de polynucleotides au moyen d'une plaque matrice. En outre, la presente invention concerne un procede et un appareil destines a coupler l'amplification de polynucleotides, la detection de variations de sequences, de niveaux d'expression et de fonctions correspondantes.

Procede et appareil destines a produire un grand nombre de reactions au moyen d'une plaque matrice

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Method and apparatus for performing large numbers of reactions using array assembly with releasable primers

Method and apparatus for performing large numbers of reactions using array assembly

Procede et appareil destines a produire un grand nombre de reactions au moyen d'une plaque matrice