Reversing the ongoing degradation of the planet's ecosystems requires timely and detailed monitoring of ecosystem change and uses. Yet, the System of National Accounts (SNA), first developed in response to the economic crisis of the 1930s and used by statistical offices worldwide to record economic activity (for example, production, consumption, and asset accumulation), does not make explicit either inputs from the environment to the economy or the cost of environmental degradation (1, 2). Experimental Ecosystem Accounting (EEA), part of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA), has been developed to monitor and report on ecosystem change and use, using the same accounting approach, concepts, and classifications as the SNA (3). The EEA is part of the statistical community's response to move SNA measurement “beyond gross domestic product (GDP).” With the first generation of ecosystem accounts now published in 24 countries, and with a push to finalize a United Nations (UN) statistical standard for ecosystem accounting by 2021, we highlight key advances, challenges, and opportunities.

Progress in natural capital accounting for ecosystems

Gross Ecosystem Product (GEP) is a concept that reflects ecological product value by using geospatial technology. It can demonstrate the spatial distribution of ecological products and provide new perspectives and refined support for spatial planning. China’s county-level regions are important units for the promotion of ecological product value. Based on the concept of GEP, this study evaluated the ecological product value of China’s county-level regions in 2020, used Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) to visualise spatial patterns and conducted a correlation analysis between the GEP indices and economic and land use factors. The study found that the results of evaluation and analysis varied by spatial distribution: (1) county-level regions with high provisioning service indices are concentrated in northeastern China and southeastern China; (2) county-level regions with high regulating service indices are concentrated south of the Yangtze River and in the southern region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau; (3) county-level regions with high cultural service indices are concentrated in southeastern China; (4) county-level regions with high composite GEP indices are concentrated in northeastern China. The results have different correlations with different factors, reflecting the complex mechanisms behind ecological value transformation. For example, the composite GEP index for an area has a strong positive correlation with the area’s proportions of woodland area, water area and GDP.

/pdf/a-study-on-the-spatial-pattern-of-the-ecological-product-2hukd64x.pdf

A Study on the Spatial Pattern of the Ecological Product Value of China’s County-Level Regions Based on GEP Evaluation

Целью статьи является систематизация существующих показателей устойчивого развития на микроуровне, адаптация показателей к современной российской экономике и выдвижение предложений по их использованию в статистической отчетности. Идентифицированы блоки экономических, экологических, социальных, управленческих, финансовых показателей устойчивого развития компаний. Выявлены факторы, влияющие на объем и содержание отчетности в сфере устойчивого развития. Уточнены минимальные требования к показателям устойчивого развития. Результаты работы могут использоваться специалистами по составлению отчетности в сфере устойчивого развития компаний. Необходимы дальней ие исследования в рамках создаваемого национального стандарта ESG.
 The purpose of the article is to systematize the existing indicators of sustainable development at the micro level, adapt the indicators to the modern Russian economy and put forward proposals for their use in statistical reporting. Blocks of economic, environmental, social, managerial, financial indicators of sustainable development of companies are identified. The factors affecting volume and content of reporting in the field of sustainable development have been revealed. The minimum requirements for sustainable development indicators have been specified. The results of the paper can be used by reporting specialists in the field of sustainable development of companies. Further research is needed within the framework of the emerging national ESG standard.

About reporting in the field of sustainable development

The paper highlights that genetic diversity of wheat is the basis for higher resistance of plants to bad environmental conditions and higher crop yield, which can be achieved by including genetic resources similar to species and varieties in the hybridization. The authors estimate the basic criteria of race non-specific resistance to leaf and stem rust of synthetic lines which contain Ae. Tausсhii genome. The Research was conducted  at the experimental field of Omsk State Agrarian University in 2016-2017. The paper explores  juvenile resistance of synthetic lines during inoculation of seedlings by 4 isolates of Puccinia triticina pathogens isolated from brown rust populations collected on wheat crops in Leningrad, Tambov, Chelyabinsk regions and the Krasnodar Territory. The authors shift the synthetic lines, which are recommended as initial material for selection on race non-specific resistance to leaf and stem rust: No. 5 Langdon / Ku-2096, No. 9 Ukr-Od 952.92 / Ae. sq.(1031), №14 Langdon / Ku -2075, №19 Ukr-Od 1530.94 / Ae. sq.(1027), No. 21 Langdon / Ku20-9, No. 22 Langdon / Ig 48042, No. 24 Aisberg / Ae. sq.(511), No. 29 Langdon / IG 126387, No. 42 UKR-Od 1530.94 / Ae. sq.(310) and No. 52 Langdon / Ku-2100. The authors identify gene resistance to brown rust and conducted genotyping of the synthetic lines by SNP-markers associated with resistant gene to stem rust Sr2. The researchers outline synthetic lines №19 UKR-Od 1530.94 / Ae. sq.(1027) which carries a combination of resistant genes  Lr34 + Lr39 (Lr41), characterized by high resistance in the later stage of development in Omsk and Leningrad regions; and №24 Aisberg / Ae. sq.(511) with age resistant  gene to stem rust Sr2, characterized by moderate resistance to stem rust populations in the conditions of Western Siberia.

/pdf/iskhodnyi-material-s-genomom-ae-tauschii-dlia-selektsii-na-ayx055jr6h.pdf

Исходный материал с геномом Ae. Tauschii для селекции на расонеспецифическую устойчивость к бурой и стеблевой ржавчине

The article discusses the main characteristics of the international statistical standard «System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 2012 – Central Framework» (SEEA) in terms of the Environmental Goods and Services Sector (EGSS) developing as well as the provisions of the Eurostat methodological guidelines which are designed to facilitate the monitoring of progress in the EU policy priorities implementation in the field of environmental protection, rational resource management and «green» growth economy. The authors presented a brief overview of publications made by Rosstat specialists and Russian scientists in the field of environmental protection.The body of article defines practical recommendations on the EGSS implementation into statistical practice in Russia: both the justified approach for compilation the list of environmental goods and services, and the identified statistics sources for calculation the EGSS indicators, as well as an algorithm for their calculation developed by the authors. The recommendations provided in this article are the methodological framework for environmental goods and services accounting.According to the authors, the study findings will permit further development of methodological guidelines for the EGSS compilation accordance with the Action Plan («Roadmap») for the Implementation of Priority Accounts of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.

Implementation of the Environmental Goods and Services Accounting into the Statistical Practice of the Russian Federation

The article outlines the international standard, System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA) – Central Framework, adopted by the UN in 2015 as the basis for developing 23 indicators of the Sustainable Development Goals. Statistical data from SEEA accounts provide the comprehensive assessment of environment, help identify trends and consequences of human impact on nature, serve as a tool for the formation and implementation of environmental policy in general, and help in monitoring the implementation of international obligations and recommendations including sustainable development areas.A separate section of the article covers specific features of SEEA implementation in selected countries of the world. There is an elaborate reflection of the work on the introduction of this standard to the Russian Federation, carried out by the Federal State Statistics Service. The authors believe that the need for a certain sequence of actions associated with the development and implementation of SEEA accounts gives impetus (in the short term) for the application of priority accounts, guided by the roadmap for the SEEA priority accounts implementation, approved by the order of the Government of the Russian Federation. The information base built using these accounts is necessary for conducting international comparisons, calculations of SDG indicators and green economy indicators.

Current Issues in the Implementation of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting

Assessment of the siberian collection of spring wheat on resistance to stem rust in the southern forest-steppe of western siberia

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Current Issues in the Implementation of the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting

Assessment of the siberian collection of spring wheat on resistance to stem rust in the southern forest-steppe of western siberia

Implementation of the Environmental Goods and Services Accounting into the Statistical Practice of the Russian Federation