The advent of negative index materials has spawned extensive research into metamaterials over the past decade. Metamaterials are attractive not only for their exotic electromagnetic properties, but also their promise for applications. A particular branch–the metamaterial perfect absorber (MPA)–has garnered interest due to the fact that it can achieve unity absorptivity of electromagnetic waves. Since its first experimental demonstration in 2008, the MPA has progressed significantly with designs shown across the electromagnetic spectrum, from microwave to optical. In this Progress Report we give an overview of the field and discuss a selection of examples and related applications. The ability of the MPA to exhibit extreme performance flexibility will be discussed and the theory underlying their operation and limitations will be established. Insight is given into what we can expect from this rapidly expanding field and future challenges will be addressed.

https://www.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/adma.201200674

Metamaterial Electromagnetic Wave Absorbers

In this paper, a new approach for the development of planar metamaterial structures is developed. For this purpose, split-ring resonators (SRRs) and complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) coupled to planar transmission lines are investigated. The electromagnetic behavior of these elements, as well as their coupling to the host transmission line, are studied, and analytical equivalent-circuit models are proposed for the isolated and coupled SRRs/CSRRs. From these models, the stopband/passband characteristics of the analyzed SRR/CSRR loaded transmission lines are derived. It is shown that, in the long wavelength limit, these stopbands/passbands can be interpreted as due to the presence of negative/positive values for the effective /spl epsiv/ and /spl mu/ of the line. The proposed analysis is of interest in the design of compact microwave devices based on the metamaterial concept.

Equivalent-circuit models for split-ring resonators and complementary split-ring resonators coupled to planar transmission lines

Mie resonance-based dielectric metamaterials

Mechanical metamaterials associated with stiffness, rigidity and compressibility: a brief review

The resonant elements that grant metamaterials their unique properties have the fundamental limitation of restricting their useable frequency bandwidth The development of frequency-agile metamaterials has helped to alleviate these bandwidth restrictions by allowing real-time tuning of the metamaterial frequency response We demonstrate electrically-controlled persistent frequency tuning of a metamaterial, allowing lasting modification of its response using a transient stimulus This work demonstrates a form of memory capacitance which interfaces metamaterials with a class of devices known collectively as memory devices

Memory Metamaterials

Metamaterials with Negative Parameters

In this paper, a compact and narrowband microstrip band-pass structure based on complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) etched in the back metal level (ground plane) is presented. Specifically, the structure is a two-stage CSRR-based device, where a series gap is etched in the output CSRR stage and two shunt stubs are added in the input cell. By these means we obtain a narrow and quite symmetric band-pass structure. A prototype device with 2% fractional bandwidth has been designed and fabricated for operation at the S-band. The dimensions of the device are as small as 14.6 × 11 mm, while high-frequency selectivity is achieved at both band edges due to the presence of two transmission zeros. To demonstrate the possibility to control the bandwidth over a narrow band, a wider (10% bandwidth) filter has been also designed and fabricated. These structures can be of interest for application in narrow band-pass filters where miniaturization and compatibility with planar technologies are key issues. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 46: 508–512, 2005; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21031

Application of Complementary Split-Ring Resonators to the Design of Compact Narrow Band-Pass Structures in Microstrip Technology

A new planar left-handed propagating medium consisting on a microstrip line with complementary split ring resonators (SRR) etched on the ground plane that produces a negative dielectric permitivity is presented. The necessary negative magnetic permeability is achieved by capacitive gaps periodically spaced along the strip conductor. Using EM duality theorem, it is shown that a complementary split ring resonator produces an equivalent response to that of a negative dielectric permitivity. In this way, the complete structure permits negative wave propagation in a narrow frequency band. The measured transmission coefficient in the fabricated prototype exhibits reasonable insertion losses in the pass band and high frequency selectivity. Thanks to the sub-lambda operation of the Dual-SRRs and its easy tunability, these structures are a potential candidate for the design of very compact microwave circuits based on left handedness.

Left-handed metamaterial based on dual split ring resonators in microstrip technology

Special issue on metamaterial structures, phenomena, and applications

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