An appropriate and safe behavior for exiting a facility is key to reducing injuries and increasing survival when facing an emergency evacuation in a building. Knowledge on the best evacuation practice is commonly delivered by traditional training approaches such as videos, posters, or evacuation drills, but they may become ineffective in terms of knowledge acquisition and retention. Serious games (SGs) are an innovative approach devoted to training and educating people in a gaming environment. Recently, increasing attention has been paid to immersive virtual reality (IVR)-based SGs for evacuation knowledge delivery and behavior assessment because they are highly engaging and promote greater cognitive learning. This paper aims to understand the development and implementation of IVR SGs in the context of building evacuation training and research, applied to various indoor emergencies such as fire and earthquake. Thus, a conceptual framework for effective design and implementation through the systematic literature review method was developed. As a result, this framework integrates critical aspects and provides connections between them, including pedagogical and behavioral impacts, gaming environment development, and outcome and participation experience measures.

pdf/immersive-virtual-reality-serious-games-for-evacuation-1jb349rqjc.pdf

Immersive virtual reality serious games for evacuation training and research: A systematic literature review

 This study proposes a role-playing experiment to explore the value of modern
impact-based weather forecasts on the decision-making process to (i) issue
warnings and manage the official emergency response under uncertainty and
(ii) communicate and trigger protective action at different levels of the
warning system across Europe Here, flood or strong-wind game simulations
seek to represent the players' realistic uncertainties and dilemmas
embedded in the real-time forecasting-warning processes The game was first
tested in two scientific workshops in Finland and France, where European
researchers, developers, forecasters and civil protection representatives
played the simulations Two other game sessions were organized afterwards
(i) with undergraduate university students in France and (ii) with Finnish
stakeholders involved in the management of hazardous weather emergencies
First results indicate that multi-model developments and crowdsourcing tools
increase the level of confidence in the decision-making under pressure We
found that the role-playing approach facilitates interdisciplinary
cooperation and argumentation on emergency response in a fun and interactive
manner The ANYCaRE experiment was proposed, therefore, as a valuable learning
tool to enhance participants' understanding of the complexities and
challenges met by various actors in weather-related emergency management

/pdf/anycare-a-role-playing-game-to-investigate-crisis-decision-53b2mhep3o.pdf

ANYCaRE: a role-playing game to investigate crisis decision-making and communication challenges in weather-related hazards

Fire simulation-based adaptation of SmartRescue App for serious game

This paper presents a simulation engine we implemented to support an interactive emergency simulation game. We first discuss various issues on building serious (non-entertainment) games involving the simulation of real life situations. The discussion also considers the use of geographical information systems and dynamic modeling techniques. Then, we present the architecture of the simulation engine and discuss the main aspects regarding its application to emergency plans. Finally, we briefly describe a prototype built to validate the proposed architecture and the requirements raised in the discussion. Resumo. Neste trabalho apresentamos um simulador implementado para atender as necessidades de jogos interativos simulando situacoes de emergencia. Inicialmente, apresentamos os problemas inerentes ao desenvolvimento de jogos serios (sem proposito de entretenimento) que envolvem a simulacao de situacoes do mundo real. A discussao tambem considera a adocao de sistemas de informacao geografica e de tecnicas de modelagem dinâmica. Em seguida, apresentamos a arquitetura de um simulador e discutimos os aspectos principais levantados pela sua aplicacao no contexto de planos de emergencia. Por fim, descrevemos brevemente um prototipo construido para validar a arquitetura proposta e os requisitos levantados.

/pdf/using-serious-game-techniques-to-simulate-emergency-2wxvllhcay.pdf

Using Serious Game Techniques to Simulate Emergency Situations.

Serious games and virtual environments are increasingly used for emergency management training and research. The development of these technologies seems to contribute to a solution to some problems in the existing literature on emergency management which is mainly based on case study research. However, using virtual technology for research also introduces new difficulties. This paper describes the advantages and drawbacks of using serious games for research and reviews eight recently published studies that make use of virtual environments. The review focuses on the external validity of serious games as this is a challenging issues for research that involves virtual environments. The paper concludes with some recommendations to increase the external validity of future research with serious games.

/pdf/serious-games-as-experiments-for-emergency-management-3izqxejmun.pdf

Serious Games as Experiments for Emergency Management Research: A Review

Historically, visual display has always played a very important role in GIS applications. However, visual exploration tools do not scale well when applied to huge spatial data sets. More recently, faster processing hardware and more sophisticated computer graphics has been used to improve user experience for geospatial data visualization. Some applications have recently introduced the concept that the user should be able to navigate through the data in a smooth and continuous way without being blocked waiting for data to be loaded, even if this means seeing incomplete data for some time. Google Earth and NASA World Wind are recent examples of this concept. This paper describes an architecture incorporated in the TDK (TerraLib Development Kit) open source API to provide support for applications that want this kind of user interaction with Terralib geographical data.

Continuous Interaction with TDK: Improving the User Experience in Terralib

This paper first lists the basic requirements of geospatial training games, a class of serious games designed for computer-based training that requires the use of spatio-temporal data. Then, it addresses the implications such requirements have for the development of GIS systems.

/pdf/training-games-and-gis-27psqilhh7.pdf

Training Games and GIS

This work proposes a mechanism to integrate different types of processes into a common gis-based simulation engine and, in particular, how to handle business processes described as workflows. In this sense, the paper presents the simulation process approach adopted, describes a method for mapping a workflow into the simulation process and it identifies which information needs to be added to the workflow description to make it possible to simulate it. To illustrate the ideas proposed, the aspects regarding management of an emergency situation are discussed. The discussion considered the different processes involved with it and the use of computational simulation to help manage the emergency situation.

/pdf/integrating-business-processes-iinto-gis-based-simulations-3rrm6w6978.pdf

Integrating Business Processes iinto GIS-Based Simulations.

Coverage representations, as defined by the OGC specifications, are useful for representing a wide range of geographic phenomena However, in most GIS projects, coverage representations do not show a common interface and the line between coverages and features with geometry is unclear We propose an extension to the TerraLib library, using a unifying approach to manage coverage representations, including performance considerations as a major issue

/pdf/coverage-representation-in-terralib-106ggrrblr.pdf

Coverage representation in TerraLib

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