Although the recently wide propagated trend mainly known as digital twin is an essential step for optimal design and reliable functioning of large generators in the future, but no serious strategy and comprehensive study have been yet proposed. There is not even a standard description of this concept. This paper discusses the necessity and challenges of digital twin models of large renewable energy generators and introduces a comprehensive modeling strategy for developing a multi-domain live simulation platform of large generators for wind and hydro power plants.

Challenges of developing a digital twin model of renewable energy generators

In power electronics, magnetic components are fundamental, and, unfortunately, represent one of the greatest challenges for designers because they are some of the components that lead the opposition to miniaturization and the main source of losses (both electrical and thermal). The use of ferromagnetic materials as substitutes for ferrite, in the core of magnetic components, has been proposed as a solution to this problem, and with them, a new perspective and methodology in the calculation of power losses open the way to new design proposals and challenges to overcome. Achieving a core losses model that combines all the parameters (electric, magnetic, thermal) needed in power electronic applications is a challenge. The main objective of this work is to position the reader in state-of-the-art for core losses models. This last provides, in one source, tools and techniques to develop magnetic solutions towards miniaturization applications. Details about new proposals, materials used, design steps, software tools, and miniaturization examples are provided.

/pdf/power-losses-models-for-magnetic-cores-a-review-1ht1fvyy.pdf

Power Losses Models for Magnetic Cores: A Review

Design of a transverse flux machine (TFM) with high power factor and high torque density is presented. Detailed analysis and verification of the benefit of TFMs over conventional radial flux machines, in terms of torque production capability, is described. A comprehensive investigation of the ideal torque production capability, power factor, and deviation from ideal cases is explained. Factors contributing to performance degradation are identified and a robust method is proposed to design and improve the machine performance. Simulation and experimental results are provided to validate the innovation and the robustness of the design process.

Power Factor Improvement of a Transverse Flux Machine With High Torque Density

This paper deals with the design, the setup, and the operation of a rotating contactless energy transfer (CET) system. The system is used to replace the slip rings of an electrical excited synchronous machine and to transfer energy onto the rotor of the machine without mechanical contact. A compensation topology with an autoresonant circuit to generate the high frequency voltage is presented. Furthermore, the required parameters of the CET system are calculated. Based on these calculations, the system consisting of the power electronics, the compensation network, the magnetic path, the control system, and the electrical excited synchronous machine with controller, is set up. Finally, the calculated parameters are verified by measurements.

Operation of an Electrical Excited Synchronous Machine by Contactless Energy Transfer to the Rotor

In this contribution, a design procedure that is applicable to many kinds of wireless or contactless energy transfer systems is proposed. The design procedure is limited to near field wireless energy transfer systems in resonant operation. For this purpose, the input impedance and voltage transfer function of different natural frequencies are calculated analytically, and moreover, the behavior of the system is described. Following three issues lead to a readily applicable design procedure. First, the knowledge of the transfer functions. Secondly, the knowledge of basic magnetic properties and lastly, the known influence of harmonics according to rectifier and inverter. This design procedure is demonstrated with two hardware setups.

/pdf/contribution-to-the-system-design-of-contactless-energy-1gpmwwu4sa.pdf

Contribution to the System Design of Contactless Energy Transfer Systems

This contribution propose a design procedure applicable to many kinds of wireless or contactless energy transfer systems. The design procedure is limited to near field wireless energy transfer systems in resonant operation. Therefore it is well applicable to systems with a primary side power oscillator or systems with a control strategy that forces an equal system behavior compared to a primary side power oscillator. In resonant operation the input impedance and voltage transfer function of different natural frequencies describe the system behavior and will be calculated analytically in this contribution. Not only the knowledge of these transfer functions but also the knowledge of basic magnetic properties lead to a readily applicable design procedure.

Contribution to the system design of contactless energy transfer systems

This paper deals with the design, the set-up and the operation of a rotating contactless energy transfer system. The system is used to replace the slip rings of an electrical excited synchronous machine and transfer energy contactless on the rotor of the machine. Considering the application and the involved boundary conditions, the optimal topology of the compensation network and the optimal operation range is chosen. Furthermore, the required parameters of the contactless energy transfer system are calculated. Based on these calculations the system, consisting of the power electronics, the compensation network, the magnetic path and the control system, is set up. Finally, the calculations are verified by measurements.

Operation of an electrical excited synchronous machine by contactless energy transfer to the rotor

This paper deals with a combination of an inductive based contactless energy transfer system and a data transfer from the primary side to the secondary side of this system. Therefore, an extension of a self-oscillating power electronics offering the possibility to change the capacity of the resonant circuit during energy transmission is presented. An additional switchable capacitor in the compensation network leads to an immediate shift of the resonance frequency of the circuit. On the basis of this frequency shift a frequency shift keying modulation is implemented to encode binary data in the energy signal.

A novel self oscillating power electronics for contactless energy transfer and frequency shift keying modulation

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