Recent years have seen a rapid proliferation of mass-market consumer software that takes inspiration from video games. Usually summarized as "gamification", this trend connects to a sizeable body of existing concepts and research in human-computer interaction and game studies, such as serious games, pervasive games, alternate reality games, or playful design. However, it is not clear how "gamification" relates to these, whether it denotes a novel phenomenon, and how to define it. Thus, in this paper we investigate "gamification" and the historical origins of the term in relation to precursors and similar concepts. It is suggested that "gamified" applications provide insight into novel, gameful phenomena complementary to playful phenomena. Based on our research, we propose a definition of "gamification" as the use of game design elements in non-game contexts.

/pdf/from-game-design-elements-to-gamefulness-defining-1wnas1kptm.pdf

From game design elements to gamefulness: defining "gamification"

Adequate initial configurations for molecular dynamics simulations consist of arrangements of molecules distributed in space in such a way to approximately represent the system's overall structure. In order that the simulations are not disrupted by large van der Waals repulsive interactions, atoms from different molecules must keep safe pairwise distances. Obtaining such a molecular arrangement can be considered a packing problem: Each type molecule must satisfy spatial constraints related to the geometry of the system, and the distance between atoms of different molecules must be greater than some specified tolerance. We have developed a code able to pack millions of atoms, grouped in arbitrarily complex molecules, inside a variety of three-dimensional regions. The regions may be intersections of spheres, ellipses, cylinders, planes, or boxes. The user must provide only the structure of one molecule of each type and the geometrical constraints that each type of molecule must satisfy. Building complex mixtures, interfaces, solvating biomolecules in water, other solvents, or mixtures of solvents, is straightforward. In addition, different atoms belonging to the same molecule may also be restricted to different spatial regions, in such a way that more ordered molecular arrangements can be built, as micelles, lipid double-layers, etc. The packing time for state-of-the-art molecular dynamics systems varies from a few seconds to a few minutes in a personal computer. The input files are simple and currently compatible with PDB, Tinker, Molden, or Moldy coordinate files. The package is distributed as free software and can be downloaded from http://www.ime.unicamp.br/~martinez/packmol/.

/pdf/packmol-a-package-for-building-initial-configurations-for-qsy9r74wrw.pdf

PACKMOL: a package for building initial configurations for molecular dynamics simulations.

Over the last decade, ‘user experience’ (UX) became a buzzword in the field of human – computer interaction (HCI) and interaction design. As technology matured, interactive products became not only more useful and usable, but also fashionable, fascinating things to desire. Driven by the impression that a narrow focus on interactive products as tools does not capture the variety and emerging aspects of technology use, practitioners and researchers alike, seem to readily embrace the notion of UX as a viable alternative to traditional HCI. And, indeed, the term promises change and a fresh look, without being too specific about its definite meaning. The present introduction to the special issue on ‘Empirical studies of the user experience’ attempts to give a provisional answer to the question of what is meant by ‘the user experience’. It provides a cursory sketch of UX and how we think UX research will look like in the future. It is not so much meant as a forecast of the future, but as a proposal – a stimulus for further UX research.

/pdf/user-experience-a-research-agenda-hedarvm89l.pdf

User experience - a research agenda

Thank you very much for downloading applied longitudinal data analysis modeling change and event occurrence. As you may know, people have look hundreds times for their favorite novels like this applied longitudinal data analysis modeling change and event occurrence, but end up in malicious downloads. Rather than enjoying a good book with a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they are facing with some infectious virus inside their computer.

Applied Longitudinal Data Analysis Modeling Change And Event Occurrence

"Gamification" is an informal umbrella term for the use of video game elements in non-gaming systems to improve user experience (UX) and user engagement. The recent introduction of 'gamified' applications to large audiences promises new additions to the existing rich and diverse research on the heuristics, design patterns and dynamics of games and the positive UX they provide. However, what is lacking for a next step forward is the integration of this precise diversity of research endeavors. Therefore, this workshop brings together practitioners and researchers to develop a shared understanding of existing approaches and findings around the gamification of information systems, and identify key synergies, opportunities, and questions for future research.

http://gamification-research.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/01-Deterding-Sicart-Nacke-OHara-Dixon.pdf

Gamification. using game-design elements in non-gaming contexts

This design case presents and discusses the Shower Calendar, a "persuasive" concept for reducing the con-sumption of water for showering. It starts from a dis-cussion of different types of feedback employed by earlier design cases. Based on this, we designed the Calendar concept as an ambient, persistent and indi-vidualized feedback. A field study with two families (6 individuals) revealed that the Calendar fosters goal setting, comparison, competition, and communication. In addition, quantitative data showed one family to have been more successful in translating the Calendar's offer into actual behavior change, i.e., saving water. This highlights that change is not achieved by the product itself (as in automation or regulation), but by the people involved.

/pdf/with-a-little-help-from-a-friend-a-shower-calendar-to-save-foqsylb4lc.pdf

With a little help from a friend: a shower calendar to save water

to find a group that has any real say in products. (Microsoft and Nokia, by the way, are good, positive examples of companies in which usability groups actually do have impact.) Why is this? Elsewhere, I have argued that because the field is analytical, capable of finding fault, but not capable of actual design. We need to become designers, not just analyzers. But the second reason is that we tend to be usability bigots, believing that usability is the most important part of a product. Product developers know better, so they ignore us. We need to branch out beyond making something usable into making it more desirable. To making the products and services pleasurable. Just changing usability has little or no impact upon sales, and sales (and profits) is what drives business. So we’ll be a lot more successful as a discipline—and have a lot more fun, besides—if we focus on those aspects of a product that improve the total customer experience, that improve sales, and that do indeed make a practical, business difference. Usability does matter, but only as a part of the entire complex of functions, features, appearance, pleasure, image, and, of course, cost.

Emotions can be quite ephemeral; we cannot design them

In the 60s and 70s few people were inter-acting with computers and if they did, those interactions were predominantly work-related. It seems quite natural then, that early Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), which emerged at that time, strove to enable people to perform work-related tasks in an efficient and error free way. Du-ring the 1980s, usability engineering emer-ged from this understanding of HCI. It was probably the right concept for that time.But things change. Technology is much more mature, powerful and cheaper now. Consequently, informations technology (IT) is everywhere; people use it for many purposes, beyond accomplishing tasks at work. They surf the web for example – a rich medium in terms of visual design. The merger of the computer with other me-dia, the rise of the computer gaming in-dustry, etc. changed the users’ expectati-ons. Today’s users know that IT can be visually appealing and entertaining. At the same time, the HCI research commu-nity becomes more and more interested in the roles of affect and emotion in addi-tion to the “pure” cognitive processes, which they study traditionally. As a result, the aesthetics of interactive products be-comes more and more important for users and researchers alike.Our view is that – as a community that takes pride in designing

Arguing for Aesthetics in Human-Computer Interaction

The empirical study of aesthetics in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) is concerned with - among other topics - the relationship between beauty and usability and the general impact of beauty on product choice and use. Specifically, the present paper explores the notion of a "beauty dilemma" - the idea that people discount beauty in a choice situation, although they value it in general (i.e., they are not choosing what makes them happy). We explored this idea in three studies with a total of over 600 participants. Study 1 revealed a reluctance to pay for beauty due to its hedonic nature (i.e., associated with luxury etc.). Study 2 showed that people prefer a more beautiful product, but justify their choice by referring to spurious advantages in usability. Finally, Study 3 revealed that a choice situation which requires a trade-off between beauty and usability, and which offers no further way to justify choosing beauty, leads to a sharp increase in the preference of usability. The underlying reasons for this "beauty dilemma" and further implications are discussed.

The "Beauty Dilemma": beauty is valued but discounted in product choice

A concept for practice-oriented assessment of noise annoyance at the workplace is presented. Employees evaluated the noise situation at their workplace by characterizing the loudest noise event with respect to relevant noise characteristics. The results from a first use of the questionnaire for Subjective Evaluation of Noise Characteristics in Office Workplaces (SENO) show (1) a general need for an additional constructive measure of subjective noise annoyance, (2) that evaluation of the loudest noise event is representative for the overall workplace situation, and (3) that coping plays a crucial role and should be explicitly controlled. Finally, examples of how to use SENO for improving the workplace situation are given.

Assessing noise annoyance: an improvement-oriented approach.

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