Electric energy security is essential, yet the high cost and limited sources of fossil fuels, in addition to the need to reduce greenhouse gasses emission, have made renewable resources attractive in world energy-based economies. The potential for renewable energy resources is enormous because they can, in principle, exponentially exceed the world׳s energy demand; therefore, these types of resources will have a significant share in the future global energy portfolio, much of which is now concentrating on advancing their pool of renewable energy resources. Accordingly, this paper presents how renewable energy resources are currently being used, scientific developments to improve their use, their future prospects, and their deployment. Additionally, the paper represents the impact of power electronics and smart grid technologies that can enable the proportionate share of renewable energy resources.

Renewable energy resources: Current status, future prospects and their enabling technology

Power electronics (PE) is an application oriented and interdisciplinary area. It uses power semiconductor devices to perform switching action in order to achieve a desired conversion strategy. The PE plays crucial role of conversion and control electrical power. Therefore, PE based power converters are also widely used in renewable energy systems. This papers deals only with the wind and solar-PV systems as they are the most promising renewable energy sources for generation of electricity. Therefore, sustainable growth of wind and solar-PV powered electricity generation is expected in the years to come. The aim of this paper is to illustrate and highlight the role of PE in the research and development of renewable energy systems. To illustrate and highlight the role of PE in research and development of renewable energy systems using wind and Solar-PV, two cases of each type are presented in this paper.

The Role of Power Electronics in Renewable Energy Systems Research and Development

This paper presents the experimental validation of a unified three-port topology, integrating a renewable energy source (RES) and an energy storage system (ESS) (or an electric vehicle) with the grid-interface operating as active power filter (APF). The proposed topology is based on a three-phase grid-interface (whose role is to operate as a APF grid-tied inverter capable of compensating current harmonics, imbalanced currents and low power factor), on a RES-interface for solar photovoltaic (PV) panels (whose role is to extract the maximum power from the PV panels), and on an ESS-interface for batteries (whose role is to store/inject energy according to the power management of the electrical installation). The paper presents the control algorithms for each interface within the scope of the different operation modes allowed by the unified three-port topology. Simulation and experimental results are presented in order to validate the distinguishing aspects of the proposed unified three-port topology.

/pdf/unified-three-port-topology-integrating-a-renewable-and-an-54qfh1yhfy.pdf

Unified Three-Port Topology Integrating a Renewable and an Energy Storage System with the Grid-Interface Operating as Active Power Filter

Smart or intelligent built assets including infrastructure, buildings, real estate, and cities provide enhanced functionality to their different users such as occupiers, passengers, consumers, patients, managers or operators. This enhanced functionality enabled by the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Big Data, Mobile Apps, Virtual Reality (VR) and 5G does not only translate into a superior user experience; technology also supports sustainability and energy consumption to meet regulation (ESG, NZC) while optimising asset management and operations for enhanced business economic performance. The main peculiarity is that technology is standardised, ubiquitous and independent from the physical built assets whereas asset users including humans, machines and devices are also common to different assets. This article analyses the atomic differences between built assets and proposes an asset omni-management model based on micro-management of services that will support the macro-functionality of the asset. The proposed key concept is based on the standardisation of different assets based on common and specific functionality and services delivered by the technology stack that is supporting already the transition to Industry 5.0 based on Web 3.0 and Tokenisation.

https://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/13/1/131/pdf?version=1673599131

Smart or Intelligent Assets or Infrastructure: Technology with a Purpose

The role of sales accounting information systems in a company is very important Importantly, having a sales accounting information system can maximize profits obtained, achieve sales volume, and support sales growth. So that If the company achieves maximum sales levels, the company needs to pay attention sales system in the company. This research focuses on (1) How the sales accounting information system is implemented at PT. Petro Gasindo Intiniaga, (2) What is the internal control system at PT. Petro Gasindo Intiniaga (3) What is the role of the sales information system at PT. Petro Gasindo Intiniaga to improve the internal control system. This research uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive research type. The data sources used are Primary Data and Secondary Data. Research procedure The data used is field search (a) interviews (b) documentation (c) Observation. To check the validity of the data findings, three triangulations were carried out (1) source triangulation (2) technique triangulation (3) time triangulation. The result of this research is an internal control system in Information Systems Sales Accounting at PT. Petro Gasindo Intiniaga is not doing well. In the The company still has several weaknesses, including; (1) There still exists a dual function in the sales system, between the warehouse helper function and admin functions which are only carried out by the warehouse department. (2) The Authorization System for Approval for Delivery of goods is still authorized by the production and warehouse departments. (3) Deep sales system in which the cash received is not fully deposited into the bank on the date the transaction takes place.

The Role of Sales Accounting Information System in PT. Petro Gasindo Intiniaga

A conceptual construct on value for infrastructure asset management

This paper presents technological solutions that intend to contribute both for the efficient production of electric energy from renewable non-pollutant sources (namely Wind and Sun) and to the improvement of power quality in the electrical systems. It proposes the development of low-cost and high-efficiency power controllers that optimize energy extraction from hybrid systems, constituted by photovoltaic solar panels and wind power turbines, in small renewable energy power plants. Main innovations are the use of a single microcontroller for both sources’ power control and the development of an interface between the DC link and the AC electrical system. This interface uses a control system based in the p-q theory that takes into account power quality issues. The paper also presents a cost study regarding products for renewable systems available in the market.

https://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/1528/1/Env2010-03_paper_D02.pdf

Interfaces for renewable energy sources with electric power systems

Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) financiadora do Projecto POCTI/ESE/48242/2002.

https://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/3036/1/ENER-05_solar.pdf

Sistema para optimização da extracção de energia de painéis solares fotovoltaicos

https://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/4266/1/Revista_EEIC_2005-Solar.pdf

Desenvolvimento de um sistema para optimização da extracção de energia de painéis solares fotovoltaicos

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A conceptual construct on value for infrastructure asset management

Interfaces for renewable energy sources with electric power systems

Sistema para optimização da extracção de energia de painéis solares fotovoltaicos

Desenvolvimento de um sistema para optimização da extracção de energia de painéis solares fotovoltaicos