The antiprotozoal and antioxidant activities of Viola tricolor and Laurus nobilis have been reported recently. Thus, the existing study pursued to assess the growth inhibition effect of methanolic extract of V. tricolor (MEVT) and acetonic extract of L. nobilis (AELN) against five Babesia parasites and Theileria equi in vitro and in vivo. MEVT and AELN suppressed Babesia bovis, B. bigemina, B. divergens, B. caballi, and T. equi growth at half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of 75.7 ± 2.6, 43.3 ± 1.8, 67.6 ± 2.8, 48 ± 3.8, 54 ± 2.1 μg/mL, and 86.6 ± 8.2, 33.3 ± 5.1, 62.2 ± 3.3, 34.5 ± 7.5 and 82.2 ± 9.3 μg/mL, respectively. Qualitative phytochemical estimation revealed that both extracts containing multiple bioactive constituents and significant amounts of flavonoids and phenols. The toxicity assay revealed that MEVT and AELN affected the mouse embryonic fibroblast (NIH/3 T3) and Madin–Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell viability with half-maximum effective concentrations (EC50) of 930 ± 29.9, 1260 ± 18.9 μg/mL, and 573.7 ± 12.4, 831 ± 19.9 μg/mL, respectively, while human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) cell viability was not influenced even at 1500 μg/mL. The in vivo experiment revealed that the oral administration of MEVT and AELN prohibited B. microti multiplication in mice by 35.1 and 56.1%, respectively. These analyses indicate the prospects of MEVT and AELN as good candidates for isolating new anti-protozoal compounds which could assist in the development of new drug molecules with new drug targets.

/pdf/gas-chromatography-mass-spectrometry-analysis-phytochemical-5c9gt18k9s.pdf

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, phytochemical screening and antiprotozoal effects of the methanolic Viola tricolor and acetonic Laurus nobilis extracts.

Ethnomedicinal plants have a significant role in the lives of people of rural and tribal areas. Thousands of medicinal plant species are used to treat various diseases, including jaundice, and are considered an important therapeutic resource to minimize these diseases. Jaundice (icterus) is a chronic disease that occurs when the amount of bilirubin in the blood increases. This review describes different ethnomedicinal plants used for curing jaundice by tribal and rural people of Himachal Pradesh. The study reveals 87 ethnomedicinal plant species belonging to 51 different families, which are used for treating jaundice in Himachal Pradesh. These plants are arranged in a systematic way, which includes a description of their common name, botanical name, along with its family, plant parts used, region, and mode of use in tabulated form. Some of the plant extracts have already been explored for their phytochemical and pharmacological significance and proved their potential in the preparation of new medicines or drugs against the treatment of jaundice. This review is an attempt to highlight the indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants, which are specifically used for the treatment of jaundice. The data mentioned in the present review is compiled from various sources like existing literature, books, Google Scholar, and Scopus publications. Among all the observed plant species, most used medicinal plants for the treatment of jaundice include Justicia adhatoda, Emblica officinalis, Ricinus communis, Saccharum officinarum, Terminalia chebula, Berberis aristata, Cuscuta reflexa, and Tinospora cordifolia. Plants that are mostly utilized for the treatment of jaundice need to be scientifically validated by pharmacological analysis and should be subsequently used for the preparation of new drugs, which may prove far more beneficial than the existing one.

https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/2/232/pdf

Ethnomedicinal Plants Traditionally Used for the Treatment of Jaundice (Icterus) in Himachal Pradesh in Western Himalaya-A Review.

Design and characterization of mangiferin nanoparticles for oral delivery

A microanalytical HPLC technique has been developed for determination of swertiamarin in
Swertia species and bacoside-A in Bacopa monnieri. Small quantities (‡2 mg) of powdered
plant material are required for analysis. The limits of detection (LOD) of swertiamarin and
bacoside-A are 500 pg and 4,000 ng, respectively, in 2 mg plant material. Dried plant
material from S. cordata and S. chirata contained 5.59 and 0.44% swertiamarin, respectively,
and B. monnieri contained 0.12% bacoside-A. The simplicity, accuracy, and reproducibility of
the method enable its use for estimation of marker compounds.

Micro-LC Determination of Swertiamarinin Swertia species and Bacoside-Ain Bacopa monnieri

Phytochemical and pharmacological uses of medicinal plants to treat cancer: A case study from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, North Pakistan.

Plant essential oils are potential source of antimicrobials of natural origin. Essential oils and extracts obtained from many plants have recently gained a great popularity and scientific interest. Consumer demand for natural preservatives has increased, whereas the safety aspect of chemical additives has been questioned. The plant oil has been reported to have antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic and antidermatophytic properties. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the antifungal activity of three essential oils (EOs), against Picher guilliermondii and Candida albicans strains. Three medicinally important plants Swertia ciliata, Acorus calamus and Viola serpens were evaluated for their antifungal activities. The oil of Swertia ciliata had moderate to good activity against the tested Candida albicans pathogens and the oil of Acorus calamus and Viola serpens show good activity against Pichia guilliermondii on the basis of zone of inhibition and MIC values. These results support the plant oils can be used to cure mycotic infections and plant oils may have role as pharmaceutical and preservatives.

https://www.plantsjournal.com/archives/2017/vol5issue6/PartA/5-6-2-327.pdf

Antifungal activity of Swertia ciliata (Family-Gentianaceae), Acorus calamus (Family-Araceae) and Viola serpens (Family Violaceae) from Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand Himalayas, India

Phytochemical and Ethnomedicinal Uses of Family Gentianaceae

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Antifungal activity of Swertia ciliata (Family-Gentianaceae), Acorus calamus (Family-Araceae) and Viola serpens (Family Violaceae) from Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand Himalayas, India

Phytochemical and Ethnomedicinal Uses of Family Gentianaceae