Trinta e seis vacas da raca Holandesa (258 dias em lactacao) foram utilizadas para se avaliar a suplementacao com levedura (Levucell SC 20 da Lallemand) em dietas para vacas leiteiras com dois teores de amido (22 vs 32%). O mais baixo teor de amido foi obtido com a substituicao parcial (50:50) de milho finamente moido por polpa de citrus peletizada. Utilizou-se quadrado latino 4 x 4 repetido, com quatro periodos de 24 dias. Os primeiros 20 dias foram destinados a adaptacao dos animais e os ultimos quatro, a coleta de dados. Os parâmetros avaliados foram a ingestao de materia seca, a producao e composicao do leite e as concentracoes de glicose e nitrogenio ureico no plasma sanguineo. A ingestao de materia seca, a producao e composicao do leite e a concentracao de glicose plasmatica nao foram afetadas pelos tratamentos. O nitrogenio ureico no leite foi maior nos animais sob suplementacao com aditivo microbiologico. O nitrogenio ureico no plasma foi reduzido com a substituicao parcial do milho pela polpa citrica, que nao teve efeito negativo sobre o desempenho de vacas produzindo, em media, 19 kg de leite/dia.

http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rbz/v35n4/40.pdf

Desempenho de vacas em lactação recebendo dietas com diferentes teores de amido total, acrescidas ou não de levedura (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)

The experiment was developed to evaluate the effect of the replacement of corn grain by dehydrated citrus pulp pellets on the performance and carcass characteristics of Santa Gertrudis young bulls fed high concentrate diets. Twenty-eight bulls, with average age of nine months and an initial weight of 277 kg, were kept in individual pens and fed during 92 days, after 21 days of adaptation. The animals were fed a diet with 20% of the dry matter as corn silage, with 40% of grain. Treatments evaluated included levels of 0, 25, 40 and 55% of dehydrated citrus pulp pellets in the dry matter diet. There was no effect of citrus pulp level on the average daily gain, daily dry matter intake, feed efficiency, carcass dressing, Longissimus muscle area and the kidney, pelvic and inguinal fat. The increasing level of citrus pulp on the diet decreased linearly the backfat thickness and increased linearly the liver weight and carcass weight. The feces pH was similar for all the citrus pulp levels. Liver abscess were not detected, although the diet had high concentrate level. The dehydrated citrus pulp pellets can compound until 55% of dry matter diet, replacing corn grain to finishing young bulls fed high concentrate diets, with a small decrease in subcutaneous fat.

/pdf/desempenho-e-caracteristicas-da-carcaca-de-tourinhos-santa-408icgosbe.pdf

Desempenho e características da carcaça de tourinhos Santa Gertrudes confinados, recebendo dietas com alto concentrado e níveis crescentes de polpa cítrica peletizada

The experiment was developed at Instituto de Zootecnia in Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, and the objective was to evaluate the digestibility coefficients, the nutrients intake, and the nitrogen balance of diets with 20% of corn silage and 80% of concentrate and 0, 25, 40 and 55% of citrus pulp in total dry matter, replacing corn grain. Eight crossbred lambs, with nine months of age and 34 kg of liveweight, were fed in individual cages, where feces and urine could be separated. During six days, feed, orts, feces and urine were weighed and sampled. The amount of feed offered was the mean of the intake in the last three days of the adaptation period. The experiment consisted of two phases, using the same animals, which were blocked by liveweight. Data were analyzed by regression. There was linear increase in the apparent digestibility coefficients of the crude protein and of the acid detergent fiber with higher levels of citrus pulp. The digestibility coefficients did not differ and means were, respectively: 71.8, 73.3, 77.2, 63.5, and 72.2%, for dry matter, organic matter, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber and hemicellulose. The total digestible nutrients mean was 72.39%. Increasing citrus pulp in the diet caused a linear and significant increase of dry matter and total digestible nutrients intake by day and by metabolic weight. Similar effects were observed for the amount of ingested, absorbed, urinary and retained nitrogen. An increasing proportion of citrus pulp up to 55% of the dietary dry matter, replacing corn grain, resulted in improvement of the fiber utilization and of the efficiency of nitrogen metabolism.

/pdf/digestibilidade-e-balanco-de-nitrogenio-em-ovinos-un8d9bo9e7.pdf

Digestibilidade e balanço de nitrogênio em ovinos alimentados à base de dietas com elevado teor de concentrado e níveis crescentes de polpa cítrica peletizada

The effects of the replacement of corn silage by orange peel silage were studied on the intake of nutrients, production and quality of the milk of Holstein dairy cows A 4 x 4 Latin square design with four replacement levels (0, 25, 50 or 75% DM) of corn silage by orange peel with forage to concentrate ratio of 50:50 were used The replacement levels did not affect the percentage of milk fat and milk protein, however the nutrient intake and milk production showed a quadratic behavior in function of the replacement level of corn silage by orange peel silage The results suggest that the silage of orange peel can substitute the corn silage for lactating dairy cows

/pdf/substituicao-da-silagem-de-milho-pela-silagem-do-bagaco-de-3gxxeh0k3l.pdf

Substituição da silagem de milho pela silagem do bagaço de laranja na alimentação de vacas leiteiras: Consumo, produção e qualidade do leite

The present study was carried out to study the substitution of the ground corn grain by the dried citrus pulp in the starter diet of 28 Holstein calves in an early weaning system. The experimental design was in completely randomized blocks, with the blocks formed in accordance to the arrival order of the animals. The animals were slaughter at the end of the experiment. The experiment consisted on four treatments: 0, 15, 30 and 45% of citrus pulp in the diet, in substitution of the ground corn grain. The calves received the colostrum for three days in the original farm. Besides the concentrate, the calves received four liters of whole milk in the first month, divided in two meal, and three liters in the second month. The concentrate was fed ad libitum fed to the calves from the fourth life day. All calves were kept in individual houses. The evaluated parameters were: average daily gain, dry matter intake, feed:gain ratio, increases of the withers height and of the heart girth, volume and weight of the stomach compartments, development of rumen papillas, number of protozoa, pH and incidence of diarrhea. There was no significant difference among treatments. The dried citrus pulp can substitute the ground corn grain in the diet of early weaned calves, with good results.

Substituição do milho em grão moído pela polpa cítrica na desmama precoce de bezerros leiteiros

Twelve crossbred cows were used in a switch-back design, to evaluate partial or total substitution of ground com ears for dried orange pulp, in rations for milk production. No significant difference was detected among treatments, as far as milk production and fact content were concerned, even when concentrate mixture contained up 67% of dried orange pulp.

/pdf/polpa-seca-de-laranja-versus-milho-desintegrado-em-misturas-41a356bmh1.pdf

Polpa seca de laranja versus milho desintegrado, em misturas concentradas para vacas em lactação

During 140 experimental days, ground pelleted citrus pulp replaced ground corn ears in rations for fattening cattle. Ration A, contained no citrus pulp and 30% ground corn ears; rations B, contained 15% from each of them and ration C, contained 30% citrus pulp and no ground corn ears. Average daily gains were-. A = .792 kg; B = .957 kg and C = .992 kg. Feed conversions were: A = 12.590 : 1; B = 11.626 : 1 and C = 111.232 : 1. Weight gains data underwent statistical analysis followed by Duncans procedure which declared treatments B and C greater than treatment A. but equal between themselves. These results suggest that dried, citrus pulp is a good replacer for ground corn ears in rations for fattening cattle.

/pdf/polpa-citrica-peletizada-para-bovinos-em-confinamento-44wur608eo.pdf

Polpa cítrica peletizada para bovinos em confinamento

Foram utilizados 10 suinos machos castrados, 1/2 e 3/4 de sangue Landrace x Duroc-Jersey, com peso medio inicial de 21,7 kg. Estudou- se o efeito da substituicao parcial do fuba de milho pela polpa citrica peletizada, no desenvolvimento dos animais e na qualidade de suas carcacas, concluindo-se que ate o nivel de 15%, a polpa citrica podera substituir o fuba de milho, sem que ocorra qualquer alteracao no ritmo de desenvolvimento ou nas caracteristicas principais da carcaca dos suinos.

/pdf/efeito-da-substituicao-parcial-do-milho-pela-polpa-citrica-3oa0tjiqan.pdf

Efeito da substituição parcial do milho pela polpa cítrica peletizada no desenvolvimento e na qualidade da carcaça de suínos

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Polpa seca de laranja versus milho desintegrado, em misturas concentradas para vacas em lactação

Polpa cítrica peletizada para bovinos em confinamento

Efeito da substituição parcial do milho pela polpa cítrica peletizada no desenvolvimento e na qualidade da carcaça de suínos