A MUCH debated question is whether sex differences exist in the functional organization of the brain for language1–4. A long-held hypothesis posits that language functions are more likely to be highly lateralized in males and to be represented in both cerebral hemispheres in females5,6, but attempts to demonstrate this have been inconclusive7–17. Here we use echo-planar functional magnetic resonance imaging18–21 to study 38 right-handed subjects (19 males and 19 females) during orthographic (letter recognition), phonological (rhyme) and semantic (semantic category) tasks. During phonological tasks, brain activation in males is lateralized to the left inferior frontal gyrus regions; in females the pattern of activation is very different, engaging more diffuse neural systems that involve both the left and right inferior frontal gyrus. Our data provide clear evidence for a sex difference in the functional organization of the brain for language and indicate that these variations exist at the level of phonological processing.

Sex differences in the functional organization of the brain for language

foipublicada na decada de 70, tornando-se obrabastante conhecida entre aqueles interessadosem crescimento e desenvolvimento humano.Como indicado por Tanner no prefacio, aedicao de 1990 representou praticamente umareescrita das versoes anteriores, ja que foramconsideraveis os avancos das pesquisas emcrescimento e seus aspectos morfologicos efisiologicos. As principais modificacoes introdu-zidas dizem respeito a endocrinologia e asinteracoes entre aspectos geneticos e ambientaisno controle do processo de crescimento.

/pdf/fetus-into-man-physical-growth-from-conception-to-maturity-3ruu8jqyyb.pdf

Fetus into man: physical growth from conception to maturity

The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life

Part 1 Children's experience of place: children's direct experience of place and space children's indirect experience of place and space. Part 2 Children's environmental cognition - competing theoretical and methodological perspectives: theoretical perspectives on children's environmental capacity and competence methodological issues - uncovering children's environmental capabilities. Part 3 The environmental competence of children: factors affecting children's environmental cognition children's understanding of large-scale space and place children's use of maps the influence of sex on children's environmental competence an empirical evaluation of the development of environmental cognition children's feelings and attitudes towards their everyday environments. Part 4 Children's environmental needs: educational issues - geography and graphicacy planning issues - environments for children.

Making sense of place: Children's understanding of large‐scale environments. By M. H. Matthews. Harvester Wheatsheaf, Hemel Hempstead, 1992. No. of pages: 271. Price: £15.95

Women scientists' scientific and spiritual ways of knowing

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