Iron deficiency anemia in a dog

Reconnoitre ameloblastic carcinoma: A prognostic update.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common human malignancy, accounting for 600,000 death cases annually worldwide. Chrysophanol is a naturally occurring anthraquinone compound and exhibits anti-neoplastic activities. This study aims to explore the biological effects of chrysophanol on CRC metastasis and the relevant underlying mechanism. Cell proliferation assay, wound scratch assay, and Transwell invasion assay were used to examine the effect of chrysophanol on proliferation, migration, and invasion of CRC cells. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) shRNA was utilized to transfect CRC cells to examine the role of HIF-1α in chrysophanol suppression of hypoxia-induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). The suppression effect of chrysophanol on hypoxia-induced EMT in vivo was also validated in xenograft tumor models. In the present study, our findings indicated that chrysophanol has the capability to suppress hypoxia-induced EMT in CRC in vitro and in vivo, and the possible mechanism involved is the inhibition of HIF-1α via modulating PI3k/Akt signaling pathway. Collectively, the results indicated that chrysophanol can be used as an EMT and cancer metastasis inhibitor in the treatment of CRC. Anat Rec, 302:1561-1570, 2019. © 2019 American Association for Anatomy.

https://anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ar.24081

Chrysophanol Suppresses Hypoxia-Induced Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Cancer Cells.

Purpose of review This review analyzes most recent data on the risk of central nervous system (CNS) dissemination and the efficacy of current strategies for CNS prophylaxis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Recent findings CNS dissemination still remains a rare but usually fatal complication of DLBCL. Although risk models for CNS involvement in DLBCL have been postulated on the basis of clinical findings such as more than one extranodal site, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status greater than 1, lactate dehydrogenase elevation in serum, B-symptoms, high international prognostic index score and involvement of specific sites their predictive value is relatively low. The choice of drugs and time-point for prophylaxis still remain to be defined; however, there is some evidence supporting the role of systemic CNS-penetrating chemotherapy, in particular high-dose methotrexate (>1 g/m2) in the early course of disease. A role for systemic rituximab has been postulated, however, with ambiguous results among studies. Summary Better identification of risk factors and disease variables associated with CNS involvement in DLBCL including biological and molecular parameters is urgently needed to reduce CNS recurrences through a well designed prophylaxis regimen and to avoid unnecessary intensive and toxic treatments.

Prevention of central nervous system relapses in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: which patients and how?

Objective. This study is aimed at assessing the magnitude and its associated factors of anemia in geriatric population visiting outpatient department at the University of Gondar referral hospital, northwest Ethiopia. Method. A cross-sectional study was conducted among elder patients in Gondar town, North Gondar District, in May 2013. A total of 200 randomly selected geriatric population participated in the study. Summary statistics were computed and presented in tables and figure. Both bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regression were fitted to identify associated factors. A value ), of which 61.5% ( ) were males. Mild type anemia was predominant, 55.96% ( ). Geriatric patients with an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (AOR = 9.04, 95% CI: 4.2–19.7) and who are vegetarians (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.03–4.71) were at high risk of developing anemia. Conclusion. The magnitude of anemia was high in geriatrics. Mild anemia was the predominant type. Vegetarians and geriatrics with elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate were more likely to develop anemia. Hence, early diagnosis and management of anemia have paramount importance to prevent adverse outcomes in geriatrics.

/pdf/magnitude-of-anemia-in-geriatric-population-visiting-2c8flz1g4h.pdf

Magnitude of Anemia in Geriatric Population Visiting Outpatient Department at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia: Implication for Community-Based Screening.

Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare epithelial odontogenic tumor of the jaws, which exhibits cytological features of ameloblastoma and carcinoma. It has a distinct predilection for mandible. These lesions may initially show histologic features of ameloblastoma that dedifferentiate over time. Others may present with features of epithelial dedifferentiation in ameloblastoma. A case of ameloblastomic carcinoma in a 64-year-old male is reported, who presented with swelling in the left mandible 3 months after the extraction of the left upper molar.

Ameloblastic carcinoma: A case report and literature review.

Background: Untreated geriatric anemia is important to diagnose early as it is associated with greater morbidity and mortality in comparison to the anemia in younger adults. Objectives: To determine the prevalence, patterns of anaemia, and to assess haemopoietic nutrient status of geriatric population attending a hospital. Material and methods: 2540 subjects aged 60 years and above, attending our geriatric clinic were screened for presence of anemia. 100 anemic subjects were randomly selected for further characterization. Tests carried out were, pattern of anemia, full blood count, serum ferritin and stool for occult blood. Vitamin B12, folate and other additional investigations were carried out in selected patients as per study protocol. Main outcome measure: Prevalence, pattern and underlying etiologies of anemia. Results: The prevalence of anemia was 71%. Normocytic blood picture was most common. Eleven cases had absolute iron deficiency. 5 and 2 cases had low vitamin B12 and folate levels respectively. Nine out of 11 (82%) patients with depleted iron stores had positive stool occult blood. Conclusions: Screening for anemia is important in all geriatric patients seeking medical care, irrespective of the presenting illness. Also a dedicated search for micronutrient deficiency and stool occult blood should be a routine component of the etiological work up of anemic elderly.

/pdf/prevalence-of-anemia-and-micronutrient-deficiency-in-elderly-1u21fiz0ci.pdf

Prevalence of Anemia and Micronutrient Deficiency in Elderly

Chondrosarcoma is a mesenchymal tumor composed of tumor cells producing cartilage. It is more common in older age and often affects the axial skeleton. We report a rare case of chondrosarcoma mimicking a sellar and suprasellar mass with parasellar extension. A 40 yr woman presented with decreasing visual acuity and headache. Magnetic resonance (MR) image revealed a cystic sellar and suprasellar mass with parasellar extension showing mild enhancing solid component. It favored the diagnosis of craniopharyngioma. The patient underwent trans-sphenoidal partial resection of the tumor resulting in removal of the sellar mass. However, the suprasellar mass could not be excised completely due to limited surgical field. The pathologic diagnosis was chondrosarcoma. Eight months after the operation, pterional approach was performed to remove the remaining mass. Intraoperative findings confirmed that the mass originated from dorsum sellae.

https://ijp.iranpath.org/article_19279_5421e8a1bd8265e164a0e9b798ff42bc.pdf

Pituitary Chondrosarcoma presenting as a sellar and suprasellar mass with parasellar extension: An Unusual presentation

Mature cystic teratoma of the liver in an adult female

Background : To correlate clinicopathological and immunohistochemical profile of BRCA1 positive and non BRCA1 breast cancer patients with ER, PR, BCL2, P53 and Ki-67 to gain more insight into biological characterstics of breast cancer to emphasise the need of genetic testing for BRCA1 in blood relatives of patients with BRCA1 mutation. Methods : The study was conducted in 70 randomly selected cases of breast carcinomas received in the Department of Pathology, SGRDIMSR, Amritsar. Clinical History was taken as per proforma and formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue was studied for histopathological typing and grading after staining with haematoxylin-eosin. All cases were subjected to immunohistochemistry for BRCA1, ER, PR, P53, BCL2 and Ki-67 expression. Results : Grade II Tumors constituted the maximum (67%). The most common age group was 41-60 years (62%). BRCA1 positivity was seen in 27/70 cases (38%). BRCA1 positive cases tend to present at higher stage than BRCA1 negative cases showing significantly greater tumor size (p< 0.001) and lymph node involvement (p =0.001). Similarly BRCA1 positivity was associated with poor prognostic factors significantly as with high grade of tumor (p=0.015), hormonal receptors negativity (81.5% vs 18.5%, p <0.001) and high profilerative index (71% vs 29%, p<0.007), BRCA1 related cases had significantly high P53 positivity (67% vs 33%, p<0.008) and lower BCL2 expression (78% vs 2.2%, p <0.005) Conclusion : Our study proves that BRCA1 positive tumors have a higher grade and are associated with poor clinicopathological and immunohistochemical prognostic markers. Further studies are needed to justify more aggressive treatment in BRCA1 positive cases.

Immunohistochemical characteristics of Breast Cancer patients with the comparative study of BRCA1, ER, PR, BCL2, P53 and Ki-67 immunohistochemical markers: A population based study.

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