Comprising over 15 000 living species, decapods (crabs, shrimp and lobsters) are the most instantly recognizable crustaceans, representing a considerable global food source. Although decapod system...

https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2019.0079

A phylogenomic framework, evolutionary timeline and genomic resources for comparative studies of decapod crustaceans.

Research advances in the genomics and applications for molecular breeding of aquaculture animals

The Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis, is one of the most studied and economically important crustaceans in China. Its transition from a swimming to a crawling method of movement during early development, anadromous migration during growth, and catadromous migration during breeding have been attractive features for research. However, knowledge of the underlying molecular mechanisms that regulate these processes is still very limited. A total of 258.8 gigabases (Gb) of raw reads from whole-genome sequencing of the crab were generated by the Illumina HiSeq2000 platform. The final genome assembly (1.12 Gb), about 67.5 % of the estimated genome size (1.66 Gb), is composed of 17,553 scaffolds (>2 kb) with an N50 of 224 kb. We identified 14,436 genes using AUGUSTUS, of which 7,549 were shown to have significant supporting evidence using the GLEAN pipeline. This gene number is much greater than that of the horseshoe crab, and the annotation completeness, as evaluated by CEGMA, reached 66.9 %. We report the first genome sequencing, assembly, and annotation of the Chinese mitten crab. The assembled draft genome will provide a valuable resource for the study of essential developmental processes and genetic determination of important traits of the Chinese mitten crab, and also for investigating crustacean evolution.

/pdf/draft-genome-of-the-chinese-mitten-crab-eriocheir-sinensis-2tcv98b9zr.pdf

Draft genome of the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis.

Future climate scenarios predict changes in rainfall regimes. These changes are expected to affect plants via effects on the expression of root traits associated with water and nutrient uptake. Associated microorganisms may also respond to these new precipitation regimes, either directly in response to changes in the soil environment or indirectly in response to altered root trait expression. We characterized arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal communities in an Australian grassland exposed to experimentally altered rainfall regimes. We used Illumina sequencing to assess the responses of AM fungal communities associated with four plant species sampled in different watering treatments and evaluated the extent to which shifts were associated with changes in root traits. We observed that altered rainfall regimes affected the composition but not the richness of the AM fungal communities, and we found distinctive communities in the increased rainfall treatment. We found no evidence of altered rainfall regime effects via changes in host physiology because none of the studied traits were affected by changes in rainfall. However, specific root length was observed to correlate with AM fungal richness, while concentrations of phosphorus and calcium in root tissue and the proportion of root length allocated to fine roots were correlated to community composition. Our study provides evidence that climate change and its effects on rainfall may influence AM fungal community assembly, as do plant traits related to plant nutrition and water uptake. We did not find evidence that host responses to altered rainfall drive AM fungal community assembly in this grassland ecosystem.

Experimentally altered rainfall regimes and host root traits affect grassland arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities.

Mini-review an insect-specific system for terrestrialization: Laccase-mediated cuticle formation

The complete mitochondrial genome of stripped eel catfish, Plotosus lineatus, is sequenced in this study. The mitochondrial genome sequence is 16 480 bp in length, with the base composition of 24.7% A, 31.8% T, 27.8% G and 15.7% C. The G + C content is 43.5%. The mitochondria includes 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes and one D-loop region. Except for NAD6 gene and eight tRNA genes, all other mitochondrial genes were encoded on the heavy strand. Plotosus lineatus was confirmed to be closely related to P. japonicus (GenBank: KR270437.1), based on our phylogenetic analysis on complete mitochondrial genome sequences of 13 species. Our complete mitogenome data are going to provide the basis for taxonomic and phylogenetic research of catfishes.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/23802359.2016.1144093

Complete mitochondrial genome of stripped eel catfish ( Plotosus lineatus ).

The invention discloses a breeding method of barbus capito. The method comprises the following steps that A, a breeding pond is built and divided into the three breeding areas including the fry area,the small fish area and the large fish area through two fishing nets; B, fry are bred in the fry area, and fry feed is added to the fry area; C, the water temperature of the breeding pond is controlled, oxygen dissolution is conducted, feeding is conducted three times every day, the fish school is driven at regular time, the mobility of the fish school is improved, and the density of the fish school is controlled; D, harvesting is conducted when the weight of each fish reaches 650-750 g. By adopting the method, by enlarging the activity range and improving the physique of the fry, the survivalrate is guaranteed, by driving the fish school at regular time, the uniformity of the fish school in all the breeding areas is improved, the reasonable feed adding means is beneficial to dispersion of the fish school, most fry identical in specification can be gathered in any area through partition breeding, the feeding concentricity is guaranteed, and the feeding effect is improved.

Breeding method of barbus capito

The invention discloses a formula of a health feed for barbus capito. The formula comprises the following raw materials in percentages by weight: 25-35 parts of high-quality fish meal, 65-75 parts of common fish meal, 25-35 parts of meat meal, 180-220 parts of rapeseed meal, 75-85 parts of cottonseed meal, 75-85parts of peanut meal, 170-190parts of soybean meal, 90-110 parts of rice bran, 215-235 parts of flour, 15-25 parts of calcium dihydrogen, 1-3 parts of salt, 25-35 parts of fish oil, 1-3 parts of choline, 8-12 parts of premix and 2-10 parts of a eucommia leaf extract. After the formula is adopted, by reasonably selecting various raw materials and matching the ratios of the formula, the cultivated barbus capito is balanced in nutrient and fresh and delicious in meat; especially due to addition of the eucommia leaf extract at a proper ratio, the nutrient value is improved, the health feed has a health effect, the growth speed is high, the culture cycle is greatly shortened, the survival rate is very high and the economic benefit is improved.

Formula of health feed for barbus capito

The invention discloses an industrial culture method of barbus capito seedling, which comprises the following steps of: A, throwing fish fries, namely throwing fries of 2-3cm in size into a cement pond; B, feeding with microcapsule feed at time, and feeding rotten chicken manure once a week into the pond; C, dividing the pond, namely dividing the pond when the fries grow to 9-10cm, putting a halffries in the total amount of the fries into a new cement pond with the same specification, wherein the water quality of the new cement pond and the old cement pond is the same, and simultaneously sterilizing the old water pond by adopting quicklime; D, feeding in separate ponds at time after the ponds are divided, and driving fish flock after feeding for half an hour each time; E, finishing seedling raising when the fries grow to 15cm. The method has the advantages that the fish body constitution is improved through rotten chicken manure feeding, quicklime sterilizing and driving breeding, thehigh survival rate is ensured, the fast growth of the fish fries is ensured, the purpose of fine management is achieved, the controllability of the yield is ensured and the investment cost is reduced.

Culture method of barbus capito seedling

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