A recently proposed scaling law for the decay time of alpha particles is generalized for cluster decay. It is shown that for the decay of even–even parents, log T1/2 depends linearly on the scaling variable and on the square root of the reduced mass of cluster and daughter. A model is outlined, which gives insight into the proposed scaling dependence. Predictions of decay modes not yet discovered, such as 16O, 12C and 15N, are made.

http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0954-3899/30/7/010/pdf

Scaling behaviour in cluster decay

A new semi-empirical model is proposed for determining the half lives of radioactive nuclei exhibiting cluster radioactivity. The parameters of the formula are obtained by making a least-square fit to the available experimental cluster decay data. The calculated half-life time for cluster decay is compared with the corresponding experimental values and with the values proposed by earlier scaling laws and with those predicted by the Coulomb and proximity potential model. The semi-empirical formula is applied to alpha decay of parents with Z = 85–102 and is compared with experimental data and with other semi-empirical formula predictions. The predicted alpha and cluster decay half-life time values are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data. The calculated alpha decay half-life time is also compared with the values predicted by Viola–Seaborg–Sobiczewski and Horoi systematics.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0954-3899/35/8/085102/pdf

A semi-empirical model for alpha and cluster radioactivity

Cluster radioactivity is the emission of a fragment heavier than an $\ensuremath{\alpha}$ particle and lighter than mass 50. The range of clusters observed in experiments goes from ${}^{14}$C to ${}^{32}$Si while the heavy mass residue is always a nucleus in the neighborhood of the doubly-magic ${}^{208}$Pb nucleus. Cluster radioactivity is described in this paper as very asymmetric nuclear fission. A new fission valley leading to a decay with large fragment mass asymmetry matching the cluster radioactivity products is found. The mass octupole moment is found to be more convenient than the standard quadrupole moment as the parameter driving the system to fission. The mean-field Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov theory with the phenomenological Gogny interaction has been used to compute the cluster emission properties of a wide range of even-even actinide nuclei from ${}^{222}$Ra to ${}^{242}$Cm, where emission of the clusters has been experimentally observed. Computed half-lives for cluster emission are compared with experimental results. The noticeable agreement obtained between the predicted properties of cluster emission (namely, cluster masses and emission half-lives) and the measured data confirms the validity of the proposed methodology in the analysis of the phenomenon of cluster radioactivity. A continuous fission path through the scission point has been described using the neck parameter constraint.

/pdf/microscopic-description-of-cluster-radioactivity-in-actinide-2pzspui9ta.pdf

Microscopic description of cluster radioactivity in actinide nuclei

Cluster decay half-lives of trans-lead nuclei within the Coulomb and proximity potential model

Cluster decay of 230U via Ne emission

Discovery of oxygen radioactivity of atomic nuclei

We report a new measurement of the rate of spontaneous emission of monoenergetic Ne nuclear clusters from $^{232}\mathrm{U}$, which results in a revision of rates previously reported for Ne radioactivity of $^{232}\mathrm{U}$, $^{234}\mathrm{U}$, and $^{235}\mathrm{U}$. The Ne emission rate goes up a factor of 4.6 for $^{232}\mathrm{U}$, goes down a factor of 4.8 for $^{234}\mathrm{U}$, and may have been marginally detected (1.9\ensuremath{\sigma}) for $^{235}\mathrm{U}$.

Neon radioactivity of uranium isotopes

By using a low-sensitivity glass track detector in planar geometry we measured the decay rate of ${}^{232}\mathrm{U}$ by spontaneous fission to be ${\ensuremath{\lambda}}_{\mathrm{SF}}=(8.6\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.8)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}24}{\mathrm{s}}^{\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}1},$ corresponding to a half-life ${T}_{1/2}=(8.1\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}1.7)\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{22}\mathrm{s}.$ The inconsistency and consistency of this result with previous work is discussed, and spontaneous fission half-lives are compared with cluster decay ones for the various uranium isotopes measured up to now.

First observation of spontaneous fission of 232 U

Measurement of exotic decay half lives with track detectors

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Discovery of oxygen radioactivity of atomic nuclei

Neon radioactivity of uranium isotopes

First observation of spontaneous fission of 232 U

Measurement of exotic decay half lives with track detectors