A statistical analysis of coalmine fires and explosions in China

Root causes of coal mine accidents: Characteristics of safety culture deficiencies based on accident statistics

Identification of safety hazards in Indian underground coal mines

Various types of natural hazards are inextricably linked to the process of underground hard coal mining. Ventilation hazards—methane and spontaneous combustion of coal—are the most dangerous; they pose a major threat to the safety of the workers and decrease the effectiveness of the whole coal production process. One of the methods designed to limit the consequences of such hazards is based on the selection of a ventilation system that will be suitable for the given mining area. The article presents a case study of an active longwall area, where—due to increasing ventilation hazard (methane and spontaneous combusting of coal)—the whole system was rebuilt. The U-type ventilation system was used in the initial stage of the extraction process, however, it often generated methane in amounts that exceeded the allowable values. Consequently, such conditions forced the change of the ventilation system from a U–type to Y–type system. The new system was installed during the ongoing mining process, unlike the usual practice. The article presents the results of tests on mine gas concentrations and descriptive statistics for both types of ventilation system. The results clearly demonstrate that the U-type longwall ventilation system, in the case of high methane release hazard, prevents safe and effective operation. At the same time, the use of this system limits the carbon oxidation reactions in the goaf, leading to spontaneous heating and combustion, which is confirmed by the low concentrations of gases—by-products of these reactions. In turn, the use of the Y-type longwall ventilation system ensures safe and effective operation in areas with high methane release hazard, but at the same time deteriorates the safety associated with the spontaneous combusting of coal. The presented case—both from a scientific and practical perspective—is quite interesting and greatly broadens the knowledge in the scope of an efficient ventilation system for underground workings.

The Impact of the Ventilation System on the Methane Release Hazard and Spontaneous Combustion of Coal in the Area of Exploitation—A Case Study

China's coal mine production situation is grim and various types of accidents occur frequently, and gas explosion accidents are the highest incidence of coal mine accidents. The authors selected 200 gas explosion accidents of coal mine enterprises in recent years, and extracted a large number of workers' unsafe behaviors. Meanwhile, four working types related to gas explosion accidents were obtained, namely ventilation, gas prevention and fire extinguishing, blasting, and electrician. This article listed some influencing factors of unsafe behaviors and corrected the probability of unsafe behaviors. In addition, a probabilistic risk assessment model was established, and the Monte Carlo method was used to analyze the risks caused by unsafe behaviors of various working types. The results show that the risk of unsafe behaviors caused by the ventilation working type is the highest, followed by gas prevention and fire extinguishing, and finally blasting and electrician. This paper studies the influencing factors of miners' unsafe behaviors from the perspective of behavior, guarantees effectively the safety management of coal mine enterprises, and lays a foundation for studying unsafe behaviors related to coal mine gas explosions.

https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/10/1765/pdf

Risk Assessment of Miners' Unsafe Behaviors: A Case Study of Gas Explosion Accidents in Coal Mine, China.

Coal mining (especially underground) is considered one of the most hazardous industries, and as a result considerable focus is applied to eliminating or mitigating hazards through careful mine planning, equipment selection and certification, and development of management systems and procedures. Regulatory agencies have developed in-house methods for reporting, classification and tracking of fatalities and other incidents according to the type of event, often including consideration of different hazard types. Unfortunately, direct comparison of mining safety statistics between countries is confounded by considerable differences in the way that individual countries classify specific fatalities or incidents. This paper presents a comparative analysis of coal mining fatality data in Australia, South Africa, India, China and the United States from 2006 to 2010. Individual classification definitions are compared between the five countries, and methods presented to normalise each country’s hazard definitions and reporting regimes around the RISKGATE framework of seventeen different priority unwanted events (or topics). Fatality data from individual countries is then re-classified according to the different RISKGATE topics, thereby enabling a comparative analysis between all five countries. This paper demonstrates the utility and value of a standard classification approach, and submits the RISKGATE framework as a model for classification that could be applied globally in coal mining. RISKGATE is the largest health and safety project ever funded by the Australian coal industry (http://www.riskgate.org) to build an industry body of knowledge to assist in managing common industry hazards. A comprehensive knowledge base has been captured for risk management of tyres, collisions, fires, isolation, strata underground, ground control open cut, explosions, explosives, manual tasks and slips/trips/falls. This has been extended to outburst, coal burst and bumps, interface displays and controls, tailings dams and inrush.

/pdf/comparative-analysis-of-coal-fatalities-in-australia-south-4jqvxcl4s8.pdf

Comparative analysis of coal fatalities in australia, south africa, india, china and usa, 2006-2010

The sources and process-specific emission of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from an automobile manufacturing plant in Beijing, China were explored and monitored to assess the health risk from VOCs to workers of the automobile manufacturing plant Eleven VOCs were detected in the air samples collected from the 12 working posts of five workshops of the automobile manufacturing plant using a meteorological chromatographic analytical method The health risks exposed to VOCs were assessed using the probabilistic risk-assessment method, and the sensitivity and uncertainty analysis were conducted using the Monte Carlo simulation method The results showed that VOCs mainly originated from the use and volatilization of chemical raw materials The total carcinogenic risks were large owing to the high concentrations of benzene and ethylbenzene in various processes, suggesting a definite risk The total non-carcinogenic risk in the paint shop was the highest, and the topcoat post, mixing paint post and basecoat post contributed to more than 70% of the total risk of this workshop Exposure duration and concentration of VOCs had a greater impact on the health risk These research findings may provide scientific basis for policy toward improving the health status of workers in automobile manufacturing enterprise in China

Source analysis and health risk-assessment of ambient volatile organic compounds in automobile manufacturing processes

RISKGATE is an interactive online risk management system developed by the Minerals Industry Safety and Health Centre (MISHC; University of Queensland) to assist the mining industry in implementing continual improvement in management of major unwanted events so maximising health and safety performance. A comprehensive body of knowledge (BOK) has been captured for risk management of tyres, collisions, fires, isolation, strata underground, ground control open cut, explosions, explosives, manual tasks and slips/trips/falls.This paper presents an overview of the BOK captured from diverse mining industry experts for management of unwanted explosives events in surface mining. This knowledge is divided into a series of initiating events within both topics (as listed) with further degrees of classification based on design, operation, and management concerns.• Loss of control of explosives and associated chemicals in storage on site• Loss of control of explosives and associated chemicals during transport• Loss of control of explosives and associated chemicals during manufacture• Loss of control of explosives and associated chemicals during handling and blast operations• Loss of control of explosives and associated chemicals during disposalThe system guides to the user in generating substantive and leading edge controls to assist in the design, management and reporting of drill and blast operations to meet stringent internal and external requirements. From a broader industry perspective, RISKGATE provides an environment for knowledge capture and knowledge exchange to drive innovation and best practice in the identification, assessment and management of risk. By capturing operational knowledge from industry experts, RISKGATE provides a cumulative corporate memory at a time of high personnel turnover in the coal industry.

Sharing industry knowledge to improve management of risks and safety in the use of explosives in surface mining

RISKGATE is an interactive online risk management body of knowledge developed by the Minerals Industry Safety and Health Centre, University of Queensland, to assist the mining industry in implementing continual improvement in management of major unwanted events thus maximising health, safety and operational performance. This body of knowledge generates substantive and leading edge controls to assist mining industry stakeholders in risk assessments, incident investigation, audits and training. The first 11 RISKGATE topics (Collisions, Tyres, Isolation, Strata Underground, Ground Control Open Cut, Fires, Explosions, Explosives Underground, Explosives Open Cut, Manual Tasks, Slips/Trips/Falls) were launched in December 2012. RISKGATE is the largest single Australian Coal Association Research Program occupational health and safety initiative to date. All major Australian coal mining companies are contributing topic experts to this broad industry initiative with over 400 days of industry expert time logged in action research workshops during 2011-2012 to develop the knowledge base for the first 11 topics. From a broader industry perspective, RISKGATE provides knowledge capture and knowledge exchange that will drive industry-wide innovation and best practice in the identification, assessment and management of risk. By capturing operational knowledge from industry experts, RISKGATE provides a cumulative corporate memory at a time of high personnel turnover in the coal industry. There is no reason that the RISKGATE approach and system could not be adapted to knowledge management requirements of a broad range of other high risk industries.

Riskgate: Industry Sharing Risk Controls Across Australian Coal Operations

Reflections on mining and mortality.

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