High-pressure and high-temperature phase relations in CaSiO3 and CaMgSi2O6 and elasticity of perovskite-type CaSiO3

Diopside coatings have been sprayed onto Ti–6Al–4V substrates using an atmospheric plasma spray system The phase composition and microstructure of the powders and coatings were examined by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction The thermal expansion coefficient of diopside coating was measured by a dilatometer in the temperature range of 20–600 °C, which adapted to that of titanium alloy The bond strength of coating was approximately 325 MPa, which is higher than that of plasma sprayed HA coating on titanium alloys substrates The density, porosity, roughness and Young's moduli of diopside coatings were also measured The bioactivity of diopside coating was evaluated in vitro by soaking it in simulated body fluid After 15 days soaking in simulated body fluid, an apatite layer was formed on the surface of the coating The results are obtained indicated that plasma sprayed diopside coating and may be a candidate for bone and dental implant

Plasma-sprayed diopside coatings for biomedical applications

High-pressure and high-temperature phase relations in diopside CaMgSi2O6

Partial melting experiments on plagioclase (An60) and diopside have been carried out using pairs of large crystals to investigate textures and kinetics of melting. The experiments were done at one atmosphere pressure as a function of temperature (1,190–1,307° C) and time (1.5–192 h). Melting took place mainly at the plagioclase-diopside contact planes. Reaction zones composed of fine mixtures of calcic plagioclase and melt were developed from the surface of the plagioclase crystal inward. There exists a critical temperature, below which only a few % melting can occur over the duration of the experiments. This sluggish melting is caused by slow NaSi-CaAl diffusion in plagioclase, because the plagioclase crystal must change its composition to produce albite-rich cotectic melts. Diffusion in the solid also affects the chemical composition of the melts. During initial melting, potassium is preferentially extracted from plagioclase because K-Na diffusion in plagioclase is faster than that of NaSi-CaAl. This also causes a shift in the cotectic compositions. Above the “critical temperature”, on the other hand, melting is promoted by a metastable reaction in which the plagioclase composition does not change, and which produces melts with compositional gradients along the original An60-diopside tie line. The critical temperature is determined by the intersection of the cotectic and the An60-diopside tie line. Interdiffusion coefficients of plagioclase-diopside components in the melt are estimated from melting rates above the critical temperature by using a simplified steady-state diffusion model (e.g., 10−8 cm2/sec at 1,300° C). Many examples of reaction zones due to partial melting have been described as spongy or fingerprint-like textures in xenoliths. Metastable melting above the critical temperature is considered to take place in natural melting where there is a high degree of melting. However, we cannot exclude the possibility of disequilibrium created by sluggish melting controlled by diffusion in the minerals. If melting occurs close to the solidus, this process can be important even for partial melting in the upper mantle.

Partial melting kinetics of plagioclase-diopside pairs

Single-crystal boules of fayalite (Fe/sub 2/SiO/sub 4/) were grown in the temperature range 1165 to 1200/sup 0/C at 1 bar total pressure from high-purity oxide melts of 1.95:1 to 2.10:1 Fe:Si atom ratio. A modified Czochralski technique was used, with platinum crucibles inductively heated under oxygen fugacities, f(O/sub 2/), between 10/sup -9/ and 10/sup -12/ bar. The boules are up to 10 mm in diameter by 40 mm long and brownish-black in color. The best crystal homogeneity was obtained at growth rates of less than or equal to3 mm/hr from 2.1:1 Fe:Si melts at an f(O/sub 2/) of 10/sup -12/ bar at 1180 to 1185/sup 0/C. Colorimetric data indicate boule Fe/sup 3 +/ contents which increase with synthesis f(O/sub 2/) from 0.27% (10/sup -12/ bar) to 0.86% (10/sup -9/ bar). The typical orthorhombic unit-cell parameters are a = 4.8214 to 4.8219, b = 10.4774 to 10.4767, and c = 6.0880 to 6.0893 angstrom, varying slightly with synthesis f(O/sub 2/). The optical and infrared absorption spectrum is similar to that of natural fayalite, exhibiting a broad absorption band at 10,000 angstrom with transparency maxima at 7,000 and 25,000 angstrom. Samples appear stable up to melting at approx. 1202/sup 0/C(f(O/sub 2/) approx.more » = 10/sup -12/ bar), but lose weight and solidify incongruently.« less

Czochralski growth of single-crystal fayalite under controlled oxygen fugacity conditions. [Fe/sub 2/SiO/sub 4/]

Czochralski growth of diopside (CaMgSi2O6) crystals

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Czochralski growth of diopside (CaMgSi2O6) crystals