The potential application of bio-oil production from nitrogen-containing biomass via hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) may be limited due to high nitrogen content, making this product oil unsuitable for fuel-related uses. The Maillard reaction is expected to play a most significant role in the interaction between proteins and carbohydrates during the hydrothermal treatment. To evaluate the Maillard reaction network in this process, lactose, maltose, and lysine were employed as model substances and tested individually and in binary mixtures. HTL experiments were conducted at temperatures between 250 and 350 °C and at 20 min reaction time. When treated individually, conversion of lysine leads to higher bio-oil yields (5–17 wt.%) than the model carbohydrates (6–10 wt.%) during HTL. In mixtures with carbohydrates, the measured bio-oil yields exceeded those obtained from conversion of the single substances (10–39 wt.%). Both yields and the relative nitrogen content of the bio-oil, increase with rising reaction temperature. The composition of the bio-oils obtained through HTL experiments was investigated in more detail: cyclopentenes and furfurals were obtained from disaccharide decomposition, piperidines and quinolines in the bio-oil originate from lysine, pyrazine and its derivatives are obtained from the mixture of lysine and disaccharides. A reaction scheme based on key chemical compounds accompanied with functional groups identified by FT-IR and NMR was developed to provide a better understanding of the Maillard reaction and its impact during HTL of protein-containing biomass.

Hydrothermal liquefaction of protein-containing biomass: study of model compounds for Maillard reactions

https://dc.engconfintl.org/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1003&context=pyroliq_2019

The influence of lipids on the fate of nitrogen during hydrothermal liquefaction of protein-containing biomass

Bio-hydrogen production from steam reforming of liquid biomass wastes and biomass-derived oxygenates: A review

Sustainable production of liquid biofuels and value-added platform chemicals by hydrodeoxygenation of lignocellulosic bio-oil over a carbon–neutral Mo2C/CNF catalyst

Exergoenvironmental analysis of hydrogen production through glycerol steam reforming

Objective To assess the benefit of protective ostomies on anastomotic leak rate, urgent re-operations, and mortality due to anastomotic leak complications in ovarian cancer surgery. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in MEDLINE, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for all studies on anastomotic leak and ostomy formation related to ovarian cancer surgery. Non-controlled studies, case series, abstracts, case reports, study protocols, and letters to the editor were excluded. Meta-analysis was performed on the primary endpoint of anastomotic leak rate. Subgroup analysis was carried out based on type of bowel resection and bevacizumab use. Secondary endpoints were urgent re-operations and mortality associated with anastomotic leak, length of hospital stay, postoperative complications, 30-day readmission rate, adjuvant chemotherapy, survival, and reversal surgery in ostomy and non-ostomy patients. Results A total of 17 studies (2,719 patients) were included: 16 retrospective cohort studies, and 1 case-control study. Meta-analysis of 17 studies did not show a decrease in anastomotic leak rate in ostomy patients (odds ratio [OR]=1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.60–1.70; p=0.980). Meta-analysis of ten studies (1,452 women) did not find a decrease in urgent re-operations in the ostomy group (OR=0.72; 95% CI=0.35–1.46; p=0.360). Other outcomes were not considered for meta-analysis due to the lack of data in included studies. Conclusion Protective ostomies did not decrease anastomotic leak rates, and urgent re-operations in ovarian cancer surgery. This evidence supports the use of ostomies in very select cases.

Protective ostomies in ovarian cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

https://ijgc.bmj.com/content/ijgc/32/Suppl_2/A167.1.full.pdf

2022-RA-1660-ESGO Lymphadenectomy in high-risk endometrial cancer

<h3>Introduction/Background</h3> Direct metastases to the para-aortic lymph nodes in endometrial cancer are extremely rare. A direct route of lymphatic propagation from the uterus to the para-aortic nodes through the infundibulopelvic ligament has been suggested. The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics and 5 years overall survival of isolated para-aortic lymphatic metastases in high-risk endometrial cancer. <h3>Methodology</h3> Retrospective study of patients with high-risk endometrial cancer was performed in a reference center in gynecological oncology. All patients underwent surgery including complete lymph node staging by pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy. Patients were divided into three groups based on the patterns of lymphatic metastases: isolated para-aortic lymphatic metastases, isolated pelvic lymphatic metastases, and dual lymphatic metastases (pelvic and para-aortic metastases). Clinicopathological characteristics and 5-year survival were compared between the three groups. <h3>Results</h3> 147 women diagnosed with high-risk endometrial cancer underwent surgery, performing pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy during surgery. The mean age of the patients was 61.62 years. The most common histological type was endometrioid adenocarcinoma (37.4%), followed by serous carcinoma (31.3%). Regarding the histological grade, 77.6% was G3. The most frequent FIGO stage was IA (38.8%). Regarding lymph node dissemination, the proportion of patients with isolated para-aortic lymphatic metastases was 4.76% (n=8), isolated pelvic metastases 17.69% (n= 26) and dual metastases (pelvic and para-aortic) 7 .48% (n= 11). Patients with isolated pelvic lymphatic metastases and isolated para-aortic lymphatic metastases shared similar histologic features. The 5-year overall survival rate in the cohort of patients with isolated para-aortic nodes was 62.5% and 61.5% in the cohort of patients with isolated pelvic nodes. Overall survival in the cohort of patients with metastases duals was 36.4%. <h3>Conclusion</h3> Patients with high-risk endometrial cancers with isolated lymphatic and para-aortic metastases and isolated pelvic metastases share similar clinical pathological features and prognoses. 

/pdf/2022-ra-1593-esgo-isolated-para-aortic-lymph-node-metastases-2ift1rkj.pdf

2022-RA-1593-ESGO Isolated para-aortic lymph node metastases in high risk endometrial cancer

Despite the fact that obesity is the main risk factor for endometrial cancer, there is limited evidence regarding the effects of body weight change on overweight and obese women treated for early-stage endometrial can its impact on cancer outcomes. A retrospective cohort study was performed including all overweight and obese patients with early-stage type-I endometrial cancer that were treated at the Insular University Hospital of Las Palmas (Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain) between January 2007 and December 2019. Body weight change at 12 months of treatment was evaluated, as well as its impact on cancer outcomes. Weight loss ≥5% was independently evaluated regarding its impact on survival. A total of 526 women were studied, of which 152 (28.90%) were overweight (BMI ≥25 and <30) and 374 (71.10%) were obese (BMI ≥30). The median follow-up was 76.17 months, during which time 77 (14.64%) women died. In the survivor group, body weight at initial diagnosis was 86.4±17.9 kg compared with 84.6±16.4 kg 1 year after treatment, which corresponded to a significant mean weight loss of 1.47 kg (P<0.001). However, in the group of non-survivors, body weight at initial diagnosis was 84.7±15.7 kg compared with 84.7±14.6 kg 1 year after treatment, which demonstrated a non-significant mean weight loss of 0.63 kg (P=0.180). When comparing between the patients who maintained or gained ≥5% weight and those who lost ≥5% weight, there were no significant differences taking into account the whole cohort and follow-up time; however, when adjusting for the period between 32 and 98 months, survival was significantly higher in those patients that lost ≥5% of their initial body weight (P=0.025; log-rank test). Based on the final univariate and cer and multivariate analyses, body weight change at 12 months was not indicated to be a factor significantly affecting overall survival; adjusted hazard ratio was 1.01 (95% CI 0.97-1.05, P=0.723). In conclusion, even if greater weight loss is observed in patients with endometrial cancer that survive the disease, no significant impact on survival outcomes is observed based on multivariate analysis.

Impact of weight loss after treatment on survival outcomes of overweight and obese patients with early‑stage endometrial cancer

https://zaguan.unizar.es/record/58486/files/texto_completo.pdf

Hydrogen production from cheese whey by catalytic steam reforming: Preliminary study using lactose as a model compound

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Protective ostomies in ovarian cancer surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2022-RA-1660-ESGO Lymphadenectomy in high-risk endometrial cancer

2022-RA-1593-ESGO Isolated para-aortic lymph node metastases in high risk endometrial cancer

Impact of weight loss after treatment on survival outcomes of overweight and obese patients with early‑stage endometrial cancer

Hydrogen production from cheese whey by catalytic steam reforming: Preliminary study using lactose as a model compound