Amid global climate imperatives and intensified economic competition, pivoting from China's conventional growth paradigms to innovative economic catalysts emerges as pivotal for its transformative agenda. Drawing on panel data from 141 principal urban conglomerates spanning 2011–2021, this investigation delves into the intricate nexus between the digital economy and carbon total factor productivity. Our empirical analysis unveils a U-shaped trajectory characterizing the digital economy - carbon total factor productivity interplay, accompanied by a congruent spatial spillover dynamic. While digital economy fortifies environmental governance mechanisms through amplified data and media channels, such regulatory frameworks, albeit efficacious in emission abatement, may inadvertently impede economic vitality, thus attenuating carbon total factor productivity. Progressing from digital economy's foundational phase to its comprehensive deployment, its reverberations on capital productivity manifest in a U-shaped curve, invigorating local carbon total factor productivity while potentially undermining adjacent regions. This digital economy - carbon total factor productivity interrelation is accentuated in advanced, non-resource-reliant metropolises with subdued innovation propensities. This discourse proffers nuanced policy implications for sculpting digital economy trajectories and bolstering carbon total factor productivity in a sustainable context. 

The impact of digital economy on carbon total factor productivity: A spatial analysis of major urban agglomerations in China.

In the context of global climate change, China is actively promoting the deep integration of "digital economy" and a "low-carbon economy." Studying the impact of the digital economy on carbon emissions has become a crucial task. Therefore, this study examines the direction and channels of the digital economy's impact on urban carbon emissions using the two-way fixed effects and mediation effects model. The study shows that the digital economy significantly inhibits urban carbon emissions, and the conclusion still holds after various robustness tests. The digital economy can mitigate land resource mismatch through effective mitigation, while the rational allocation and use of land resources contribute to reducing urban carbon emissions. From the heterogeneity perspective, the digital economy's inhibitory effect on urban carbon emissions is more evident in places outside the Yangtze River Economic Belt and non-resource cities. This argues that the development of the digital economy should be fully promoted, and the allocation of land resources should be optimized to release the digital economy's environmental dividend. Meanwhile, developing regional differentiation policies is crucial to achieving carbon emission reduction. 

Digital economy, land resource misallocation and urban carbon emissions in Chinese resource-based cities

Energy transition policies are of great significance in adjusting the structure of energy supply and demand and coping with climate change. The new energy demonstration city pilot (NEDCP) policy, as an important pilot project in China's energy transition process, lacks a scientific assessment of the carbon reduction effect of the NEDCP policy and an in-depth explanation of the mechanism of the NEDCP. Based on panel data of 209 Chinese cities at the prefectural and higher levels from 2007 to 2019, this study takes the NEDCP policy as a quasi-natural experiment, using a difference-in-differences model combined with firm-level data to identify the impact of the NEDCP policy on urban carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. This study analyzes the impact of heterogeneity of urban characteristics on the policy effect from multiple perspectives, and further investigates its mechanism. The conclusions are shown in the following aspects. (1) The implementation of the NEDCP policy decreases urban CO2 emissions significantly. Meanwhile, a series of robustness tests, including the instrumental variables method, propensity score matching difference-in-differences method, placebo test, exclusion of policy interference test, and machine learning method, support this conclusion. (2) The NEDCP policy achieves carbon reduction effects mainly through scale and structure effects. (3) The results of the heterogeneity test show that the NEDCP policy is more effective in cities with higher administrative levels, energy-demanding cities, cities in the southeast of Hu-line, and cities with a higher degree of nationalization. Therefore, the Chinese government should summarize the implementation experience of the NEDCP policy and expand its scope of application. The evaluation of the NEDCP policy in China has important reference value for the energy transition of other developing countries. 

How does new energy demonstration city pilot policy affect carbon dioxide emissions? Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment in China.

In the context of global digitalization, fostering the expansion of the digital economy holds immense importance in promoting energy efficiency and reducing emissions. Utilizing a sample of 281 prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2019, this research analyzes the impact of the digital economy on urban carbon emissions in China. This study employs various methods, including principal component analysis, fixed-impact model, and mediating effect model. Based on the research findings, the development of the digital economy has the potential to significantly reduce carbon emissions in metropolitan areas. Moreover, these effects are especially noticeable in cities located to the east of the Hu Huanyong Line. These cities are characterized by limited reliance on resources and a high level of marketization. Further research reveals that promoting technical innovation and modernizing industrial structures can reduce the intensity of carbon emissions in metropolitan areas. This study provides empirical evidence supporting the effective reduction of carbon emissions in developing countries during the evolution of the digital economy. It acts as a crucial cornerstone for guiding policies and executing strategies aimed at fostering top-tier economic development in the future. The findings of this study confirm the inhibitory effect of the digital economy on urban carbon emission intensity. However, this study has limitations in data samples, research scope, and depth of mechanism analysis, which prevent a full exploration of the spatial spillover effect of the digital economy and other factors. Therefore, the conclusions drawn in this study can only provide empirical evidence for identifying the relationship between the digital economy and carbon emission intensity to a certain extent. Future research should aim to expand on these aspects. 

Can digital economy development contribute to urban carbon emission reduction? - Empirical evidence from China.

Can digital infrastructure induce urban green innovation? New insights from China

It is theoretical and practical significance to incorporate the digital economy (DE) into the measurement framework of carbon rebound effect (CRE) for the accurate measurement of the current CRE of Chinese cities. Based on Chinese city-level data from 2011 to 2019, this study innovatively incorporates DE as a driver of carbon emissions, measures the urban CRE in DE through an improved stochastic frontier (SFA) model of carbon emissions, and further explores the formation mechanism of DE to induce the CRE of Chinese cities. When the DE was integrated into the measurement framework of the CRE, the CRE of Chinese cities ranged from 40.7% to 99.1%, with a mean value of 58.4%, indicating that the actual carbon reduction in Chinese cities under the DE was only approximately 40% of that expected. Meanwhile, the CRE of Chinese cities is characterized by cyclical fluctuations and a spatial distribution pattern of “inland to coastal decreasing,” and the polarization effect gradually appears. It is worth noting that the DE significantly contributed to CRE. It will enhance energy efficiency and promote economic growth, which will increase energy consumption through the “substitution effect,” “income effect,” and “output effect,” thus inducing and expanding the urban CRE. 

Digital economy and carbon rebound effect: Evidence from Chinese cities

Digital infrastructure construction, carbon total factor productivity, and carbon rebound effect.

The hot summer and cold winter zone is a transition zone between the cold zone and hot zone, sweltering in summer and chilly in winter, of which climate is worse. In recent years, with people’s raised requirements on indoor living environments, the energy consumption of buildings in hot summer and cold winter zone has been greatly increased. However, the thermal performance of walls in this zone is worse, and thus a mass of energy is wasted. This paper thoroughly analyzes and compares some energy-saving wall materials and thermal insulation systems used in projects in general, according to the climate in the zone combined with the design standard for the walls of residential buildings in the hot summer and cold winter zone. The results indicate that reasonably selecting the applicable wall materials and thermal insulation systems according to the local energy consumption characteristics could optimize resource utilization and have a positive effect on energy efficiency.

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The Study on Thermal Performance and Applicability of Energy-saving Wall Materials in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zones

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Digital economy and carbon rebound effect: Evidence from Chinese cities

Digital infrastructure construction, carbon total factor productivity, and carbon rebound effect.

The Study on Thermal Performance and Applicability of Energy-saving Wall Materials in Hot Summer and Cold Winter Zones