The quality analysis of water, pharmaceutical and environmental compounds is a basic subject for human health. The presence of low-quality drugs, biological toxins and chemical compounds in water or forbidden additives in the nourishments lead to irreversible problems in human health. Hence, multiple analytical approaches have been presented for investigating the quality of environmental, pharmaceutical, and food compounds and monitoring the detection of toxic compounds and pollutants in water. Sensing tools based on analytical strategies are required for identifying and quantifying the different pollutants including biological and chemical contaminants in water samples. Among different biosensing and sensing tools, portable sensing assays are of special importance because of their great advantages such as simplicity, affordability, portability and ability to on-site detection. Therefore, during the last decades, designing and fabricating portable assays with great sensitivity and selectivity have been considered by many researchers and scientists for detection of various water pollutants. In this paper, the latest improvements in portable biosensors and sensors in the monitoring of biological and chemical pollutants in different samples of water are extensively explained. Initially, different portable sensing assays and novel technologies in their development are addressed. Then, by introducing various biological (bacteria, algae, toxins) and chemical pollutants (heavy metals, aromatic compounds, pesticides and insecticides), different portable sensors which have been developed for the detection of the pollutants are presented. Finally, upcoming perspectives and future challenges are thoroughly described.

Recent advances on portable sensing and biosensing assays applied for detection of main chemical and biological pollutant agents in water samples: A critical review

The removal of antibiotics from the aquatic environment has received great interest. The aim of this study is to examine degradation of oxytetracycline (OTC), tetracycline (TC), chlortetracycline (CTC), amoxicillin (AMO), sulfamethazine (SMZ), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), sulfadimethoxine (SDM) in sludge. Four antibiotic-degrading bacterial strains, SF1 (Pseudmonas sp.), A12 (Pseudmonas sp.), strains B (Bacillus sp.), and SANA (Clostridium sp.), were isolated, identified and tested under aerobic and anaerobic conditions in this study. Batch experiments indicated that the addition of SF1 and A12 under aerobic conditions and the addition of B and SANA under anaerobic conditions increased the biodegradation of antibiotics in sludge. Moreover, the results of repeated addition experiments indicated that the efficiency of the biodegradation of antibiotics using the isolated bacterial strains could be maintained for three degradation cycles. Two groups of potential microbial communities associated with the aerobic and anaerobic degradation of SMX, AMO and CTC in sludge were revealed. Twenty-four reported antibiotics-degrading bacterial genera (Achromobacter, Acidovorax, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Bacillus, Burkholderia, Castellaniella, Comamonas, Corynebacterium, Cupriavidus, Dechloromonas, Geobacter, Gordonia, Klebsiella, Mycobacterium, Novosphingobium, Pandoraea, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus, Sphingomonas, Thauera, Treponema, Vibrio and Xanthobacter) were found in both the aerobic and anaerobic groups, suggesting that these 24 bacterial genera may be the major antibiotic-degrading bacteria in sludge.

Biodegradation of Amoxicillin, Tetracyclines and Sulfonamides in Wastewater Sludge

Application of constructed wetlands in the PAH remediation of surface water: A review

Advanced oxidation of landfill leachate: Removal of micropollutants and identification of by-products.

Waste disposal in landfills has gained momentum in the last few decades as it is one among the easy and cost-effective method for waste management for the accelerating global population. Heterogenous nature of the waste ending up in landfills makes it difficult to predict the fate of these pollutants making it difficult for its biomonitoring and specific treatment. Among the major issues associated with landfill treatment, liquid percolation from this heterogenous waste substrate collectively referred as leachate poses the greater risk to environment through soil and ground water pollution. The diversity of micropollutants presents in landfill leachates ranging from microbial pathogens, pesticides, microplastics, pharmaceuticals and other harmful chemicals calls for crucial attention towards improving methods used for their treatment and removal. This review summarizes the key components of landfill leachates with specific emphasize on micropollutant content of leachate. Further the features of most recent and advanced technologies that were successfully explored for micropollutant removal from landfill leachates are presented in this review. 

Micropollutants characteristics, fate, and sustainable removal technologies for landfill leachate: A technical perspective

Occurrence, loadings and removal of EU-priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in wastewater and sludge by advanced biological treatment, stabilization pond and constructed wetland

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Occurrence, loadings and removal of EU-priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in wastewater and sludge by advanced biological treatment, stabilization pond and constructed wetland