Since its observation in 1985 nuclear resonant scattering of synchrotron radiation has become an excellent tool to study hyperfine interactions as well as dynamical effects in solids. It combines the advantages of both local probe experiments and scattering techniques and gives valuable information on magnetic structures in case of NFS experiments and of the density of phonon states in case of NIS experiments. Experiments benefit from the outstanding beam quality of 3rd generation synchrotron radiation sources, as the small beam size and divergence.

Nuclear Resonant Scattering of Synchrotron Radiation

The powder samples of (x = 4, 5 and 6) alloys have been measured by means of magnetization, Mossbauer effect, x-ray and neutron diffraction techniques in the temperature range 15 - 400 K Both neutron and x-ray diffraction experiments showed that the positions f in all samples are occupied by iron, while the iron atoms in the samples with x = 5 and 6 locate also at j sites A little f - j disorder exists in  The paper shows a change of the magnetic structure with an increase of iron content The magnetic moments lie in a basal a - b plane Iron atoms in alloy order antiferromagnetically and alloys exhibit in general a ferromagnetic behaviour However a detailed distribution of magnetic moments among different sites could not be determined unambiguously from the neutron data only Nevertheless, combining information from neutron and Mossbauer experiments, one can infer that the ordering among iron atoms must be non-collinear A magnetic ordering among uranium atoms has been found in only Low-temperature thermal expansion varies nonlinearly with temperature and in all samples is negligible at low temperatures

The crystal and magnetic structures of intermetallic compounds

Analytical expressions for the intensity tensor in the case of 3/2-1/2 nuclear transitions are obtained and the properties of the trace, symmetric and antisymmetric parts of the intensity tensor for a single transition are discussed. It is shown that in the principal axis system of the symmetric part of the intensity tensor the angular dependence of absorption of the circularly polarized resonant radiation depends essentially on only one parameter - the maximal degree of circular polarization. The latter parameter is directly connected with the antisymmetric part of the intensity tensor. It is shown that the so-called ambiguity problem, including the sign of the hyperfine magnetic field, can be solved by measuring the antisymmetric part using circularly polarized radiation. Some values typical in circular polarimetry can be measured in a standard experiment and vice versa. Explicit expressions for the line intensities of the powdered absorber are given in the general case of mixed transitions. The symmetry of the shape of the spectra with different signs of the electric field is explained. An experiment is proposed in which all parameters of the I = 3/2 spin Hamiltonian can be unambiguously determined.

Explicit expression for the intensity tensor for 3/2-1/2 transitions and solution of the ambiguity problem in Mössbauer spectroscopy

An expression for the line intensities in the case of a monochromatic, circularly polarized Mossbauer radiation is derived and a method of correcting for the incomplete degree of polarization is worked out. Experiments with circularly polarized radiation allows one to determine the average direction of magnetic moment of iron. The advantages of the polarized source are demonstrated by showing differences in the magnetization distribution in a recording material magnetized along different directions. Links between Mossbauer and neutron depolarization technique are discussed.

Magnetic texture determination by means of the monochromatic circularly polarized Mössbauer spectroscopy

Combined techniques, EXAFS, magnetization, and M\"ossbauer polarimetry are used to investigate the orientation of Fe magnetic moments in a ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{48}{\mathrm{Al}}_{52}$ disordered alloy prepared by mechanical grinding. Local Fe magnetic moments and their contributions to the net magnetization at selected external fields and temperatures were estimated. It was found that components of the Fe magnetic moments parallel to the net magnetizations reduce their values much faster with an increasing number of neighboring Al atoms than the total iron moments. Data analysis indicates that magnetic moments of Fe atoms surrounded by $(7\mathrm{Al}+1\mathrm{Fe})$ in the first coordination shell and by $(1\mathrm{Al}+5\mathrm{Fe})$ in the second coordination shell possess nonzero magnetic moments that form a noncolinear structure.

Arrangements of magnetic moments in nanocrystalline Fe 48 Al 52

A single line source of linearly polarized radiation in a conventional Mossbauer setup working at room temperature with 57 Co in Cr matrix was constructed. The ordered Fe 3 Si was used as a filter. The estimated degree of polarization of the source depends on the preparation and thickness of the polarizer. The best polarization degree (92 ± 8)% was achieved. The measurements with polarized radiation lead to significant simplification of the complex spectra and allow to study components arising from various polarizations separately. In particular, it is possible to extract Δ m  = (1, −1) and Δ m  = 0 transitions by use of a linearly polarized beam. Moreover polarized beam can be used for determination of texture parameters related to spatial arrangements of spins in the plane perpendicular to the radiation beam. Such parameters are not easily measurable by other methods. The Mossbauer spectra of invar Fe 65 Ni 35 measured by monochromatic linearly polarized radiation are shown as an example.

A single line circularly polarised source for Mössbauer spectroscopy

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A single line circularly polarised source for Mössbauer spectroscopy