In 1962, Caraway I highlighted the potential for therapeutic drugs and endogenous compounds to modify the concentrations of various analytes in body fluids. A few years later, others, including Elking and Kabat! and Sunderman;' amplified Caraway's earlier report. These early papers prompted many clinical chemists to begin to question their test results, something that clinicians often did when the results did not appear to fit the clinical picture of their patients. At the time these papers were written there was legitimate concern about the analytical specificity of many laboratory methods, and clinicians did not have confidence in the test results. The clinician's view was that any test result that did not conform to his or her clinical impression was erroneous. My personal interest in the effects of drugs on clinical laboratory tests was triggered by physicians criticizing certain test results that my laboratory produced. They felt that the results were not in keeping with their clinical impressions. They concluded the test results were wrong. Yet I knew that quality assurance data were within acceptable limits. Obtaining drug histories often identified likely causes of abnormal results. Sometimes, the clinicians were not aware of all the in vivo effects of the drugs they were using. It was possible to show that the abnormal test result was related to a side-effect. Sometimes we were able to demonstrate an interference of a drug with an analytical method. It seemed worth capturing the effort put into tracking the causes of spurious results so that other laboratory staff might find it easier to explain unanticipated test results. The information I accumulated was first published in a regular issue of Clinical Chemistry.' updated in a special issue of the journal, and then, periodically, in books published by the American Association for Clinical Chemistry (AACC), the most recent in 1995.5 The amount of information related to the effect of drugs on clinical laboratory tests is growing. One continuing concern is the point at which data should be considered obsolete and not reported. Generally, data on analytical interferences of drugs have been deleted from the master file when references are more than 15 years old. However, for procedures that continue to be widely used, e.g. urine dipsticks, the reported effects have been republished. In the early editions of the publication there was considerable emphasis on the effects of drugs on the analytical methods. In the later editions there has been less emphasis on analytical interferences as analytical specificity has improved. In all the editions I have adopted the philosophy that it is as important to document that a drug has been demonstrated not to have an effect on a particular method as it is to describe the effects that it does have. The clinician is often faced with an unexpected abnormal result. He or she needs to know all the possible causes. Invariably, clinicians are unaware of the analytical methods used to measure the analytes that they require to be measured. They are also often unaware of some of the side-effects of drugs that they use relatively infrequently. Thus, to provide all the information that clinicians and laboratory staff need to properly interpret the test results, the database of the effects of drugs must be fully comprehensive. A repeatedly asked question is whether the availability of databases of effects of drugs on clinical laboratory tests can influence medical practice. Most users of the database can provide anecdotal accounts of instances when it was able to provide an explanation for unexpected abnormal results. Shortly after the publication of the second compilation of the database.P we embarked on a study at the University of Wisconsin Hospitals? to determine whether automatic reporting to physicians of potential drug-induced causes of abnormal test results could modify medical practice. More than 13 000 patient-days in patients in general surgical, minimal or moderate medical care, or intensive care units, were followed.

Effects of drugs on clinical laboratory tests

This study evaluated the impacts of inclusion of Moringa Oleifera leaves extract (MOLE) in semen extender on rams cryopreserved semen quality and fertilization potential. Forty ejaculates were coll...

Enhancement impact of Moringa oleifera leaves extract–base extender on cryopreservation and fertilization of Barki ram sperms: comparative study with vitamin E and selenium combination

The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of flamboyant flower extract as a natural antioxidant on sperm quality of Aceh cattle after dilution and equilibration. Fresh semen was collected from 2 healthy bull aged 3.5-4 years old. The research took place in BIB Laboratory. The method used was CRD (Completed Randomized Design), with 6 treatments and 5 replications each The treatments (m/v) were 0%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15% and 0.20% of flamboyant flower extracts. The method used was CRD (Completed Randomized Design), with 6 treatments and 5 replications each. The treatments (m/v) were 0%, 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15% and 0.20% of flamboyant flower extracts. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA). Parameters evaluated in this study were motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity, and abnormality. Results showed that there was an insignificant effect (p>0.05) of flamboyant flower extract on the quality of Aceh cattle spermatozoa. The best percentage of motility and viability, 80.0% and 88.4%, respectively, were found at P3 (0.15% flamboyant flower extract). In can be concluded from the research that the addition of 0.15% (m/v) D. regia flower extract was able to maintain sperm quality of Aceh cattle to be used in the artificial insemination program.

/pdf/potential-of-flamboyant-flower-delonix-regia-boj-ex-hook-raf-4636kxeu89.pdf

Potential of Flamboyant Flower (Delonix regia (Boj. ex Hook) Raf) Extract to Maintain Post-Dilution Quality of Aceh Cattle (Bos taurus indicus) Spermatozoa

Sperm cryopreservation is the process of preserving sperm cells at low temperatures, so that its frozen semen can be used in the future. The quality of the frozen sperm is affected by the diluent. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of commercial diluents on acrosome status, malondialdehyde (MDA) and aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) enzyme concentration of thawed Limousin and Simmental bull semen. Semen was collected twice weekly using an artificial vagina. The fresh semen processed into frozen semen hadÂ  sperm motility of 70%. The one-step procedure was used for the dilution methods. AndromedÂ®, OptixcellÂ® and SteridylÂ® were used as diluents. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey HSD 5% confidence interval. The result showed no interaction (P0.05) between two factors on acrosome status. The sperm acrosome damage of Simmental in SteridylÂ® was significantly lower than others (P0.05), although all diluents showed low sperm acrosome damage. Also, no interaction between the type of diluent and breed on MDA and AspAT enzyme concentrations was detected (P0.05). The results suggest that three commercial diluents have equal efficacy in protecting acrosome status and maintaining MDA and AspAT enzyme concentrations of frozen Limousin and Simmental bull semen. Therefore, all commercial diluents can be an alternative for Limousin and Simmental frozen semen.

pdf/assessment-of-sperm-acrosome-status-malondialdehyde-and-20ybue7b7x.pdf

Assessment of sperm acrosome status, malondialdehyde and aspartate aminotransferase enzyme concentration of frozen semen from Limousin and Simmental bulls in different commercial diluents

Abstract: Oocytes cryopreservation in mammalian species has gained a rapid pace during the past couple of decades emphasizing its importance in various assisted reproductive technologies .Aim of this work was to study effects of different cryoprprotectant agents: Ethylene Glycol (EG), Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and combination of them (EG+DMSO) on the viability, mitochondrial distribution and intensity of in vitro matured vitrified/ thawed buffalo oocytes by determine: 1) the effect of different on the and developmental of vitro Morphologically normal matured oocytes with first polar were placed in vitrification solution (VS1) for 1 min then oocytes were transferred to (VS2) for 30 sec. VS1 is half concentration of VS2 which contain EG 40% (EG group) or DMSO 40% (DMSO group) or EG 20%+DMSO 20% (Combination group). Oocytes were loaded in sterile 0.25 ml straws and stores in liquid nitrogen for 7-10 days. Morphological changes (normal and abnormal) of vitrified thawed in vitro mature buffalo oocyte were detected under invertd microscope. Mitotracker red stain and confocal microscope (Zeiss 710) were used to study the mitochondrial distribution and Hochest dye to study the viability of in vitro vitrified/ thawed matured buffalo oocytes. The obtained results revealed that using a combination of EG+DMSO for vitrification resulted in the best quality of in vitro vitrified thawed buffalo oocytes which was demonstrated by significantly higher percent of morphologically normal recovered oocytes and transferable embryos when compared with EG and DMSO. More mitochondria were diffusely distributed in the fresh oocytes (93.33%) than in all vitrified groups oocytes: DMSO group (63.33%), EG group (79.99%) and DMSO+ EG group (79.99%). The Mean No. of mitochondrial intensity of recovered mature oocytes vitrified in EG+DMSO group (186.22) was significantly higher (P < 0.05) than those vitrified in EG group (153.33) and DMSO group (146.98). In conclusion: Combination of EG+DMSO cryoprotectants improve the viability and developmental competence of in vitro matured vitrified/thawed buffalo oocytes.

Effect of Different Cryoprotectant Agents on Mitochondrial Distribution and Developmental Competence in Buffalo Oocyte (Bubalus Bubalis)

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of addition of aqueous or methanolic Moringa oleifera leaves extract (MOLE) at different levels (0, 100, 200 and 300 μg/ml) as antibiotic alternative to Friesian bull semen extender on sperm characteristics post-dilution, equilibration and thawed. The enzyme activity and antioxidant capacity of bull seminal plasma were determined in post-thawed semen. Five Friesian bulls (3-4 years old and 400-450 kg LBW) were used. Semen was collected from bulls by an artificial vagina twice a week for 5 weeks. After ejaculation semen was evaluated for mass motility and only the ejaculates of ≥70% percentage were pooled and diluted at 370C using citrate-egg yolk extender and divided into seven portions, control (E1), 100 (E2), 200 (E3), 300 (E4) μg aqueous MOLE /ml semen extender or 100 (E5), 200 (E6), 300 (E7) μg methanolic MOLE /ml semen extender. After semen dilution it was equilibrated at 50C for 4 h then it placed in liquid nitrogen at -1960C. Frozen semen stored for two month was thawed at 370C for 30 sec. Semen samples were evaluated for characteristics including sperm motility, livability, abnormality, acrosome damage and hypo osmotic swelling test (sperm cells with curled tail) in diluted, equilibrated and thawed semen. Activity of AST, ALT, LDH, catalase and glutathione in post thawed samples seminal plasma were determined. The present results indicated that adding 300 μg of methanolic Moringa oleifera leaves extract to each 1 ml of citrate-egg yolk extender as an alternative to penicillin and streptomycin can improve quality of Friesian bull semen during different preservation stages.

https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_40526_e3c096813ec149f5aff89d0121271c45.pdf

Different Types and Levels of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract as a Source of Antibiotics in Friesian Bull Semen Extender

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of cryopreservation by conventional straws on viability and normality, in vitro maturation and fertilization and blastocyst production rate of cryopreserved immature buffalo oocytes. Oocytes were recovered from ovaries of slaughtered buffaloes, cryopreserved in tissue culture medium and thawed. Thereafter, oocytes were in vitro matured, fertilized and cultured. The obtained results indicated that viability rate (89.2 vs. 92.7%) and normality percentage (67.7 vs. 80.3%) was lower (P<0.05) for the cryopreserved than fresh oocytes. Percentage of oocytes at stage (in vitro maturation rate) was lower (P<0.05) for cryopreserved than fresh oocytes (40.8 vs. 61.7%). Fertilization rate was lower (P<0.05) for cryopreserved than fresh oocytes (38.5 vs. 75.3%). Blastocyst rate relative to total oocytes was lower (P<0.05) for cryopreserved than fresh oocytes (5.2 vs. 23.6%). This study indicated the possibility of cryopreserved immature buffalo oocytes collected from ovaries of slaughtered buffaloes to in vitro mature, fertilize and develop to embryos at blastocyst stage, but at a little extend of that in fresh case.

https://jappmu.journals.ekb.eg/article_52723_19e71bc5958329390f7b34dec6f1ee79.pdf

In vitro maturation and fertilization of cryopreserved oocytes of egyptian buffaloes.

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

M. E. R. Hammad

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Different Types and Levels of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract as a Source of Antibiotics in Friesian Bull Semen Extender

In vitro maturation and fertilization of cryopreserved oocytes of egyptian buffaloes.