A review of physical and cognitive interventions in aging.

Adaptive Capacity: An Evolutionary Neuroscience Model Linking Exercise, Cognition, and Brain Health.

Process-based cognitive trainings (PCTs) and novelty interventions are two traditional approaches aiming to prevent cognitive decline and dementia. However, both have their limitations. PCTs improve performance only in cognitive tests similar to the training tasks with inconsistent transfer effects on dissimilar tests. We argue that this learning specificity is due to a low training task variability. Novelty interventions are characterized by a high task variability but do not target specific processing demands affected in aging and dementia. To overcome the limitations of both approaches, we developed a process-based novelty intervention using a card and board game-based training approach. Here, we use highly variable tasks, which overlap in targeted processing demands ("overlapping variability" framework). Another nontraditional training approach combines cognitively with physically challenging tasks to induce multimechanistic effects, which might even interact positively. Initial results of both synergistic approaches indicate their potential to enhance broad cognitive abilities and prevent dementia.

/pdf/novelty-interventions-to-enhance-broad-cognitive-abilities-2iwwbv6cab.pdf

Novelty interventions to enhance broad cognitive abilities and prevent dementia: synergistic approaches for the facilitation of positive plastic change.

Expectations are high with regards to smart home technology. In particular, smart home technology is expected to support or enable independent living by older adults. This raises the question: can smart home technology contribute to independent living, according to older adults themselves? This chapter aims to answer this question by reviewing and discussing older adults’ perspectives on independence and their views on smart home technology. Firstly, older adults’ opinions on independence and aging in place are discussed. Secondly, this chapter will review to what extent smart home technology can support older adults’ independence. Thirdly, it will be explained how community-dwelling older adults’ concept of independence entails three distinct types or modes, and how these modes are related to their perceptions and acceptance of technology. In the last section of this chapter, an overview of key points is presented, and recommendations for technology designers, policy makers, and care providers are postulated.

Can smart home technology deliver on the promise of independent living?: A critical reflection based on the perspectives of older adults

Necroptosis, a regulated form of necrosis, has emerged as a novel therapeutic strategy that could enhance cancer immunotherapy. However, its role in tumorigenesis is still debated because recent studies have reported both anti- and pro-tumoral effects. Here, we aimed to systematically evaluate the associations between tumor necroptosis (mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein, MLKL; phosphorylated MLKL, pMLKL; and receptor-interacting protein kinase 1–receptor-interacting protein kinase 3, RIPK1–RIPK3 interaction) and tumor-infiltrating immune cells (CD8+ and FOXp3+ T cells and CD163+ M2 macrophages) and tumor PD-L1 by immunohistochemistry in 88 cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) patients who had undergone surgical resection. Their associations with clinicopathological characteristics, survival data, and prognosis were evaluated. MLKL was found to be an unfavorable prognostic factor (p-value = 0.023, HR = 2.070) and was inversely correlated with a clinically favorable immune cell signature (high CD8+/high FOXp3+/low CD163+). Both pMLKL and RIPK1–RIPK3 interaction were detected in CCA primary tissues. In contrast to MLKL, pMLKL status was significantly positively correlated with a favorable immune signature (high CD8+/high FOXp3+/low CD163+) and PD-L1 expression. Patients with high pMLKL-positive staining were significantly associated with an increased abundance of CD8+ T cell intratumoral infiltration (p-value = 0.006). Patients with high pMLKL and PD-L1 expressions had a longer overall survival (OS). The results from in vitro experiments showed that necroptosis activation in an RMCCA-1 human CCA cell line selectively promoted proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine expression. Jurkat T cells stimulated with necroptotic RMCCA-1-derived conditioned medium promoted PD-L1 expression in RMCCA-1. Our findings demonstrated the differential associations of necroptosis activation (pMLKL) and MLKL with a clinically favorable immune signature and survival rates and highlighted a novel therapeutic possibility for combining a necroptosis-based therapeutic approach with immune checkpoint inhibitors for more efficient treatment of CCA patients.

/pdf/tumor-necroptosis-is-correlated-with-a-favorable-immune-cell-1culld3yih.pdf

Tumor necroptosis is correlated with a favorable immune cell signature and programmed death-ligand 1 expression in cholangiocarcinoma.

Background
Compare two groups of patients, ≥ 70 years old and < 70 years old, diagnosed with III-IV grade haemorrhoids that underwent a stapled haemorrhoidopexy. [1]

/pdf/pluriannual-experience-in-stapled-haemorrhoidopexy-in-the-2zdgx47xns.pdf

Pluriannual experience in stapled haemorrhoidopexy in the elderly

Necroptosis is associated with a better survival in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

Materials and methods 129 patients who underwent radical surgery for N0 colorectal cancer were selected and grouped into three age classes: 80. A subpopulation of 44 patients with colorectal cancer in stage II was selected from the initial group for a comparison with a control population consisting of 63 patients who underwent radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy for neoplasms at the same stage.

/pdf/n0-colorectal-cancer-in-the-elderly-prognostic-role-of-1q8bn5vb0y.pdf

N0 colorectal cancer in the elderly: prognostic role of advanced age and correlation with adjuvant chemotherapy

A Pig Model of Hemivascular Liver Occlusion for The Study of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Use of an Infrared System for Detecting Ischemic Areas

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Pluriannual experience in stapled haemorrhoidopexy in the elderly

Necroptosis is associated with a better survival in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma

N0 colorectal cancer in the elderly: prognostic role of advanced age and correlation with adjuvant chemotherapy

A Pig Model of Hemivascular Liver Occlusion for The Study of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury: Use of an Infrared System for Detecting Ischemic Areas