Whole-plant responses to salinity and their amelioration by externally supplied calcium: A case study for pea and barley

The current study analyzed heavy metal (HM) concentrations in the urban soil and tree leaves in the city of Novi Sad, Serbia, with the aim to identify specific tree species with good HM bioaccumulative abilities that can mitigate HM pollution in urban areas. Zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and lead (Pb) were selected for the analysis of tree leaves and soil at 16 locations close to urban roads, main boulevards and high-traffic streets. Leaf material of four most common tree species: Platanus × acerifolia (Aiton) Willd., Celtis occidentalis L., Tilia argentea L. and Quercus robur L. and soil samples were analyzed with the aim to identify the potential hotspots and sources of pollution. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t test was applied to the available data sets to find differences between the HM concentrations in the analyzed trees and soil samples. Geographic information system (GIS) mapping was used for visualization of the concentration distributions and illustration of the HM contaminated hotspots. Bioconcentration factors (BCF) were calculated and they showed that the plants of the species Celtis occidentalis L. have the ability to retain Cu, the species Quercus robur L. retains mostly Zn, Tilia argentea L. accumulates Pb, while Platanus x acerifolia (Aiton) Willd. retains the smallest amount of the tested HMs.

Potential of urban trees for mitigating heavy metal pollution in the city of Novi Sad, Serbia.

/pdf/ecological-risk-of-toxic-metal-contamination-in-soil-around-2py11uzc.pdf

Ecological Risk of Toxic Metal Contamination in Soil around Coal Mine and Thermal Power Plant

Svjetska referentna osnovica za tlo (World Reference Base for Soil Resources, WRB) je klasifikacijski sustav tla kojeg je prihvatilo Međunarodno pedolosko drustvo, a cija je konacna verzija zavrsena 2006. Cilj izrade navedene klasifikacije bio je da se kroz korelaciju nacionalnih s WRB klasifikacijom, omoguci sporazumijevanje znanstvenika iz podrucja sistematike tla u Svijetu. Potreba za informacijama o korelaciji nacionalnih klasifikacija u odnosu na WRB, svakim danom je sve izraženija. Zbog toga se nedavno i u Hrvatskoj zapocelo sa sustavnim terenskim i laboratorijskim istraživanjima tala sukladno novim kriterijima i normativima prema WRB klasifikaciji. S obzirom na veliku važnost spomenute klasifikacije za siri krug znanstvenika, kojima je tloznanstvo podrucje od posebnog interesa, u prvom dijelu rada prikazuju se osnovne informacije o WRB-u, te nacela, kljuc i pravila, kojih se treba pridržavati pri razvrstavanju tala. U drugom dijelu rada, daju se primjeri razvrstavanja tri karakteristicna tipa tla prema važecoj klasifikaciji tala u Hrvatskoj te njihova korelacija prema WRB klasifikaciji. Na kraju se ukazuje na moguce probleme prilikom uporabe WRB klasifikacije, odnosno na uocene nedostatke pri razvrstavanju tala, te prijedlozi za njezino poboljsanje.

/pdf/the-world-reference-base-for-soil-resources-wrb-with-the-5cbbj6sqva.pdf

The World Reference Base for soil resources (WRB) with the examples of its use in croatia

Soil is one of the most important natural resources. Measurement of natural radioactivity in soil is very important to determine the amount of change of the natural background activity with time as a result of any radioactivity release. Coal mine and thermal power plant in Gacko field is a very important industrial facility. The content of radionuclides of the soil was examined at Gacko area, slag, ash and mullock dumps in thethermal power plant Gacko and soils of dumps in the process of re-cultivation. The gamma – spectrometric measurements were done in the Institute of Nuclear Sciences “Vin c a” in Belgrade.Soil samples were collected in 2010/2014 at more locations in eastern part of Republic of Srpska. After removing the stones and vegetation, all soil samples for Gama spectrometric measurements dried up to 0 105 C, sieved, placed in the plastic 500 mL Marinelli beakers and left for four weeks to reach radioactive equilibrium. Given that there are no specific regulations in the Republic of Srpska, the concentration of natural and produced radionuclides in samples from the working and living environment of thermal power plants, comparison with literature data from the region and the world is one way of evaluating the impact of the plant's operation on the soils. The results point to the necessity of regular monitoring of radioactivity in eastern Herzegovina in order to assess the impact of the technologically increased natural radioactivity.

/pdf/soil-and-radionuclides-of-eastern-herzegovina-4yt3kgv8oh.pdf

Soil and radionuclides of eastern herzegovina

In the process of a thermal power plant operation (Gacko, East Herzegovina) there is a huge amount of ashes which is mostly deposited near it. In the process of coal exploitation and thermal power operation, a soil damage occurs by means of surface mines, material disposal as well as by sedimentation of aeroprecipitates created at the operation of the thermal power plant. This paper presents the results of detailed field and laboratory research of morphological, physical and chemical properties, 2 deposol profile and 4 profile natural autochthonous soil near to the dump with the aim to characterize the soil damage. In relation to the autochthonous soil, deposols are characterized by a greater depth of solum, heavier mechanical composition, increased alkalinity and carbonate status and lower contents of humus and overall nitrogen. The total contents of Cd, Pb, Cu on an autochthonous soil and deposols is below the MAC. The value of contents of total Zn in deposols is below the MAC, while in the natural autochthonous soil is above the MAC (339.03 ppm) and it indicates a contamination which can be of geochemical origin.

The impact of the thermal power plant in Gacko on land degradation.

The content of heavy metals in the Boulevard soil in Novi Sad, Serbia.

In urban areas, the soil is exposed to dynamic changes that may lead to its degradation. Urban soil is mostly anthropogenic and polluted due to the proximity of busy roads, industrial facilities and fossil fuel combustion. Urban soil is formed by direct human activity and as such has very different properties, which are generally less favorable than properties of natural soil. Although this type of soil is not used for agriculture its importance is great because in an urban environment it is a medium in which different types of plants are grown which leads to better environment of the city. The group of the most vulnerable soil includes the soil of city roads which is almost continuously changed by human activities such as various works on infrastructure networks, as well as the roads and paths. This paper presents the results of water-physical soil properties along Car Lazar Boulevard in Novi Sad, as one of the busiest roads. Along the boulevard alley, several types of lime are present which have different requirements of the soil. The analysis shows that the soil texture ranges from clay loam to coarse sandy loam and the coefficient of filtration of the samples is in the range from 1.35x10 to 7.43x10 cm/sec in the layer of 0-30 cm, respectively from 1.42x10 to 6.99x10 3 cm/sec in layer 30-60 cm. The total porosity ranges from 39.41% to 49.65% in the shallow, and from 41.97% to 47.56% in the deeper layer of the soil. The results suggest disparities of soil characteristics at the sites, making them difficult to use.

Water and physical properties of urbisols.

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The impact of the thermal power plant in Gacko on land degradation.

The content of heavy metals in the Boulevard soil in Novi Sad, Serbia.

Water and physical properties of urbisols.