Occurrence, fate, and risk assessment of typical tetracycline antibiotics in the aquatic environment: A review.

Adsorption of tetracycline antibiotics from aqueous solutions on nanocomposite multi-walled carbon nanotube functionalized MIL-53(Fe) as new adsorbent.

A comprehensive review on biodegradation of tetracyclines: Current research progress and prospect.

Adsorption of doxycycline from aqueous media: A review

Mitigating antibiotic pollution using cyanobacteria: Removal efficiency, pathways and metabolism.

Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl (FPE) was studied for possible ecotoxicity on two representative toxigenic cyanobacteria including Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystis viridis. Growth curves, chlorophyll a content, protein content, microcystin levels, oxidative stress, and apoptosis rates were measured for the two cyanobacteria after exposure to different concentrations of FPE. Results showed that the changes in chlorophyll a content and protein content were consistent with cell density, and M. viridis was more sensitive than M. aeruginosa to FPE. The results of oxidative stress indicated that FPE induced the generation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes including superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in these two cyanobacteria. To further explore the toxicity of FPE, apoptosis rates and toxin levels were measured for the two cyanobacteria. Different degrees of apoptosis rates were observed in the two cyanobacteria, and the apoptosis rates increased with the increase concentration of FPE. The intracellular and extracellular MC-LR were both affect by FPE. The presence of FPE in aquatic ecosystem may stimulate the synthesis and release of MC-LR, which may cause serious water pollution and pose threats to human health. These results may be useful for the ecotoxicity assessment of FPE and guiding the rational use of pesticides in agriculture.

Physiological effects and toxin release in Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystis viridis exposed to herbicide fenoxaprop-p-ethyl.

Veterinary antibiotics have been used extensively in many countries to treat diseases and protect the health of animals. As they are poorly adsorbed in the gut of the animals, the majority of antibiotics are excreted unchanged in faeces and urine. Therefore, antibiotic contaminants in aquatic ecosystems may pose physiological effects on aquatic lives. In the present study, growth inhibition and oxidative damage in cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa exposed to doxycycline hydrochloride were investigated. The results showed that doxycycline hydrochloride could inhibit the growth of M. aeruginosa under laboratory conditions. The inhibition percentages after 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h exposure at the concentration of 1 mg/L were 8.13%, 16.49%, 39.56% and 55.31%, respectively. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and the concentrations of malondialdehyde (MDA) in M. aeruginosa were stimulated by doxycycline hydrochloride after 24 h exposure under a series of concentrations. The results are useful for environmental assessment of antibiotics. Besides, it is also helpful for guiding the application of doxycycline hydrochloride in agricultural settings.

Aquatic Toxicity of Antibiotic Contaminant Doxycycline Hydrochloride on Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa

The global usage of veterinary antibiotics is significant. Antibiotics can be released into aquatic environments and elicit toxic effects on non-target organisms. In this study, the growth characteristics and toxin release of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) were examined to investigate the physiological effects of tetracycline antibiotics on aquatic life. Results showed that the degree of toxicities of the following target antibiotics was TC (tetracycline hydrochloride) > CTC (chlortetracycline hydrochloride) > OTC (oxytetracycline hydrochloride) in terms of growth parameters, EC10 (0.63, 1.86, and 3.02 mg/L, respectively), and EC20 (1.58, 4.09, and 4.86 mg/L, respectively) values. These antibiotics inhibited the production of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) to varying degrees. CTC interfered M. aeruginosa cells and decreased their ability to release MC-LR, but this antibiotic stimulated the ability of these cells to synthesize MC-LR at 2 and 5 mg/L. OTC elicited a relatively weaker toxicity than CTC did and reduced MC-LR release. TC was the most toxic among the three antibiotics, and this antibiotic simultaneously reduced intracellular and extracellular MC-LR equivalents. Our results helped elucidate the effects of tetracycline antibiotics on M. aeruginosa, which is essential for environmental evaluation and protection. Our results are also helpful for guiding the application of veterinary antibiotics in agricultural settings.

Toxin Release of Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa after Exposure to Typical Tetracycline Antibiotic Contaminants.

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Physiological effects and toxin release in Microcystis aeruginosa and Microcystis viridis exposed to herbicide fenoxaprop-p-ethyl.

Aquatic Toxicity of Antibiotic Contaminant Doxycycline Hydrochloride on Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa

Toxin Release of Cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa after Exposure to Typical Tetracycline Antibiotic Contaminants.