The discharge characteristics of aluminium in inhibited and uninhibited 4 M KOH at 50°C have been explored. The performance of pure aluminium as a fuel is compared with that for two leading alloy fuels that had been evaluated in our previous work, Alloy BDW (Al−1Mg−0.1In−0.2Mn) and Alloy 21 (Al−0.2Ga−0.1In−0.1Tl). The inhibitors employed in this study, SnO32−, In(OH)3, BiO33−, Ga(OH)4−, MnO42−, and binary combinations thereof, are either present in Alloys BDW and 21 or have been investigated previously (SnO32−). We found that potassium manganate (K2MnO4) and Na2SnO3+In(OH)3 are effective inhibitor systems, particularly at high discharge rates (400 mA cm−2), but at low discharge rates only manganate offers a significant advantage in coulombic efficiency over the uninhibited solution. Alloy BDW exhibits a very low open circuit (standby) corrosion rate, but its coulombic efficiency under discharge, as determined by delineating the partial anodic and cathodic reactions, was found to be no better than that of aluminium in the same uninhibited solution. Alloy 21 was found to exhibit a comparable performance to Alloy BDW under open circuit conditions and a much higher coulombic efficiency at low discharge rates (100 mA cm−2), but the performance of this alloy under high discharge rate conditions was not determined. Alloy 21 has the significant disadvantage that it contains thallium.

Development of anodes for aluminum/air batteries: Solution phase inhibition of corrosion

A rechargeable battery using a solution of an aluminum salt as an electrolyte is disclosed, as well as methods of making the battery and methods of using the battery.

Rechargeable Aluminum Ion Battery

Aluminum-MnO2 �Al/MnO2� dry cells of “D” size configuration are investigated as an alternative to the Lechlanche dry cell,
where aluminum is replaced for zinc as the anode, MnO2 as the cathode, and a mixture of aluminum chloride/ammonium
chloride/chromium chloride as the electrolyte. Investigations regarding the optimization of conducting material, electrolyte composition,
and electrochemical performance of the cell at different temperature and current drains �100, 200, and 400 mA� are
carried out. Internal resistance and storage life of the fabricated aluminum dry cells are also evaluated. The results suggest that
Al/MnO2 dry cells exhibit a superior performance than their Zn counterpart

Electrochemical Performance of AlÕMnO2 Dry Cells: AnAlternative to Lechlanche Dry Cells

Described herein is an aqueous aluminum ion battery featuring an aluminum or aluminum alloy/composite anode, an aqueous electrolyte, and a manganese oxide, aluminosilicate or polymer-based cathode. The battery operates via an electrochemical reaction that entails an actual transport of aluminum ions between the anode and cathode. The compositions and structures described herein allow the aqueous aluminum ion battery described herein to achieve: (1) improved charge storage capacity; (2) improved gravimetric and/or volumetric energy density; (3) increased rate capability and power density (ability to charge and discharge in shorter times); (4) increased cycle life; (5) increased mechanical strength of the electrode; (6) improved electrochemical stability of the electrodes; (7) increased electrical conductivity of the electrodes, and (8) improved ion diffusion kinetics in the electrodes as well as the electrolyte.

Aqueous aluminum ion batteries, hybrid battery-capacitors, compositions of said batteries and battery-capacitors, and associated methods of manufacture and use

Great abundance, trivalent oxidation state, high volumetric energy density and inherent safety make aluminum a desirable source of power. Attempts to use aluminum as an electrochemical energy source have been made since the 1800s. To date no great success has been achieved due to difficulties with finding a suitable electrolyte and cathode material. This dissertation explains some of the author’s efforts to overcome these difficulties.Chapter two reports the results of an investigation of an aluminum anode cell utilizing an ionic liquid electrolyte. Vanadium pentoxide was selected as the cathode material for this cell. The initial results appeared to show reversible aluminum ion based electrochemistry. Closer investigation showed that side reactions with the stainless steel current collector were responsible for the observed behavior.Chapter three discusses the physicochemical properties of a concentrated aluminum triflate based electrolyte. The FTIR and NMR spectroscopic data show evidence of complex ion pairing taking place in the electrolyte. The electrochemical measurements show this electrolyte to have good ionic conductivity and a wide electrochemical window.Chapter four shows the results of using the new electrolyte with a hexacyanoferrate cathode material. The electrochemical response of the system shows some degree of rechargeable behavior. This presents what may be the first evidence of aluminum ion intercalation / de-intercalation into a host material from an organic electrolyte.

/pdf/aluminum-ion-batteries-electrolytes-and-cathodes-5dtlvh2v1x.pdf

Aluminum ion batteries: electrolytes and cathodes

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Aluminum ion batteries: electrolytes and cathodes