Translanguaging is a new term in bilingual education; it supports a heteroglossic language ideology, which views bilingualism as valuable in its own right. Some translanguaging scholars have questioned the existence of discrete languages, further concluding that multilingualism does not exist. I argue that the political use of language names can and should be distinguished from the social and structural idealizations used to study linguistic diversity, favoring what I call an integrated multilingual model of individual bilingualism, contrasted with the unitary model and dual competence model. I further distinguish grammars from linguistic repertoires, arguing that bilinguals, like monolinguals, have a single linguistic repertoire but a richly diverse mental grammar. I call the viewpoint developed here a multilingual perspective on translanguaging.

A Multilingual Perspective on Translanguaging

This book provides a pioneering introduction to heritage languages and their speakers, written by one of the founders of this new field Using examples from a wide range of languages, it covers all the main components of grammar, including phonetics and phonology, morphology and morphosyntax, semantics and pragmatics, and shows easy familiarity with approaches ranging from formal grammar to typology, from sociolinguistics to child language acquisition and other relevant aspects of psycholinguistics The book offers analysis of resilient and vulnerable domains in heritage languages, with a special emphasis on recurrent structural properties that occur across multiple heritage languages It is explicit about instances where, based on our current knowledge, we are unable to reach a clear decision on a particular claim or analytical point, and therefore provides a much-needed resource for future research

Heritage Languages and their Speakers

On the basis of a number of cases where the status of X with respect to phasehood changes depending on the syntactic context in which X occurs, I argue for a contextual approach to phasehood whereby the highest phrase in the extended projection of all lexical categories—N, P, A, and V (passive and active)—functions as a phase. The relevant arguments concern extraction and ellipsis. I argue that ellipsis is phase-constrained: only phases and complements of phase heads can in principle undergo ellipsis. I show that Ā-extraction out of an ellipsis site is possible only if the ellipsis site corresponds to a phasal complement. I also provide evidence for the existence of several AspectPs, all of which have morphological manifestations, in the VP domain of English and show that they crucially affect the phasehood of this domain. The article provides a uniform account of a number of superficially different constructions involving extraction and ellipsis from Serbo-Croatian, Japanese, Turkish, and English.

Now I'm a Phase, Now I'm Not a Phase: On the Variability of Phases with Extraction and Ellipsis

වර්ණ සන්නිවේදනය හා සංඥාර්ථ : ශ්රී ලාංකේය සංස්කෘතික වර්ණ සන්නිවේදනයේ පරිණාමය පිළිබඳ අධ්යයනයක් (Unpublished doctoral dissertation)

1. Introduction 2. Information Structure 3. The Syntax of Dislocations and Focus Fronting 4. The Derivation of Information Structure 5. Moving Objects 6. Dislocation Debates References

A Derivational Syntax for Information Structure

Ellipsis and discourse-linking

Does a bilingual person have two separate lexicons and two separate grammatical systems? Or should the bilingual linguistic competence be regarded as an integrated system? This book explores this issue, which is central to current debate in the study of bilingualism, and argues for an integrated hypothesis: the linguistic competence of an individual is a single cognitive faculty, and the bilingual mind should not be regarded as fundamentally different from the monolingual one. This conclusion is backed up with a variety of empirical data, in particular code-switching, drawn from a variety of bilingual pairs. The book introduces key notions in minimalism and distributed morphology, making them accessible to readers with different scholarly foci. This book is of interest to those working in linguistics and psycholinguistics, especially bilingualism, code-switching, and the lexicon.

Bilingual Grammar: Toward an Integrated Model

This paper provides novel evidence on pricing effects in housing markets following government shutdown responses to COVID-19 using micro-level data on U.S. residential property transactions. We find that post-shutdown pricing effects not only depend on population density but also the size and structural density of properties. The average price of a three-bedroom property fell by approximately 1.4% in densely populated locations (e.g., downtown) but increased by about 1.5% in low-density locations (e.g., suburbs) where shutdowns were enacted. The effects are more drastic for properties with fewer bedrooms. We also document a significant decrease in sales for markets under a shutdown.

COVID-19 and Housing Market Effects: Evidence from U.S. Shutdown Orders

Introduction Agree, Move, A-Dependencies Complex dependencies: nominative objects. Complex dependencies: the quirkiest subject. References Index

Locality and the Architecture of Syntactic Dependencies

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