/pdf/the-development-of-environmental-human-rights-nlp2yucjhh.pdf

The Development of Environmental Human Rights

Access to information is a critical tool for citizen oversight of environmental issues. This right is enshrined in the Aarhus Convention. Recognizing the importance of sustainability for present and future generations, Turkey has embraced the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and actively pursued related initiatives. This study focuses on the environmental SDGs most relevant to Turkey, examining the role of access to information in achieving them. Fifteen expert interviews in Turkey were conducted and analyzed using MAXQDA 24 software. The findings, primarily contextualized within Turkey, reveal important, albeit incomplete, progress in access to information rights. This right is seen as essential for realizing the SDGs, yet challenges remain. Limited public awareness emerges as the biggest obstacle, as an effective information access system hinges on societal engagement. 

The impact of the right of access to information on sustainable development goals under the Aarhus Convention

Present-day energy systems are shaped by past decisions, which were informed by contemporary considerations about different energy sources and visions of the future. Hence, today, at a time when a new energy transition is on the agenda, it is important to understand those past rationales that account for previous energy transitions, notably the introduction of large-scale nuclear power in the 1970s. This article argues that in the debates in the European Parliament, representatives of West European mainstream parties specialising in energy and environmental policy used arguments that reflect the key components of what we today call sustainability. The analysis of the debate on nuclear energy megaprojects in the European Parliament in the mid-1970s examines the arguments used, reflecting expectations about the future that shaped long-term energy planning. Transnational protests at the building sites of nuclear power plants of the mid-1970s were viewed as a threat to what most European policymakers at the time considered an indispensable energy transition. The debate thus offers unique insights into the arguments that underpinned the planned transition to nuclear energy and nuclear megaprojects and attempts to improve popular acceptability, including via better information and participation. The article highlights that those advocating a transition to nuclear power used arguments surprisingly similar to those mobilised in current debates about energy transitions and megaprojects, including the search for nuclear waste disposal sites.

Indispensable, Safe and Sustainable? How the European Parliament Debated Nuclear Energy Megaprojects in the 1970s Energy Transition

Öz Bu araştırma, Aarhus Sözleşmesi’nin çevresel demokrasi ilkeleri çerçevesinde sunduğu normatif düzenlemeleri incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çevresel bilgilere erişim hakkı, kamusal karar alma süreçlerine katılım ve çevresel konularda yargıya başvuru imkânı, sözleşmenin temel kapsamını oluşturmaktadır. Bu bağlamda araştırma, çevresel yönetişim için Aarhus Sözleşmesi’nin önemini incelemekte; çevre hukukunun hem teknik reformlar ile hem de toplumsal katılım ve hak temelli bir yaklaşım ile uygulanabilir olacağını göstermektedir. Normatif bir perspektifle gerçekleştirilen bu analiz, çevresel karar alma süreçlerinde şeffaflık, hesap verebilirlik ve yurttaş katılımının güçlendirilmesi açısından Aarhus Sözleşmesi’nin önemine dikkat çekmektedir. Sözleşme, bireyleri ve sivil toplum kuruluşlarını çevresel konuların aktif bir parçası haline getirerek, çevresel yönetimin pasif bir denetim mekanizması olmaktan çıkıp, demokratik ve katılımcı bir süreç haline gelmesine olanak tanımaktadır. Bu sözleşmenin uygulanması, çevresel hakların somutlaştırılması açısından Avrupa’da önemli ilerlemelere yol açmış; birçok ülkede çevre davalarının artmasına, bilgi edinme mekanizmalarının kurumsallaşmasına ve çevresel etki değerlendirme süreçlerinde halkın katılımına dayalı yeni standartların oluşmasına katkı sağlamaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Çevre Yönetimi, Katılım, Yönetişim, Bilgi Edinme, Doğal Kaynaklar ve Çevre İktisadı Alan Tanımı: Çevre Ekolojisi 

Aarhus sözleşmesi̇’ni̇n çevresel bi̇lgi̇ edi̇nme, katilimci yöneti̇şi̇m ve hukuki̇ eri̇şi̇m i̇lkeleri̇ bağlaminda değerlendi̇ri̇lmesi̇

The article uses the 20th anniversary of the Aarhus Conventionon25 June 2018 to retrace the development of the Convention during these twenty years. For the three pillars of the Convention - access to information, public participation in decision-making and access to justice in environmental matters-  it describes and assesses the main impacts which the Convention had on the situation of the European Contracting Parties, and points to the weaknesses of its practical application. Overall, it strikes a positive balance of the effects of the Convention, though it clarifies that significant improvements still remain necessary.

/pdf/citizens-rights-and-administrations-duties-in-environmental-50sxj0hwio.pdf

Citizens rights and administrations' duties in environmental matters: 20 years of the Aarhus Convention

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Citizens rights and administrations' duties in environmental matters: 20 years of the Aarhus Convention