Advances and mechanisms in polymer composites toward thermal conduction and electromagnetic wave absorption.

Core–shell nanostructures have received widespread attention because of their potential usage in various technological and scientific fields. However, they still face significant challenges in terms of fabrication of core–shell nanostructure libraries on a controlled, and even programmed scale. This study proposes a general approach to systematically fabricate core–shell nanohybrids using liquid-metal Ga alloys as reconfigurable templates, and the initiation of a local galvanic replacement reaction is demonstrated utilizing an ultrasonic system. Under ultrasonic agitation, the hydrated gallium oxides generated on the liquid metal droplets, simultaneously delaminated themselves from the interfaces. Subsequently, single-metal or bimetallic components are deposited on fresh smooth Ga-based alloys via galvanic reactions to form unique core–shell metal/metal nanohybrids. Controlled and quantitative regulation of the diversity of the non-homogeneous nanoparticle shell layer composition is achieved. The obtained core–shell nanostructures are used as efficient microwave absorbers to dissipate unwanted electromagnetic wave pollution. The effective absorption bands (90% absorption) of core–shell GaNi and GaCoNi nanohybrids are 3.92 and 3.8 GHz at a thickness of 1.4 mm, respectively. This general and advanced strategy enables the growth of other oxides or sulfides by spontaneous interfacial redox reactions for the fabrication of functional materials in the future. 

Liquid‐Metal‐Assisted Programmed Galvanic Engineering of Core–shell Nanohybrids for Microwave Absorption

Exploring electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials with ultra-efficient EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) and an absorption-dominated mechanism is urgently required for fundamentally tackling EMI radiation pollution. Herein, zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (ZIF-67)/MXene/cellulose aerogels were first prepared via a simple solution mixing-regeneration and freeze-drying process. Subsequently, they are converted into electric/magnetic hybrid carbon aerogels (Co/C/MXene/cellulose-derived carbon aerogels) through a facile pyrolysis strategy. ZIF-67-derived porous Co/C could provide the additional magnetic loss capacity. The resultant electric/magnetic hybrid carbon aerogels exhibit a hierarchically porous structure, complementary electromagnetic waves (EMWs) loss mechanisms, and abundant heterointerfaces. The construction of a porous architecture and the synergy of electric/magnetic loss could greatly alleviate the impedance mismatching at the air-specimen interface, which enables more EMWs to enter into the materials for consumption. Moreover, numerous heterointerfaces among Co/C, Ti3C2Tx MXene, and cellulose-derived carbon skeleton induce the generation of multiple polarization losses containing interfacial and dipole polarization, which further dissipate the EMWs. The resultant electric/magnetic hybrid carbon aerogel with a low density (85.6 mg/cm3) achieves an ultrahigh EMI SE of 86.7 dB and a superior absorption coefficient of 0.72 simultaneously. This work not only offers a novel approach to design high-performance EMI shielding materials entailing low reflection characteristic but also broadens the applicability of electric/magnetic hybrid carbon aerogels in aerospace, precision electronic devices, and military stealth instruments.

MOF-Derived Co/C and MXene co-Decorated Cellulose-Derived Hybrid Carbon Aerogel with a Multi-Interface Architecture toward Absorption-Dominated Ultra-Efficient Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.

Hollow ZnO/ZnFe2O4 microspheres anchored graphene aerogels as a high-efficiency microwave absorber with thermal insulation and hydrophobic performances

An ultralight Ni-MOF-rGO aerogel which possess the merits of not only broad bandwidth and strong absorption but also lightweight and thin matching thickness is fabricated through a hydrothermal treatment, freeze-drying, and annealing procedure. The Ni@C microspheres are dispersed randomly and evenly on the graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets, which can be proved through SEM and TEM results. The electromagnetic parameters of the composite can be adjusted by changing the mass ratio of the MOF and GO to endow the material with both good impedance matching and superior electromagnetic wave absorption performances. Consequently, the resulting composite shows outstanding microwave absorption performance, which achieves strong absorption (-51.19 dB) and broad effective absorption bandwidth (6.32 GHz) with a thickness of 1.9 mm while the filling content is only 2 wt %. In addition, the multiple loss mechanisms of the Ni-MOF-rGO aerogel are illustrated, including conduction loss, dipolar polarization, interfacial polarization, magnetic resonance, and eddy current loss. In a word, the extraordinary microwave absorption performance is ascribed to the synergistic effects of the unique multiple layered structure of GO and the hollow core-shell structure of the Ni@C microsphere. This work demonstrates that the ultralight aerogel with excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance is a promising strategy for microwave absorption application.

Fabrication of an Ultralight Ni-MOF-rGO Aerogel with Both Dielectric and Magnetic Performances for Enhanced Microwave Absorption: Microspheres with Hollow Structure Grow onto the GO Nanosheets.

Synergistically enhanced heat conductivity-microwave absorption capabilities of g-C3N4@Fe@C hollow micro-polyhedra via Interface and composition modulation

Salt-templated graphene nanosheet foams filled in silicon rubber toward prominent EMI shielding effectiveness and high thermal conductivity

Incorporation of FexOy nanoparticles into 3D interlinked porous carbon nanofiber networks to synergistically enhance the electrical insulation, electromagnetic wave absorbing/shielding performance and thermal conductivity

Reasonable design of protective multifunctional materials is highly required for the safety protection of devices/personnel from electromagnetic radiation and heat damage in the 5G/6G era. Herein, a simple soaking-annealing route was adopted to carbonize filter paper into 2D interlinked carbon fiber frameworks inlaid with magnetic nanoparticles, and the products were referred to as CF/M/C 2DIFs (M = Co, Ni, or Fe/Fe3O4). The concentration and type of metal ions as well as the annealing temperature of the CF/M/C 2DIFs were controlled to precisely modulate their composition, porosity, and defects. Results show that the CF/Co/C 2DIFs produced under Ta = 600 °C and [Co2+] = 0.45 mol/L exhibit high thermal conductivity (2.931 ∼ 3.167 W/m·K) at small loads (10 ∼ 30 wt%) owing to not merely the presence of 2D interlinked path for electron/phonon heat co-transfer but the reasonable control of interface/defects for weakening phonon/electron defect/interface scattering. Also, the CF/Co/C 2DIFs can attenuate microwaves over a broad frequency range via dielectric/magnetic dual loss and 2DIFs, which boosts their loss ability and matching performance. The excellent performance in both heat dissipation and EM wave absorption proves that the CF/M/C 2DIFs can be a promising candidate for next-generation electronic packaging materials in heat management, military, and aerospace fields. 

Filter-paper-derived CF/M/C (M = Co, Ni, or Fe/Fe3O4) 2D interlinked frameworks toward ultrawide absorption bands, high thermal conductivity, and excellent electrical insulation

The SrAl2O4∶Eu2+,Dy3+ phosphors containing different point defects were synthesized by solid-state reaction method. The roles of crystal point defects in SrAl2O4∶Eu2+,Dy3+ phosphors were studied by comparing afterglow decay properties, excitation spectra and thermoluminescence of different samples. The results show that DySr· plays an important role in persistent luminescence of SrAl2O4∶Eu2+,Dy3+ phosphors. It can serve as an effective electron trap having apprepriate depth for persistent luminescence. VO·· can not serve as the electron trap with an appropriate depth, but can increase the trap depth of the DySr·. There is interaction between the Dy3+(DySr·) and the Eu2+(EuSr×), and only if the distance between them is close enough, can DySr· become effective electron trap. The VSr″ can become hole trap, but the change of its concentration in phosphors does not arouse the obvious change of persistent luminescence.

Formation and Roles of Point Defects in SrAl_2O_4∶Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+) Phosphors

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Synergistically enhanced heat conductivity-microwave absorption capabilities of g-C3N4@Fe@C hollow micro-polyhedra via Interface and composition modulation

Salt-templated graphene nanosheet foams filled in silicon rubber toward prominent EMI shielding effectiveness and high thermal conductivity

Incorporation of FexOy nanoparticles into 3D interlinked porous carbon nanofiber networks to synergistically enhance the electrical insulation, electromagnetic wave absorbing/shielding performance and thermal conductivity

Filter-paper-derived CF/M/C (M = Co, Ni, or Fe/Fe3O4) 2D interlinked frameworks toward ultrawide absorption bands, high thermal conductivity, and excellent electrical insulation

Formation and Roles of Point Defects in SrAl_2O_4∶Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+) Phosphors

Lu Xing

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Synergistically enhanced heat conductivity-microwave absorption capabilities of g-C3N4@Fe@C hollow micro-polyhedra via Interface and composition modulation

Salt-templated graphene nanosheet foams filled in silicon rubber toward prominent EMI shielding effectiveness and high thermal conductivity

Incorporation of FexOy nanoparticles into 3D interlinked porous carbon nanofiber networks to synergistically enhance the electrical insulation, electromagnetic wave absorbing/shielding performance and thermal conductivity

Filter-paper-derived CF/M/C (M = Co, Ni, or Fe/Fe3O4) 2D interlinked frameworks toward ultrawide absorption bands, high thermal conductivity, and excellent electrical insulation

Formation and Roles of Point Defects in SrAl_2O_4∶Eu~(2+),Dy~(3+) Phosphors

Filter-paper-derived CF/M/C (M = Co, Ni, or Fe/Fe3O4) 2D interlinked frameworks toward ultrawide absorption bands, high thermal conductivity, and excellent electrical insulation