Overview of nanostructured metal oxides and pure nickel oxide (NiO) electrodes for supercapacitors: A review

A new and generic strategy to construct interwoven carbon nanotube (CNT) branches on various metal oxide nanostructure arrays (exemplified by V2 O3 nanoflakes, Co3 O4 nanowires, Co3 O4 -CoTiO3 composite nanotubes, and ZnO microrods), in order to enhance their electrochemical performance, is demonstrated for the first time. In the second part, the V2 O3 /CNTs core/branch composite arrays as the host for Na(+) storage are investigated in detail. This V2 O3 /CNTs hybrid electrode achieves a reversible charge storage capacity of 612 mAh g(-1) at 0.1 A g(-1) and outstanding high-rate cycling stability (a capacity retention of 100% after 6000 cycles at 2 A g(-1) , and 70% after 10 000 cycles at 10 A g(-1) ). Kinetics analysis reveals that the Na(+) storage is a pseudocapacitive dominating process and the CNTs improve the levels of pseudocapacitive energy by providing a conductive network.

Generic Synthesis of Carbon Nanotube Branches on Metal Oxide Arrays Exhibiting Stable High-Rate and Long-Cycle Sodium-Ion Storage

Supercapacitor with ultrahigh energy density (e.g., comparable with those of rechargeable batteries) and long cycling ability (>50000 cycles) is attractive for the next-generation energy storage devices. The energy density of carbonaceous material electrodes can be effectively improved by combining with certain metal oxides/hydroxides, but many at the expenses of power density and long-time cycling stability. To achieve an optimized overall electrochemical performance, rationally designed electrode structures with proper control in metal oxide/carbon are highly desirable. Here we have successfully realized an ultrahigh-energy and long-life supercapacitor anode by developing a hierarchical graphite foam–carbon nanotube framework and coating the surface with a thin layer of iron oxide (GF–CNT@Fe2O3). The full cell of anode based on this structure gives rise to a high energy of ∼74.7 Wh/kg at a power of ∼1400 W/kg, and ∼95.4% of the capacitance can be retained after 50000 cycles of charge–discharge. These pe...

Iron Oxide-Decorated Carbon for Supercapacitor Anodes with Ultrahigh Energy Density and Outstanding Cycling Stability

With the development of renewable energy and electrified transportation, electrochemical energy storage will be more urgent in the future. Supercapacitors have received extensive attention due to their high power density, fast charge and discharge rates, and long-term cycling stability. During past five years, supercapacitors have been boomed benefited from the development of nanostructured materials synthesis and the promoted innovation of devices construction. In this review, we have summarized the current state-of-the-art development on the fabrication of high-performance supercapacitors. From the electrode material perspective, a variety of materials have been explored for advanced electrode materials with smart material-design strategies such as carbonaceous materials, metal compounds and conducting polymers. Proper nanostructures are engineered to provide sufficient electroactive sites and enhance the kinetics of ion and electron transport. Besides, new-concept supercapacitors have been developed for practical application. Microsupercapacitors and fiber supercapacitors have been explored for portable and compact electronic devices. Subsequently, we have introduced Li-/Na-ion supercapacitors composed of battery-type electrodes and capacitor-type electrode. Integrated energy devices are also explored by incorporating supercapacitors with energy conversion systems for sustainable energy storage. In brief, this review provides a comprehensive summary of recent progress on electrode materials design and burgeoning devices constructions for high-performance supercapacitors.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/advs.201600382

Materials Design and System Construction for Conventional and New-Concept Supercapacitors

Supercapacitors are promising energy storage and conversion devices with high power densities However, their low energy densities limit their practical application The electrode is a key component that determines the performance of supercapacitors As electrode materials, transition metal oxides/hydroxides usually exhibit high capacitance, leading to high energy densities This review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of different metal oxides/hydroxides, in order to synthesize high-performance electrode materials Two main strategies to enhance the supercapacitive performance are proposed: developing composites and nanostructured materials

Metal oxide/hydroxide-based materials for supercapacitors

This article provides an overview of solution-based methods for the controllable synthesis of metal oxides and their applications for electrochemical energy storage. Typical solution synthesis strategies are summarized and the detailed chemical reactions are elaborated for several common nanostructured transition metal oxides and their composites. The merits and demerits of these synthesis methods and some important considerations are discussed in association with their electrochemical performance. We also propose the basic guideline for designing advanced nanostructure electrode materials, and the future research trend in the development of high power and energy density electrochemical energy storage devices.

/pdf/solution-synthesis-of-metal-oxides-for-electrochemical-2j8il8x07o.pdf

Solution synthesis of metal oxides for electrochemical energy storage applications

High cost, low capacitance, and complicated synthesis process are still the key limitations for carbon-negative materials to meet their industrial production and application in high-energy-density asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs). In this work, we demonstrate the facile preparation of ultrahigh-surface-area free-standing carbon material from low-cost industrial carbon felt (CF) and its application for flexible supercapacitor electrode with outstanding performance. Through a simple freeze-drying-assisted activation method, the as-prepared activated CF (ACF) was endowed with satisfactory flexibility, ultrahigh specific surface area of 2109 m2 g–1, good electric conductivity (311 S m–1), and excellent wettability to aqueous electrolyte. Owing to these merits, the ACF expressed an ultrahigh areal capacitance of 1441 mF cm–2, a high specific capacitance (Cs) of 280 F g–1 based on the mass of the whole electrode, and an impressive cycling stability (87% retention after 5000 cycles). When applied as a flexible ...

Facile Activation of Commercial Carbon Felt as a Low-Cost Free-Standing Electrode for Flexible Supercapacitors.

Gentle fabrication of colorful superhydrophobic bamboo based on metal-organic framework.

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Solution synthesis of metal oxides for electrochemical energy storage applications

Facile Activation of Commercial Carbon Felt as a Low-Cost Free-Standing Electrode for Flexible Supercapacitors.

Gentle fabrication of colorful superhydrophobic bamboo based on metal-organic framework.