Gelatin/Carrageenan-Based Functional Films with Carbon Dots from Enoki Mushroom for Active Food Packaging Applications

Elastomers play an irreplaceable role in our society due to their unique properties. Natural rubber is directly obtained from plants and is widely used in tires, shoes, etc. Recently, modified natural rubbers are proposed to expand the application of natural rubber. However, these natural rubbers have a limited variety of molecular structures and may not be able to meet ever‐demanding applications. Traditional synthetic elastomers have a variety of molecular structures and their properties are used in various fields, but mainly originate from fossil resources. This review deals with bio‐based elastomers, and more specifically natural rubber and bio‐based synthetic elastomers. Based on reprocessability, bio‐based elastomers can also be divided into bio‐based chemically cross‐linked ones and thermoplastic ones. Compared to traditional fossil‐based elastomers, bio‐based ones may alleviate environmental pollution and promote the sustainable development of the elastomer industry.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/sus2.45

Current trends in bio‐based elastomer materials

Designing cost-effective and sustainable edible packaging films featuring multifunctional activities (antimicrobial, antioxidant, UV shielding) is of great interest in the field of food science and engineering. Herein, the films containing various components of silk sericin (SS), chitosan (CS) as well as carbon dots (CDs) were developed and their physicochemical, structural and bioactive properties were also investigated. Compared with the SS-made film alone, the bio-nanocomposite films (made up of SS, CS, as well as CDs) showed the enhanced flexibility, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Moreover, a good compatibility was present among these components, which were well dispersed in the film matrix network. Importantly, due to the existence of CDs, the bio-nanocomposite films indicated a blue fluorescent emission property, which could be used as an anti-counterfeit label. Lastly, the fruit-litchi was selected to verify the fresh-keeping effect of the bio-nanocomposite film, which is effective to reduce the loss of nutritional components, such as water, soluble solids, ascorbic acid, etc. The study can shed light on the use of SS as matrix and CDs as functional ingredient for facile and environmentally friendly preparation of the edible food packaging film as well as for its utilization in food preservation to treat fruits effectively. • The CDs was prepared by a one-step synthesis method, which has many function. • The film has good antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, UV shielding, etc. • Coating treatment can effectively extend the fresh-keeping period of litchi. 

Developing silk sericin-based and carbon dots reinforced bio-nanocomposite films and potential application to litchi fruit

Recent Progress in the Accelerated Aging and lifetime Prediction of Elastomers : A review

Fluorescent N-doped carbon nanodots (CNDs) are a type of environmentally friendly nanomaterial that is promising for application in cell imaging and optoelectronics. In this paper, a natural amino ...

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsomega.1c04903

Facile Fabrication of Highly Fluorescent N-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots Using an Ultrasonic-Assisted Hydrothermal Method: Optical Properties and Cell Imaging

The use of crude carbon dots as novel antioxidants for natural rubber

In response to increasingly stringent requirements for the sustainability and environmental friendliness of the rubber industry, the application and development of bio-based elastomers have received extensive attention. In this work, we prepared a new type of bio-based elastomer poly(dibutyl itaconate-butadiene) copolymer (PDBIB) nanocomposite using carbon black and non-petroleum-based silica with a coupling agent. Using dynamic thermodynamic analysis (DMTA) and scanning electron microscope (SEM), we studied the effects of feed ratio on dynamic mechanical properties, micro morphology, and filler dispersion of PDBIB composites. Among them, silica-reinforced PDBIB60 (weight ratio of dibutyl itaconate to butadiene 40/60) and carbon black-reinforced PDBIB70 (weight ratio of dibutyl itaconate to butadiene 30/70) both showed excellent performance, such as tensile strength higher than 18 MPa and an elongation break higher than 400%. Compared with the widely used ESBR, the results showed that PDBIB had better rolling resistance and heat generation than ESBR. In addition, considering the development of green tires, we compared it with the solution polymerized styrene–butadiene rubber with better comprehensive performance, and analyzed the advantages of PDBIB and the areas to be improved. In summary, PDBIB prepared from bio-based monomers had superior performance and is of great significance for achieving sustainable development, providing a direction for the development of high-performance green tire and holding great potential to replace petroleum-derived elastomers.

https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/8/12/1527/pdf

Itaconate Based Elastomer as a Green Alternative to Styrene–Butadiene Rubber for Engineering Applications: Performance Comparison

Ester-functionalized styrene-butadiene rubber (dibutyl itaconate-styrene-butadiene rubber) (D-ESBR) was synthesized by low-temperature emulsion polymerization using dibutyl itaconate (DBI) as a modified monomer containing ester groups. Nonpetroleum-based silica with hydroxy groups was used as a filler to enhance the D-ESBR, which can provide excellent mechanical properties, low rolling resistance, and high wet skid resistance. During the preparation of the silica/D-ESBR nanocomposites, a hydrogen-bonding interface was formed between the hydroxy groups on the surface of silica and the ester groups in the D-ESBR macromolecules. As the content of ester groups in the D-ESBR increases, the dispersion of silica in the nanocomposites is gradually improved, which was verified by rubber process analyzer (RPA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Overall mechanical properties of the silica/D-ESBR modified with 5 wt % DBI were improved and became superior to that of the non-modified nanocomposite. Compared with the non-modified silica/D-ESBR, the DBI modified silica/D-ESBR exhibited a lower tan δ value at 60 °C and comparable tan δ value at 0 °C, indicating that the DBI modified silica/D-ESBR had lower rolling resistance without sacrificing wet skid resistance.

https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/11/11/1820/pdf

Preparation and Performance of Silica/ESBR Nanocomposites Modified by Bio-Based Dibutyl Itaconate.

Rubbers are acknowledged as strategically important and irreplaceable materials in daily life, and rubber additives are indispensable components for the practical application of the rubber vulcanizate. Developing novel rubber additives is highly desirable, and pursuing multifunctional rubber additives has been one of the major tasks in the field of rubber. Herein, the crude carbon dots (CCDs) without any purification were used as rubber additives for epoxy natural rubber/silica system by conventional milling process. Our results revealed that the CCDs have outstanding advantages, they could not only endow the rubber with charming fluorescence and excellent anti-aging capability, but also improve the curing rate and mechanical performance of rubber composite. Moreover, with the incorporation of CCDs, the rolling resistance of the rubber composite could be remarkably reduced, which is promising for the application of green tyres. Overall, this work convincingly provides novel inspiration to develop novel low-cost yet multifunctional additives for rubber. 

The use of crude carbon dots as green, low-cost and multifunctional additives to improve the curing, mechanical, antioxidative and fluorescence properties of epoxy natural rubber/silica composites

Acrylic Nanocomposites Modified by Biobased Itaconates: Mechanical Properties, Oil Resistance, and Heat Resistance

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