Plasma electrolytic oxidation of magnesium and its alloys: Mechanism, properties and applications

Effect of electrolyte additives on performance of plasma electrolytic oxidation films formed on magnesium alloy AZ91D

Electrochemical corrosion behaviour of plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings on AM50 magnesium alloy formed in silicate and phosphate based electrolytes

Corrosion resistance of WE43 and AZ91D magnesium alloys with phosphate PEO coatings

Magnesium–lithium base alloy is one of the lightest metallic engineering materials with a density of 1·35–1·65 g cm−3, which is referred to as superlight materials. It has become an attractive material in the fields of aerospace, automobiles, portable electronics, etc. In this paper, the developing history and recent progress of superlight magnesium–lithium base alloys are reviewed. The progress on molten electrolysis preparation, processing technologies and surface processing technologies are introduced, and future research directions are suggested based on the current research progress.

Recent progress in magnesium–lithium alloys

This paper reports on studies of the phase composition and electrochemical performances of microarc oxidation (MAO) films formed on AZ91D alloy using step-down current method in phosphate electrolytes (P-film) and silicate electrolytes (Si-film). The results showed that the P-film was mainly composed of Mg, MgAl 2 O 4 , MgO and the Si-film was composed of Mg 2 SiO 4 , MgO. There clearly existed a fluoride-enriched zone of about 1∼2 μm for P-film and 0.7∼1 μm for Si-film at the MAO coating/substrate interface. The electrochemical tests showed that both P-film and Si-film could enhance the corrosion resistance of AZ91D magnesium alloy significantly; the corrosion failure processes of the two films in 5 wt.% NaCl solution were quite different.

Electrochemical performance of microarc oxidation films formed on AZ91D magnesium alloy in silicate and phosphate electrolytes

This paper studied the appearance transition of microdischarges, the phase composition and the morphology evolution of the oxide film formed by microarc oxidation on AZ91D magnesium alloy. The appearance of microdischarges population experienced apparent changes in size, spatial density and color, which was related with the changes of the type and quantity of the disintegrated gas bubbles generated at the interface between the electrolyte and substrate. Correspondingly, the diameter of micropores together with net-like fine microcracks increased when a higher voltage was employed. The coating was composed of MgO, MgAl2O4 and there existed a fluoride-enriched zone of about 3–5 μm at the film/substrate interface.

Analyses of microarc oxidation coating formed on AZ91D alloy in phosphate electrolytes

Spark anodizing (SA) used on magnesium and its alloys can be backtracking to W.F. Higgins’s fluoride anodizing treatment [1]. In the subsequent applications about sparking anodizing on magnesium, the electrolyte recipes which contained fluoride became more and more popular. Later SA process began to exhibit some new characters, such as more diluted and environmental friendly electrolyte solution, higher application voltage and modified waveform, changeable electric polarity and pulse frequency, which significantly decreased the defects (pore, sealed cavity, micro-crack etc.) in the anodized film and greatly increased the process efficiency. Recently a lot of patented commercial spark processes for Mg and its alloys are emerging, such as Tagnite, Magoxid, Keronite etc.

Microstructural Evaluations of Oxide Films During Spark Anodizing of Mg-Al Alloy in Alkaline Fluoride Electrolytes

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Papers

Electrochemical performance of microarc oxidation films formed on AZ91D magnesium alloy in silicate and phosphate electrolytes

Analyses of microarc oxidation coating formed on AZ91D alloy in phosphate electrolytes

Microstructural Evaluations of Oxide Films During Spark Anodizing of Mg-Al Alloy in Alkaline Fluoride Electrolytes