While online communities may enhance firm performance, they commonly fail to retain members. To address this challenge, scholars and managers call for the use of gamification. However, despite gami...

When gamification backfires: the impact of perceived justice on online community contributions

Wikipedia is a reliable encyclopedia with over seven million articles in several languages all contributed and maintained by volunteers. To learn more about what drives people to devote their time and expertise to building and maintaining this remarkable resource, surveys with Likert-scaled items measuring different types of motivations were completed by 115 Wikipedia administrators. The survey also included comments and openended questions that were used to check the validity of the Likert-scaled items and allow participants to express their reasons for being a Wikipedian. The Likert-scaled items showed that Wikipedia administrators are largely driven by motivations to learn and create. The comments and open-ended questions indicated that altruism — the desire to create a public repository for all knowledge — is one of the most important factors.

Volunteers in Wikipedia: Why the community matters

With the popularization of the Internet, virtual communities offer a new way for knowledge exchange. Previous research focused on the individuals' motivation to knowledge contribution. However, the exchange of knowledge is facilitated not only when individuals are motivated but also when individuals have the ability to engage in it. This study examines the influence of capability to the knowledge contribution in the virtual community as compared to individual motivation. An online questionnaire survey and partial least squares (PLS) were used to analyze and verify the proposed hypotheses. The results indicated that perceived self-efficacy and professional experience positively influence knowledge contribution in the online virtual community. However, individual motivations, which often are regarded as important influential factors in the real world, did not significantly influence knowledge contribution in the online virtual community.

Knowledge contribution in the online virtual community : Capability and motivation

The utilization of linguistic style in crowdfunding appeals is crucial for the success of crowdfunding activities. While existing research predominantly focuses on linguistic styles in reward-based crowdfunding, this study addresses a notable gap by examining the impact of message concreteness on donation intentions within the context of medical crowdfunding. Through a between-group experiment, the study reveals that the level of message concreteness in charitable appeals of medical crowdfunding projects (abstract or concrete) elicits distinct moral emotions (pride and guilt), subsequently influencing donation intentions. Moreover, the study identifies interactions between social distance, disease acuteness, and message concreteness in relation to donation intentions. By elucidating the underlying mechanisms and boundary conditions of how message concreteness affects donation intentions, the study not only contributes to the evolving literature on medical crowdfunding but also responds to scholars' calls for investigating the effects of linguistic styles in diverse contexts. Additionally, it extends the application of construal level theory. The conclusions drawn provide valuable insights for crowdfunding platform managers and project initiators, aiding them in optimizing language expressions to more effectively achieve donation goals. 

How the linguistic style of medical crowdfunding charitable appeal influences individuals' donations

This chapter indicates the relationship between organizational justice and organizational variables; organizational justice and trust; organizational justice and psychological ownership; organizational justice, ethical behavior, and ethical climate; organizational justice and emotion; organizational justice and negative organizational issues; organizational justice and employee turnover intention; organizational justice and burnout; and the importance of organizational justice in the modern workplace. Employees want to work for the fair and ethical organizations and be treated with respect. Organizational justice is an important asset that sustains productivity, profits, and employee morale in the modern workplace and refers to the extent to which employees perceive workplace procedure, interactions, and outcomes to be fair in nature. Enhancing organizational justice should be a priority for organization because it can reduce the incidence of workplace deviance, absence, and disengagement in the modern workplace.

Exploring the Role of Organizational Justice in the Modern Workplace

Much of the recent research on user contributions to electronic networks has focused on attracting and motivating participations. We, instead, investigate online community defections,1 their cause, and their impact through an empirical investigation of defections from Wikipedia. Our research uses justice theory to determine the effects of injustice perceptions on contributor defections and draws on fairness heuristic theory to distinguish the relative effects of distributive injustice and procedural injustice. The results show that perceptions of injustice concerning collaboration outcomes (“distributive injustice”) raise contributor dissatisfaction, which in turn leads to defection. Perceptions of injustice concerning the process (“procedural injustice”), by comparison, have a direct impact on defections and exert a stronger influence on dissatisfaction than distributive injustice. Justice emerges as a hygiene factor adding to the level of dissatisfaction among dissatisfied contributors but not among satisfied contributors. The findings contribute to our understanding of collaborative knowledge creation by drawing attention to contributors' post hoc passive emotions and behaviors instead of predominantly investigating their initial prosharing behaviors. The work also has practical implications for community governance because it suggests how to sustain communities in the long term.

Perceptions of justice or injustice as determinants of contributor defections from online communities

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Perceptions of justice or injustice as determinants of contributor defections from online communities