The article reviews the book "Alone Together: Why We Expect More From Technology and Less From Each Other," by Sherry Turkle.

Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other.

What does reliability mean for building a grounded theory? What about when writing an auto-ethnography? When is it appropriate to use measures like inter-rater reliability (IRR)? Reliability is a familiar concept in traditional scientific practice, but how, and even whether to establish reliability in qualitative research is an oft-debated question. For researchers in highly interdisciplinary fields like computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) and human-computer interaction (HCI), the question is particularly complex as collaborators bring diverse epistemologies and training to their research. In this article, we use two approaches to understand reliability in qualitative research. We first investigate and describe local norms in the CSCW and HCI literature, then we combine examples from these findings with guidelines from methods literature to help researchers answer questions like: "should I calculate IRR?" Drawing on a meta-analysis of a representative sample of CSCW and HCI papers from 2016-2018, we find that authors use a variety of approaches to communicate reliability; notably, IRR is rare, occurring in around 1/9 of qualitative papers. We reflect on current practices and propose guidelines for reporting on reliability in qualitative research using IRR as a central example of a form of agreement. The guidelines are designed to generate discussion and orient new CSCW and HCI scholars and reviewers to reliability in qualitative research.

/pdf/reliability-and-inter-rater-reliability-in-qualitative-2aubgdtns7.pdf

Reliability and Inter-rater Reliability in Qualitative Research: Norms and Guidelines for CSCW and HCI Practice

Nationality: American Education: Ph.D. in Sociology and Personality... Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology â€¦ https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/8694125-alone-together Start by marking â€œAlone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Otherâ€ as Want to Read: ... Unfortunately I am no closer to telling you why we expect more from technology & less from each other than I was before I read this book. One of the main things that bothered me about this book was that, even though I was really interested in these â€¦

Alone Together: Why We Expect More from Technology and Less from Each Other

This book concerns the process of designing IT systems for large, complex purposes. It is structured as a textbook-style introduction to the processes required for use in university teaching and for self-study purposes by people working in the field of IT system development. The content of the book is the fruit of a decade of research by the authors in their pursuit of a method to plan and design IT projects that will provide sustainable, useful solutions to the needs of the companies for which they are commissioned.

Participatory IT Design: Designing for Business and Workplace Realities

In families composed of parents and children, the health of parents and children is often interrelated: the health of children can have an impact on the health of parents, and vice versa. However, the design of health tracking technologies typically focuses on individual self-tracking and self-management, not yet addressing family health in a unified way. To examine opportunities for family-centered health informatics, we interviewed 14 typically healthy families, interviewed 10 families with a child with a chronic condition, and conducted three participatory design sessions with children aged 7 to 11. Although we identified similarities between family-centered tracking and personal self-tracking, we also found families want to: (1) identify ripple effects between family members; (2) consider both caregivers and children as trackers to support distributing the burdens of tracking across family members; and (3) identify and pursue health guidelines that consider the state of their family (e.g., specific health guidelines for families that include a child with a chronic condition). We contribute to expanding the design lens from self-tracking to family-centered health tracking.

https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2998181.2998362

From Personal Informatics to Family Informatics: Understanding Family Practices around Health Monitoring

This paper focuses on the complex and intimate setting of domestic home care. The majority of care for chronically ill people is realized by non-professionals, the relatives, who are often overlooked. Many of these informal caregivers are also elderly and face multiple, seriously demanding challenges in the context of informal care 24/7. In order to support this increasing user group, their cooperative work and coordination adequately, it is essential to gain a better understanding of their care practices and needs. This paper is based on ethnography in ten households in Germany. It combines data from the analysis of participant observations over eight months, interviews and cultural probes. Besides detailed descriptions of two cases, the central features of informal care experience and implications for design are discussed: the self-concept of the caregivers as being care experts, the need for social support, timing issues and coordination with other actors in this field.

Designing for Those who are Overlooked: Insider Perspectives on Care Practices and Cooperative Work of Elderly Informal Caregivers

In this work we present a user-centered development process for a GPS-based monitoring system to be used in dementia care. Our research covers a full design process including a qualitative-empirical pre-study, the prototyping process and the investigation of long-term appropriation processes of the stable prototypes in three different practice environments. Specifically, we deal with the problem of 'wandering' by persons suffering from late-phase dementia. Although GPS tracking is not a novel technological objective, the usage of those systems in dementia care remains very low. The paper therefore takes a socio-technical stance on development and appropriation of GPS technology in dementia care and assesses the practical and ideological issues surrounding care to understand why. We additionally provide design research in two different settings, familial and institutional care, and report on the design of a GPS-based tracking system reflecting these considerations. What comes to the fore is the need for ICT to reflect complex organizational, ideological and practical issues that form part of a moral universe where sensitivity is crucial.

Addressing the subtleties in dementia care: pre-study & evaluation of a GPS monitoring system

We present a user-centered development process for a GPS monitoring system to be used in dementia care to support care for persons with wandering behavior. The usage of GPS systems in dementia care is still very low. The article takes a socio-technical stance on development and appropriation of GPS technology in dementia care and assesses the practical and ideological issues surrounding care to understand why. The results include (1) results from qualitative user studies from which design ideas, implications, and requirements for design and redesign were developed. (2) Description of the politics, negotiations, and challenges encountered in the project at hand. These processual matters had a powerful impact on the product that was finally envisaged. The design process was taken as a whole to illuminate the way in which design outcomes are arrived at and to foster discussion about how “best practice” might possibly be achieved.

Design of A GPS Monitoring System for Dementia Care and its Challenges in Academia-Industry Project

Television and video belong to the most important media in domestic environments. Nowadays, television means more than the classic reception at the TV set, it also provides new manifold opportunities for on-demand media consumption. The technical infrastructure grows extremely fast whereby an increasing number of options of how to use rich media are being offered. Functionalities from the Internet, such as e.g. communication, sharing and other information services enrich the TV experience. The convergence of media is not only visible in broader functional sets at one device, e.g. broadcast and online access at Media Center systems, but is also reflected in the interconnectedness of the device itself. In order to understand the design dimensions for further SocialTV applications, we conducted different kinds of empirical work including a diary study, interviews and creative workshops. Results indicate that several forms of parallel and convergent media usage have already been established. We identified flexible changes between devices and services related to TV and video content (cross-media jumps). We also discussed several mockups for integrated, cross-platform Social TV applications. It turned out that the identified needs relate to both a better interconnection between devices and services.

/pdf/jumping-between-devices-and-services-towards-an-integrated-1cwu9qlpna.pdf

Jumping between devices and services: towards an integrated concept for social tv

We present an empirical study that is being conducted in the context of developing a GPS locating system for individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Germany. A disposition of wandering is one of the most problematic symptoms as it fosters anxiety, disorientation and can even lead to life-threatening situations. Our qualitative empirical study contributes to the research on social phenomena which reveals some technical implications for the development of location-based services (LBS) in dementia care. We demonstrate that common concepts such as the dilemmas "awareness vs. privacy" in general and "safety vs. autonomy" in the context of monitoring systems for wandering patients need to be tackled from practice-based views. Our study attempts to understand caregivers' practices and attitudes towards these concepts.

Dealing with wandering: a case study on caregivers' attitudes towards privacy and autonomy when reflecting the use of LBS

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