Modern electronic devices are moving toward miniaturization and integration with an emerging focus on wearable electronics. Due to their close contact with the human body, wearable electronics have new requirements including low weight, small size, and flexibility. Conventional 3D and 2D electronic devices fail to efficiently meet these requirements due to their rigidity and bulkiness. Hence, a new family of 1D fiber-shaped electronic devices including energy-harvesting devices, energy-storage devices, light-emitting devices, and sensing devices has risen to the challenge due to their small diameter, lightweight, flexibility, and weavability into soft textile electronics. The application challenges faced by fiber and textile electronics from single fiber-shaped devices to continuously scalable fabrication, to encapsulation and testing, and to application mode exploration, are discussed. The evolutionary trends of fiber and textile electronics are then summarized. Finally, future directions required to boost their commercialization are highlighted.

Application Challenges in Fiber and Textile Electronics.

Recent advances and challenges of electrode materials for flexible supercapacitors

Graphene-based fibers (GBFs) are macroscopic 1D assemblies formed by using microscopic 2D graphene sheets as building blocks. Their unique structure exhibits the same merits as graphene such as low weight, high specific surface area, excellent mechanical/electrical properties, and ease of functionalization. Furthermore, the fibrous nature of GBFs is intrinsically compatible with existing textile technologies, making them suitable for applications in flexible and wearable electronics. Recently, novel synthetic methods have endowed GBFs with new structures and functions, further improving their mechanical and electrical properties. These improvements have rapidly bridged the gaps between laboratory demonstrations and real-life applications in fiber-shaped batteries, supercapacitors, and electrochemical sensors. Recent advances in the fabrication, optimization, and application of GBFs are systematically reviewed and a perspective on their future development is given.

Graphene-Based Fibers: Recent Advances in Preparation and Application

Polypyrrole@TEMPO-oxidized bacterial cellulose/reduced graphene oxide macrofibers for flexible all-solid-state supercapacitors

Natural nacre exhibits extraordinary functional and structural diversity, combining high strength and toughness The mechanical properties of nacre are attributed to (i) a highly arranged hierarchical layered structure of inorganic minerals (95 vol %) containing a small amount only of organic materials (5 vol %), (ii) abundant synergistic interfacial interactions, and (iii) formation under ambient temperature Herein, inspired by these three design principles originating from natural nacre, the supertough bioinspired graphene-based nanocomposite fibers (BGNFs) are prepared under room temperature via sequential interfacial interactions of ionic bonding and π–π interactions The resultant synergistic effect leads to a super toughness of 187 MJ m–3 as well as a high tensile strength of 7401 MPa In addition, the electrical conductivity of these supertough BGNFs is as high as 3843 S cm–1 They can retain almost 80% of this conductivity even after 1000 cycles of loading–unloading testing, which makes these 

/pdf/bioinspired-supertough-graphene-fiber-through-sequential-1r444jruvh.pdf

Bioinspired Supertough Graphene Fiber through Sequential Interfacial Interactions.

Direct spinning of high-performance graphene fiber supercapacitor with a three-ply core-sheath structure

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Direct spinning of high-performance graphene fiber supercapacitor with a three-ply core-sheath structure