Dissolved oxygen is an important index to evaluate water quality, and its concentration is of great significance in industrial production, environmental monitoring, aquaculture, food production, and other fields. As its change is a continuous dynamic process, the dissolved oxygen concentration needs to be accurately measured in real time. In this paper, the principles, main applications, advantages, and disadvantages of iodometric titration, electrochemical detection, and optical detection, which are commonly used dissolved oxygen detection methods, are systematically analyzed and summarized. The detection mechanisms and materials of electrochemical and optical detection methods are examined and reviewed. Because external environmental factors readily cause interferences in dissolved oxygen detection, the traditional detection methods cannot adequately meet the accuracy, real-time, stability, and other measurement requirements; thus, it is urgent to use intelligent methods to make up for these deficiencies. This paper studies the application of intelligent technology in intelligent signal transfer processing, digital signal processing, and the real-time dynamic adaptive compensation and correction of dissolved oxygen sensors. The combined application of optical detection technology, new fluorescence-sensitive materials, and intelligent technology is the focus of future research on dissolved oxygen sensors.

Review of Dissolved Oxygen Detection Technology: From Laboratory Analysis to Online Intelligent Detection.

Optimal control of Chinese solar greenhouse cultivation

An important aspect of below-ground crop physiology is its root foraging performance, which is inherently related to root system architecture (RSA). A 2-yr field experiment was conducted and the field-state wheat RSA was phenotyped for root foraging trait (RFT). Four RSA-derived traits, i.e. Root horizontal angle (RHA), axial root expansion volume (AREV), RSA convex hull volume (CHV) and effective volume per unit root length (EVURL), were analyzed for RFTs in response to environment × management interactions. Results showed a dynamical RHA process but without statistical difference both within crop seasons and tillage treatments. AREV increased with root developmental stages, revealing an overall better root performance in the first year. However, tillage treatments did not induce observed difference within both crop seasons. CHV varied drastically from year to year and between tillage treatments, correlating well to the root length, but not with RHA. EVURL was both sensitive to tillage treatments and crop seasons, being a potential indicator for RFT. Above all, tillage effect on RFT was statistically far less than that induced by crop seasons. Pro/E assisted modeling can be used as an effective means for phenotyping integrated, RSA-derived, RFTs for root foraging response to induced environment × management interactions.

Phenotyping field-state wheat root system architecture for root foraging traits in response to environment×management interactions

Temperature and humidity are two important factors to the crops growth and product quality in greenhouse. A study on the space-time distribution of humiture in greenhouse is required. The green house humiture monitoring system based on ZigBee wireless sensor networks (ZWSN) is the best solution. The objectives of this study are: (1) to develop ZWSN nodes for measuring the temperature and humidity in greenhouse; (2) to program suitable software making the nodes sleepy without work for energy saving; and (3) to optimize network performance by setting a time delay for each nodes. The designed system had been used to monitor the humiture inside a greenhouse. Experiments showed that this system operates stably, and the energy consumption was 22.4mA at work, 4.7mA in sleep. Its success rate of data packets reception was 97.1% with a delay. The ZWSN system could meet the need of humiture monitoring in greenhouse.

Design of a Greenhouse Humiture Monitoring System Based on ZigBee Wireless Sensor Networks

Whole-Wheat Bread for Human Health

Review on environmental control and simulation models for greenhouses.

Effect of stratified rotary tillage on paddy soil physical properties.

Two wheat cultivars, soft white winter wheat Yang-mai 11 and hard white winter wheat Zheng-mai 9023, were fractionated by kernel thickness into five sections; the fractionated wheat grains in the 2.7–3.0 mm section were separated sequentially into three fractions according to kernel specific density. Physical properties of unfractionated, fractionated, and separated wheat grains and the physicochemical properties of processed wheat flour were determined. Test weight, relative density, and whiteness of flour in the middle kernel thicknesses were maximal and those properties decreased with increasing or decreasing kernel thickness; they also decreased with decreasing kernel specific density. Extensigraph properties showed the same results. Water absorption of flour and kernel hardness increased with increasing kernel thickness and decreasing kernel specific density. The farinograph properties also were related to kernel thickness and specific density. Pasting viscosity increased with increasing ker...

Physicochemical Properties of Wheat Fractionated by Wheat Kernel Thickness and Separated by Kernel Specific Density

The development and experiment of aeration control system in pond.

Effects of axial flow and tangential flow mechanical threshing on rice damage and milling quality.

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