This review focuses on the observed characteristics of atmospheric newparticle formation (NPF) in different environments of the global troposphere. After a short introduction, wewill present a theoretical background that discusses themethods used to analyzemeasurement data on atmospheric NPF and the associated terminology.Wewill update on our current understanding of regionalNPF, i.e. NPF taking simultaneously place over large spatial scales, and complement that with a full review on reportedNPF and growth rates during regionalNPF events.Wewill shortly review atmospheric NPF taking place at sub-regional scales. Since the growth of newly-formed particles into larger sizes is of great current interest, wewill briefly discuss our observation-based understanding onwhich gaseous compounds contribute to the growth of newly-formed particles, andwhat implications this will have on atmospheric cloud condensation nuclei formation.Wewillfinish the reviewwith a summary of ourmain findings and future outlook that outlines the remaining research questions and needs for additionalmeasurements.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aadf3c/pdf

Atmospheric new particle formation and growth : review of field observations

Aerosols have significant and complex impacts on regional climate in East Asia. Cloud‐aerosol‐precipitation interactions (CAPI) remain most challenging in climate studies. The quantitative understanding of CAPI requires good knowledge of aerosols, ranging from their formation, composition, transport, and their radiative, hygroscopic, and microphysical properties. A comprehensive review is presented here centered on the CAPI based chiefly, but not limited to, publications in the special section named EAST‐AIRcpc concerning (1) observations of aerosol loading and properties, (2) relationships between aerosols and meteorological variables affecting CAPI, (3) mechanisms behind CAPI, and (4) quantification of CAPI and their impact on climate. Heavy aerosol loading in East Asia has significant radiative effects by reducing surface radiation, increasing the air temperature, and lowering the boundary layer height. A key factor is aerosol absorption, which is particularly strong in central China. This absorption can have a wide range of impacts such as creating an imbalance of aerosol radiative forcing at the top and bottom of the atmosphere, leading to inconsistent retrievals of cloud variables from space‐borne and ground‐based instruments. Aerosol radiative forcing can delay or suppress the initiation and development of convective clouds whose microphysics can be further altered by the microphysical effect of aerosols. For the same cloud thickness, the likelihood of precipitation is influenced by aerosols: suppressing light rain and enhancing heavy rain, delaying but intensifying thunderstorms, and reducing the onset of isolated showers in most parts of China. Rainfall has become more inhomogeneous and more extreme in the heavily polluted urban regions.

East Asian Study of Tropospheric Aerosols and their Impact on Regional Clouds, Precipitation, and Climate (EAST-AIRCPC)

. This
study investigates aerosol hygroscopicity, mixing state, and cloud
condensation nucleation as part of the Atmosphere–Aerosol–Boundary
Layer–Cloud Interaction Joint Experiment performed in the summer of 2016 at
Xingtai (XT), a suburban site located in the center of the North China Plain
(NCP). In general, the probability density function (PDF) of the
hygroscopicity parameter ( κ ) for 40–200 nm particles had a unimodal
distribution, and mean κ -PDF patterns for different sizes were
similar, suggesting that the particles were highly aged and internally mixed
because of strong photochemical reactions. The κ calculated from the
hygroscopic growth factor in the daytime and at night suggests that
photochemical reactions largely enhanced the aerosol hygroscopicity. This
effect became weaker as the particle size increased. In addition, the aerosol
hygroscopicity was much larger at XT than at other sites in the NCP. This is
because new particle formation takes place much more frequently in the
central NCP, which is heavily polluted from industrial activities, than
elsewhere in the region. The evolution of the planetary boundary layer played
a dominant role in dictating aerosol mass concentration. Particle size was
the most important factor influencing the ability of aerosols to activate,
whereas the effect of chemical composition was secondary, especially when
supersaturation was high. Using a fixed value of κ=0.31 to calculate
the cloud condensation nuclei number concentration in this region suffices.

/pdf/characterization-of-aerosol-hygroscopicity-mixing-state-and-4l62ux1gsb.pdf

Characterization of aerosol hygroscopicity, mixing state, and CCN activity at a suburban site in the central North China Plain

. A series of strict emission control measures was implemented in Beijing and the surrounding seven provinces to ensure good air quality during the 2015 China Victory Day parade, rendering a unique opportunity to investigate the anthropogenic impact of aerosol properties. Submicron aerosol hygroscopicity and volatility were measured during and after the control period using a hygroscopic and volatile tandem differential mobility analyzer (H/V-TDMA) system. Three periods, namely the control clean period (Clean1), the non-control clean period (Clean2), and the non-control pollution period (Pollution), were selected to study the effect of the emission control measures on aerosol hygroscopicity and volatility. Aerosol particles became more hydrophobic and volatile due to the emission control measures. The hygroscopicity parameter (κ) of 40–200 nm particles decreased by 32.0–8.5 % during the Clean1 period relative to the Clean2 period, while the volatile shrink factor (SF) of 40–300 nm particles decreased by 7.5–10.5 %. The emission controls also changed the diurnal variation patterns of both the probability density function of κ (κ-PDF) and the probability density function of SF (SF-PDF). During Clean1 the κ-PDF showed one nearly hydrophobic (NH) mode for particles in the nucleation mode, which was likely due to the dramatic reduction in industrial emissions of inorganic trace gases. Compared to the Pollution period, particles observed during the Clean1 and Clean2 periods exhibited a more significant nonvolatile (NV) mode throughout the day, suggesting a more externally mixed state particularly for the 150 nm particles. Aerosol hygroscopicities increased as particle sizes increased, with the greatest increases seen during the Pollution period. Accordingly, the aerosol volatility became weaker (i.e., SF increased) as particle sizes increased during the Clean1 and Clean2 periods, but no apparent trend was observed during the Pollution period. Based on a correlation analysis of the number fractions of NH and NV particles, we found that a higher number fraction of hydrophobic and volatile particles during the emission control period.

/pdf/enhanced-hydrophobicity-and-volatility-of-submicron-aerosols-52rh8lx9sf.pdf

Enhanced hydrophobicity and volatility of submicron aerosols under severe emission control conditions in Beijing

Size-resolved hygroscopic behavior of atmospheric aerosols during heavy aerosol pollution episodes in Beijing in December 2016

. This study is concerned with the impacts of organic aerosols on cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity based on field measurements made at a suburban site in Northern China. The sensitivity of the estimated CCN number concentration (NCCN) to both volume fraction of organic material (xorg) and aerosol oxidation level (using f44, the fraction of m∕z 44 in aerosol organic material) are examined. A strong dependence of CCN number concentration (NCCN) on the xorg and f44 was noted. The sensitivity of NCCN to volume fraction of organics increased with increasing xorg. The impacts of the aerosol particles oxidization or aging level on estimating NCCN were also very significant. When the particles were mostly composed of organics (xorg > 60 %), the NCCN at the supersaturation of 0.075 and 0.13 % was underestimated by 46 and 44 %, respectively, if aerosol particles were freshly emitted with primary organics (f44   15 %). The NCCN at the supersaturation of 0.76 % was underestimated by 11 and 4 %, respectively, at f44   15 %. However, for the particles composed of low organics (e.g., xorg   0.2 % (overestimation of 2–4 %). However, NCCN was overestimated by  ∼  20 % at supersaturation levels of

/pdf/impacts-of-organic-aerosols-and-its-oxidation-level-on-ccn-3w40ecfjd8.pdf

Impacts of organic aerosols and its oxidation level on CCN activity from measurement at a suburban site in China

Influences of aerosol physiochemical properties and new particle formation on CCN activity from observation at a suburban site of China

Handle everyday research tasks with reliable, citation-backed results

Your personal Research Agent to handle research tasks with citation-backed results

Popular Tasks used by Researchers

How can I help with your research?

Meet SciSpace

Get more enhanced response by uploading the PDFs you want me to reference.

No relevant PDFs in your library

SciSpace is the AI research assistant for academics. Run systematic literature reviews on 280M+ papers, and write papers with cited sources. Trusted by 1M+ students, PhDs & researchers.

SciSpace | AI for Research

Analyze PDFs

Code & Manuscripts

Funding & Grants

Literature & Patents

Medical & Clinical Data

Systematic Review

Visualize & Present

Web & Data

Build a Google Scholar-like website for your research.

Build a website

Create charts and images for your research

Create a Chart

Write a paper for submission to a journal

Draft a manuscript

Patent Search

Design eye-catching scientific posters in minutes.

Scientific Poster Generation

Systematic Literature Review

One task is running at the moment. Your messages will be shown right after.

Drag and drop or click here to browse

Loved by <highlight>1 million+</highlight> researchers

Extract a list of specific topics and their sources from unstructured text

Topics

Compare and analyze relevant papers that matches with your search

Papers

Get insights from PDFs and bookmarked papers from your library

My library

Recent searches

Try searching for:

Catch AI-generated content in scholarly and non-scholarly content

{ai} Detector

Ai Writer

Get PDF Summaries, highlighted text explanations 

Chat with PDF

Effortlessly create in-text citations and bibliographies in APA and 2,500 other formats

Citation generator

Get explanations, summaries, and answers on academic papers

Ease up your research workflow with {scispace}'s cohort of exciting AI tools

Elevate your academic writing skills and convey your ideas the way you want

Paraphraser

Explore our range of reading and writing tools

Your file is being prepared and should be ready in a few minutes. If it's a large file, it might take a bit longer. You can close this window, and we'll email you the file when it's done.

You have reached a maximum limit of <strong>{limit}</strong> columns in the table. Remove at least <strong>1</strong> column to add or create another one.

Li Sun

Author Tools

Chat about Author

Papers

Impacts of organic aerosols and its oxidation level on CCN activity from measurement at a suburban site in China

Influences of aerosol physiochemical properties and new particle formation on CCN activity from observation at a suburban site of China