The biosorption process has been established as characteristics of dead biomasses of both cellulosic and microbial origin to bind metal ion pollutants from aqueous suspension. The high effectiveness of this process even at low metal concentration, similarity to ion exchange treatment process, but cheaper and greener alternative to conventional techniques have resulted in a mature biosorption technology. Yet its adoption to large scale industrial wastewaters treatment has still been a distant reality. The purpose of this review is to make in-depth analyses of the various aspects of the biosorption technology, staring from the various biosorbents used till date and the various factors affecting the process. The design of better biosorbents for improving their physico-chemical features as well as enhancing their biosorption characteristics has been discussed. Better economic value of the biosorption technology is related to the repeated reuse of the biosorbent with minimum loss of efficiency. In this context desorption of the metal pollutants as well as regeneration of the biosorbent has been discussed in detail. Various inhibitions including the multi mechanistic role of the biosorption technology has been identified which have played a contributory role to its non-commercialization.

/pdf/bioadsorbents-for-remediation-of-heavy-metals-current-status-281t0rob6y.pdf

Bioadsorbents for remediation of heavy metals: Current status and their future prospects

Pb(II) uptake onto nylon microplastics: Interaction mechanism and adsorption performance.

Current advancement and future prospect of biosorbents for bioremediation

A comprehensive survey on the horizontal and vertical distribution of heavy metals and microorganisms in soils of a Pb/Zn smelter.

A vast array of industrial waste products, agricultural by-products, and biological materials, such as bacteria, algae, yeasts, and fungi have received increased attention for heavy metal removal and recovery due to their good performance, low cost, and availability in large quantities. Such materials are cheaper, more effective alternatives to commercial activated carbon (AC) for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution. The authors review in greater detail the various factors affecting the adsorption capacity and cost efficiency based on the literatures and present research results. Special emphasis has been made on nature of the precursors, their pretreatment and modification, the activation conditions of time and temperature, pH of aqueous media, and regeneration/reuse potential. The authors present some of the latest important results and give a source of up-to-date literature on the ACs prepared from various low-cost precursors from agro-industrial wastes as well as from biological material...

A Critical Analysis on the Efficiency of Activated Carbons from Low-Cost Precursors for Heavy Metals Remediation

Sphingomonas paucimobilis biomass has been successfully utilized to degrade several persistent organic pollutants (POPs). However, few studies have been conducted using it to remove heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. In the present study, the biosorption of copper(II) ions was investigated using non-living Sphingomonas paucimobilis biomass isolated from activated sludge, as obtained from the Lianyungang Dapu sewage treatment plant in China. The effects of several parameters including solution pH, contact time and ionic strength on the Cu(II) ion uptake were studied. The biomass was characterized by scanning electron microscopy/X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Fourier-transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR). The applicability of the Langmuir and Freundlich models was tested. The correlation coefficients (R2) of both models were greater than 0.9. The maximum adsorption capacities were found to be 50.1 mg/g for Cu(II) ions at 20 oC. The adsorption process was rapid and followed pseudo...

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1260/0263-6174.28.2.137

Removal of Copper(II) Ions from Aqueous Solution Using Sphingomonas paucimobolis Biomass

The Sphingomonas paucimobilis biomass has been successfully utilized to degrade several persistent organic pollutants (POPs). However, few studies have been conducted to use it to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions. In the present study, biosorption experiments for Cr (VI) were investigated using nonliving biomass of S. paucimobilis isolated from activated sludge, Lianyungang Dapu sewage treatment plant, China. The effects of several parameters including solution pH, contact time, and ionic strength, etc. on Cr (VI) uptake were studied. The biomass was characterized by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). The applicability of the Langmuir and Freundlich models was tested. The correlation coefficients (R) of both models were greater than 0.95. The maximum adsorption capacities were found to be 28.5 mg/g for Cr (VI) at 20°C. The adsorption process was quick and found to follow the pseudo-second-order equat...

Uptake of Cr (VI) by Sphingomonas paucimobilis Biomass from Aqueous Solutions

Staphylococcus aureus has not been used to remove Cr(VI) ions from aqueous solutions. In the present study, biosorption experiments for Cr(VI) were investigated using S. aureus biomass isolated from activated sludge, Lianyungang Dapu sewage treatment plant, China. The effects of solution pH, contact time reaction temperature and ionic strength on Cr(VI) uptake were studied. The biomass was characterized by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The applicability of the Langmuir and Freundlich models was tested. The correlation coefficients (R) of both models were higher than 0.9. The maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 27.36 mg/g for Cr(VI) at 20°C. The adsorption process was quick and found to follow the pseudo-second-order equation. The optimum adsorption was achieved at pH 2. The adsorption was strongly dependent on NaCl concentrations as well as on reaction temperature. The S. aureus biomass could serve as adsorbent to remove Cr(VI) from industrial effluents.

Adsorption of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solutions by Staphylococcus aureus Biomass

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Removal of Copper(II) Ions from Aqueous Solution Using Sphingomonas paucimobolis Biomass

Uptake of Cr (VI) by Sphingomonas paucimobilis Biomass from Aqueous Solutions

Adsorption of Cr(VI) from Aqueous Solutions by Staphylococcus aureus Biomass