Multilevel inverters (MLIs) have gained increasing interest for advanced energy-conversion systems due to their features of high-quality produced waveforms, modularity, transformerless operation, voltage, and current scalability, and fault-tolerant operation. However, these merits usually come with the cost of a high number of components. Over the past few years, proposing new MLIs with a lower component count has been one of the most active topics in power electronics. The first aim of this article is to update and summarize the recently developed multilevel topologies with a reduced component count, based on their advantages, disadvantages, construction, and specific applications. Within the framework, both single-phase and three-phase topologies with symmetrical and asymmetrical operations are taken into consideration via a detailed comparison in terms of the used component count and type. The second objective is to propose a comparative method with novel factors to take component ratings into account. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by a comparative study.

Voltage Source Multilevel Inverters With Reduced Device Count: Topological Review and Novel Comparative Factors

This paper presents a novel step-up dc to ac converter with only one power supply. These types of converters are suitable for renewable and sustainable energy applications with low input dc sources. The proposed topology has the ability of self-voltage balancing and does not apply end side H-bridge to produce a bipolar staircase waveform. Consequently, switching losses and voltage stress of semiconductor components are reduced to a great extent. A small dc voltage source can be used to achieve a high voltage high quality ac waveform through switching the precharged capacitors in series and in parallel. Circuit configuration and its operation principle, capacitors’ charging process, thermal model, capacitances, and losses calculations are discussed in details. Moreover, the comparison of the proposed circuit with the other single source multilevel converters shows that the proposed topology reduces the number of circuit elements. Finally, a laboratory nine-level prototype is built to verify the theoretical analyses and feasibility of the proposed topology. The experimental results show that the converter efficiency at 1 KW output power is 92.75%.

/pdf/a-novel-step-up-single-source-multilevel-inverter-topology-3dqh10j0cn.pdf

A Novel Step-Up Single Source Multilevel Inverter: Topology, Operating Principle, and Modulation

Single-phase Transformerless (TRL) inverters (1–10 kW) are gaining more attention for grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) system because of their significant benefits such as less complexity, higher efficiency, smaller volume, weight, and lower cost compared to transformer (TR) galvanic isolations One of the most interesting topologies for TRL grid-connected PV application is Three-Level Neutral-Point-Clamped Voltage Source Inverter (3L-NPC VSI) due to inherent feature of eliminating leakage current and other several dramatic benefits compared to classical two-level topologies Therefore, in this paper, firstly, a leakage current model is represented for 3L-NPC topology Then, more than 45 new / integrated single-stage single-phase 3L topologies, with the special focus on 3L-NPC VSI family are reviewed Several aspects, such as leakage current problem, Shoot-Through (S-T) issue, complexity of modulation methods, component count, etc, are investigated for all topologies and more than 10 comparison tables are provided Other advantages and disadvantages of topologies are represented as well Then, discussion and future trends are highlighted And finally, conclusion is represented

Single-stage single-phase three-level neutral-point-clamped transformerless grid-connected photovoltaic inverters: Topology review

The papers in this special section focus on multilevel inverters and applications for their use. This section will be divided into at least two parts. The first section exploresa a new module for cascaded multilevel inverter is proposed. This module is named as Envelope Type (E-Type) module and can generate 13 levels with reduced components. A section section focuses on a new general multilevel inverter topology based on cascaded connection of sub-multilevel units with reduced switching components, DC voltage sources and blocked voltage by switches is proposed. The proposed topology is optimized to generate any levels with minimum number of components and peak voltage on switches.

Recent Advances in Multilevel Inverters and Their Applications—Part II

Multilevel inverters are useful because of their benefits such as high output voltage quality and lower losses. The multilevel inverters can produce output voltage with low total harmonic distortion (THD) by PWM techniques. The characteristics of inverter output voltage depend on voltage levels of the inverter so that as the number of voltage levels increases, the quality of inverter output voltage improves. Most of the previously presented topologies of multilevel inverters require multiple DC sources to produce multilevel output voltage which have their own specific problems. This paper proposes and analyses a 5-level inverter topology with a single DC source and a buck DC-DC converter in order to reduce the number of independent DC voltage sources. In the proposed topology, the specific input DC voltage is supplied through a single DC and a single-input single-output DC-DC converter. As the proposed topology uses a buck stage, one of the capacitors voltage, which is supplied by DC-DC converter, can be controlled. It is important to emphasize that the DC-DC converter used in the proposed topology is a partial-scale converter reducing its cost and size in comparison with the full-scale ones. The performance of presented topology is demonstrated by the simulation studies using MATLAB/SIMULINK under various conditions.

Five-Level Single-DC Source Inverter with Adjustable DC-Link Voltage

A new single-phase $ \uppi-\text{type}$ 5-level inverter using 3-terminal switch-network (3TSN) is proposed in this paper. The topology is considered as a variant of T-type 3-level structure or dual-buck inverter with coupled inductors. This new inverter is suitable for multilevel power inversion with low dc-bus voltage. The merit of the proposed topology is to apply only four active power switches to achieve 5-level operation. Other benefits include double frequency operation of output inductor and equal division of the current that flows through power switches and filter inductor. Hence, it leads to high efficiency and low harmonics. These characteristics allow improvement of losses distribution and volume reduction of output filter inductor. The operation scenario with sinusoidal pulsewidth modulation (SPWM) is described in details. Meanwhile, the magnetic analysis and design are studied and discussed. Finally, a prototype is built to verify the theoretical analysis and demonstrate the benefits of the proposed topology.

A New Single-Phase $\boldsymbol{\Pi}-\text{Type}$ 5-Level Inverter Using 3-Terminal Switch-Network

The characteristics analysis of a new single-phase π-type five-level inverter using three-terminal switch-network is proposed in this study. The topology is the variant of three-level T-type topology or multi-level inverter using interleaved pulse width modulation (PWM) in a bridge-leg with coupled inductors. Moreover, the big merit of the new inverter is to apply only four active power switches to achieve five-level operations resulted in high efficiency and low harmonics. Furthermore, double-frequency operation of output inductors and equal division of the current that flows through power switches and filter inductor also can be achieved. These characteristics allow improvement of losses distribution, voltage and volume reduction of output filter inductor. The operation scenario with sinusoidal PWM is described in details. Meanwhile, the magnetic analysis and design, dc bias component evaluation in the magnetising current, stresses analyses and power losses calculation of power switches are studied and discussed. Finally, the simulation and prototype experiment demonstrate the advantages of the proposed topology.

https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1049/iet-pel.2015.0545

Characteristics analysis of a new single-phase π-type five-level inverter

Integrated power systems are gaining popularity in the field of power systems and DC integrated power systems are considered promising for electric propulsion ships due to their simple grid topology, low fuel consumption, and easy access to new energy sources. However, the dynamic response characteristics of the power plant can be compromised when a variable speed generator is used in a DC power system, despite achieving energy savings. In this research, we investigate the power control strategy of a specific type of a ferry’s DC power plant. We establish a mathematical model and a Matlab/Simulink-based simulation model to analyze the performance of the proposed strategy. The research utilizes the fast charging and discharging advantages of supercapacitor storage devices to compensate for the dynamic impact delay of the power output when using the variable speed generator set. Additionally, an improved DC bus voltage droop control method that incorporates voltage compensation is proposed to mitigate problems related to large bus voltage fluctuations under sudden load change conditions, enabling better load distribution between different power sources. The simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed strategy in optimizing the speed-seeking method of the variable speed diesel engine sets matching with the supercapacitor, and its positive impact on the dynamic performance of the propulsion system is demonstrated under variable load conditions resulting from ferry operations.

/pdf/power-control-strategy-for-a-ferrys-dc-power-system-using-30r03d6w.pdf

Power Control Strategy for a Ferry’s DC Power System Using Supercapacitors

The analysis and design of a new single-phase π-type 5-level inverter is proposed in this paper. The main characteristics of new topology are 5-level operation with only 4 power switches, double frequency of output inductor ripple current and equal division of the current that flows through power switches and filter inductor. The topological operation with sinusoidal pulse width is described in details and all switching modes are shown. Finally, the simulation and experimental are presented and briefly discussed.

Analysis and design of a new single-phase π-type 5-level inverter

Due to multilevel inverters can have more levels of output voltage at the output waveform, closer to sine waves, and with small output waveform THD, and low voltage stress, low system advantages of EMI, multilevel inverters are widely recognized, and get a certain application. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of the basic multi-level inverter topology and the scope of application, this paper explores the idea and method of multi-level inverter topology using multi-terminal switch network. By comparing the new topology and basic topology, it can be seen that this new multi-level inverter topology is easy to expand, requiring small filter inductance volume and inductance, loss and low cost, which is an important direction for the development of topological circuits. The new multi-level topology has broadened the research scope of multi-level inverter topology and created new ideas and directions for multi-level topology research, which provides theoretical guidance for further scientific research and engineering applications. Keywords-multi-level inverter; power topology; multi-port switch network

/pdf/research-on-multi-level-inverter-of-multi-terminal-switch-1sgnoop6ha.pdf

Research on Multi-level Inverter of Multi-terminal Switch Network and Extension Topology

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