The ceramic multilayer technique, which is based on tape-cast green sheets, has the potential to generate advanced composite materials. In this work, high-purity refractory oxides like α-alumina, magnesia, and magnesium aluminate spinel were used for tape casting and multilayer processing. Highly porous Al2O3 and MgAl2O4 tapes were obtained with 16–36% open porosity and pore sizes <10 μm. Subsequently, increasing the grain sizes up to 1 mm led to multimodal slurries that yielded casting tapes of 3–5 mm thickness. Multilayer composites of different combination were prepared from these tapes by lamination and cofiring.

Tape Casting of Al203, MgO, and MgAl2O4 for the Manufacture of Multilayer Composites for Refractory Applications

Curved weak interfaces present promising advantages to be implemented as crack arrestors in structures designed under the damage tolerant-design principles. Among other advantages, they neither add extra weight nor significantly affect the global stiffness of the structural element, in contrast with alternative crack arrestors concepts. To be employed as a crack arrestor, it is key that the interface is able to deviate the crack. If the crack penetrates across the interface, the effect of the weak interface as a crack arrestor is canceled. In view of this, this work studies how to set the interface parameters to promote crack deviation along the interface. In particular, following the dimensional analysis of the problem, the effect of three significant dimensionless parameters is studied: interface to bulk fracture toughness, interface to bulk tensile strength, and the interface curvature radius normalized with the material characteristic length. The corresponding analysis is carried out using three approaches widely applied for the prediction of cracking events: Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics, Finite Fracture Mechanics, and a combination of Phase field and Cohesive Zone Model. The results present a clear effect of some parameters, such as the ratio of the interface to bulk fracture toughness, for which the three approaches agree. However, the results are moderately diverse in which correspond to the effect of the ratio of the interface to bulk tensile strength and quite divergent in what respect to the effect of the radius. The results are interpreted and explained as a consequence of the main assumptions behind the approaches studied. 

Crack impinging on a curved weak interface: Penetration or deflection?

Strategies to Optimize the Strength and Fracture Resistance of Ceramic Laminates

Chapter 9.7 – Layered Ceramics

Two different modes of fracture propagation can occur when a crack encounters a weak interface in a fused filament fabricated (FFF) part: the crack either deflects into the interface, or penetrates the subsequent layers. The objective of this work is to verify the suitability of an energy- and a strength-based criterion for predicting which failure mode will occur in FFF printed parts. Four different materials, glycol–modified poly(ethylene terephthalate), polylactide acid and two different poly(methyl methacrylate) grades were examined. Fracture mechanical tests were performed on single edge-notched bending specimens for the energy-based approach and tensile tests performed on dumbbell specimens for the strength-based approach. Additionally, porosity measurements and thermal analysis were carried out to provide structural information. The energy-based approach proved unreliable for failure mode prediction. Potential problems include failure to meet the requirements of linear elastic fracture mechanics and issues with notch design. The strength-based approach, in contrast, correctly predicted the crack path for all tested materials and seems a promising candidate for failure mode prediction in FFF materials. 

Crack penetration versus deflection in extrusion-based additive manufacturing – Impact of nozzle temperature and morphology

/pdf/failure-resistance-optimisation-in-layered-ceramics-designed-25ah1717xr.pdf

Failure Resistance Optimisation in Layered Ceramics Designed with Strong Interfaces

In the rapidly expanding field of two-dimensional materials, magnetic monolayers show great promise for the future applications in nanoelectronics, data storage, and sensing. The research in intrinsically magnetic two-dimensional materials mainly focuses on synthetic iodide and telluride based compounds, which inherently suffer from the lack of ambient stability. So far, naturally occurring layered magnetic materials have been vastly overlooked. These minerals offer a unique opportunity to explore air-stable complex layered systems with high concentration of local moment bearing ions. We demonstrate magnetic ordering in iron-rich two-dimensional phyllosilicates, focusing on mineral species of minnesotaite, annite, and biotite. These are naturally occurring van der Waals magnetic materials which integrate local moment baring ions of iron via magnesium/aluminium substitution in their octahedral sites. Due to self-inherent capping by silicate/aluminate tetrahedral groups, ultra-thin layers are air-stable. Chemical characterization, quantitative elemental analysis, and iron oxidation states were determined via Raman spectroscopy, wavelength disperse X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Superconducting quantum interference device magnetometry measurements were performed to examine the magnetic ordering. These layered materials exhibit paramagnetic or superparamagnetic characteristics at room temperature. At low temperature ferrimagnetic or antiferromagnetic ordering occurs, with the critical ordering temperature of 38.7 K for minnesotaite, 36.1 K for annite, and 4.9 K for biotite. In-field magnetic force microscopy on iron bearing phyllosilicates confirmed the paramagnetic response at room temperature, present down to monolayers.

pdf/probing-magnetic-ordering-in-air-stable-iron-rich-van-der-1sqj4di4.pdf

Probing magnetic ordering in air stable iron-rich van der Waals minerals

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Failure Resistance Optimisation in Layered Ceramics Designed with Strong Interfaces

Probing magnetic ordering in air stable iron-rich van der Waals minerals