CeVO4/rGO nanocomposite: facile hydrothermal synthesis, characterization, and electrochemical hydrogen storage

Obtaining multifunctional materials with desired properties for astronautics is a challenge. In this work, carbon nanofiber (CNF) and SiC-CNF aerogel films are fabricated using bacterial cellulose as scaffolds, which offer industrial-scale production and excellent mechanical strength and stability. The produced aerogel films demonstrate excellent microwave absorption and low thermal conductivity properties. Further, the microwave absorption properties of the aerogels were significantly enhanced due to the proper impedance matching and interface polarizations following the in situ growth of SiC nanowires. In consequence, SiC-CNF aerogel films show enhanced electromagnetic wave absorption, including the minimum reflection loss of −53.3 dB and low thermal conductivity of 0.046 W/m·K at 200 °C. Our work can provide new insight into the fabrication of multifunctional ceramic aerogels for critical applications. The SiC nanowire-carbon nanofiber (SiC-CNFs) aerogels were fabricated, and the as-obtained samples possessed excellent microwave absorption and thermal insulation properties.

Multifunctional carbon nanofiber-SiC nanowire aerogel films with superior microwave absorbing performance

Recent Advances in High-Efficiency Electrocatalytic Water Splitting Systems

Novel BiOBr/Bi2S3 high-low junction prepared by molten salt method for boosting photocatalytic degradation and H2O2 production

Core–Shell Nanophotocatalysts: Review of Materials and Applications

Developing an efficient, stable and low-cost noble-metal-free electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is an effective way to alleviate the energy crisis. Herein, we report a simple and facile approach to synthesize self-supported Ni-doped Mo2C via a molten salt method. By optimizing the content of Ni, the concentration of Ni(NO3)2, and the annealing time, self-supported nanoflower-like electrocatalysts composed of ultrathin nanosheets on carbon fiber paper (CFP) can be achieved. Such a fluffy and porous nanoflower-like structure has a large specific surface area, which can expose many active sites, and promote charge transfer; moreover, all of the above is beneficial for improving the HER performance. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the doping of Ni leads to a down shift of the value of the d band center (ed), so that the adsorbed hydrogen (Hads) is easier to desorb from the catalyst surface, thus leading to an enhanced intrinsic catalytic activity of Ni doped Mo2C based catalysts. As a result, Mo2C-3 M Ni(NO3)2/CFP with a nanoflower-like structure prepared at 1000 °C for 6 h exhibits the best electrocatalytic performance for the HER in 0.5 M H2SO4, with a low overpotential of 56 mV (at j = 10 mA cm-2) and a Tafel slope (27.4 mV dec-1) comparable to that of commercial Pt/C (25.8 mV dec-1). The excellent performance surpasses most of the noble-metal-free electrocatalysts. In addition, the outstanding long-term durability of Mo2C-3 M Ni(NO3)2/CFP is demonstrated by showing no obvious fluctuations during 35 h of the HER testing. This work provides a simple and facile strategy for the preparation of nanoelectrocatalysts with high specific surface areas and high catalytic activities, both of which promote an efficient HER.

Self-supported nickel-doped molybdenum carbide nanoflower clusters on carbon fiber paper for an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction.

Abstract Developing highly efficient and stable non-precious metal catalysts for water splitting is urgently required. In this work, we report a facile one-step molten salt method for the preparation of self-supporting Ni-doped Mo 2 C on carbon fiber paper (Ni-Mo 2 C CB /CFP) for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The effects of nickel nitrate concentration on the phase composition, morphology, and electrocatalytic HER performance of Ni-doped Mo 2 C@CFP electrocatalysts was investigated. With the continuous increase of Ni(NO 3 ) 2 concentration, the morphology of Mo 2 C gradually changes from granular to flower-like, providing larger specific surface area and more active sites. Doping nickel (Ni) into the crystal lattice of Mo 2 C largely reduces the impedance of the electrocatalysts and enhances their electrocatalytic activity. The as-developed Mo 2 C-3 M Ni(NO 3 ) 2 /CFP electrocatalyst exhibits high catalytic activity with a small overpotential of 56 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm −2 . This catalyst has a fast HER kinetics, as demonstrated by a very small Tafel slope of 27.4 mV·dec −1 , and persistent long-term stability. A further higher Ni concentration had an adverse effect on the electrocatalytic performance. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations further verified the experimental results. Ni doping could reduce the binding energy of Mo-H, facilitating the desorption of the adsorbed hydrogen (H ads ) on the surface, thereby improving the intrinsic catalytic activity of Ni-doped Mo 2 C-based catalysts. Nevertheless, excessive Ni doping would inhibit the catalytic activity of the electrocatalysts. This work not only provides a simple strategy for the facile preparation of non-precious metal electrocatalysts with high catalytic activity, but also unveils the influence mechanism of the Ni doping concentration on the HER performance of the electrocatalysts from the theoretical perspective. 

/pdf/experimental-and-dft-studies-of-flower-like-ni-doped-mo2c-on-1fgiwrwk.pdf

Experimental and DFT studies of flower-like Ni-doped Mo2C on carbon fiber paper: A highly efficient and robust HER electrocatalyst modulated by Ni(NO3)2 concentration

Ni(NO3)2-induced high electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of self-supported fold-like WC coating on carbon fiber paper prepared through molten salt method

3C-SiC nanowires with nanosheets were synthesized via a direct reaction of Si vapor (from solid silicon) and SiO vapor (from silicon and silicon dioxide) with graphene nanosheets at 1500 °C without any additional metal catalyst. The resultant products were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM and room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The results indicated that the product comprised SiC nanowires with nanosheets. The nanowires were mainly composed of curvy aggregated wires with diameters of 30–80 nm, some representative straight whiskers with a pellet at their tips, and some distinctive structures including connected particles, a dumbbell shape with dense stacking faults and periodic twins with screw dislocations. The nanosheets present in the products were thin SiC polycrystalline multilayers within a few nanowires. A combined VLS and VS mechanism was proposed for their formation. The PL spectra of the resultant SiC nanowires with nanosheets indicated a remarkable blue shift in comparison to the bulk SiC, implying their great potential applications in optoelectronic devices.

Graphene-based SiC nanowires with nanosheets: synthesis, growth mechanism and photoluminescence properties

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Papers

Self-supported nickel-doped molybdenum carbide nanoflower clusters on carbon fiber paper for an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction.

Experimental and DFT studies of flower-like Ni-doped Mo2C on carbon fiber paper: A highly efficient and robust HER electrocatalyst modulated by Ni(NO3)2 concentration

Ni(NO3)2-induced high electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution performance of self-supported fold-like WC coating on carbon fiber paper prepared through molten salt method

Self-supported nickel-doped molybdenum carbide nanoflower clusters on carbon fiber paper for an efficient hydrogen evolution reaction.

Graphene-based SiC nanowires with nanosheets: synthesis, growth mechanism and photoluminescence properties